Effect of Sample Geometry on Graphitization of Polyacrylonitrile.

In this study, it is analyzed how sample geometry (spheres, nanofibers, or films) influences the graphitization behavior of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) molecules. The chemical bonding and changes in the composition of these three geometries are studied at the oxidation, carbonization, and graphitization stages via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in situ thermogravimetric-infrared (TGA-IR) analysis, elemental analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The influence of molecular alignment on the graphitization of the three sample geometries is investigated using synchrotron wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).