One-Pot Synthesis of Bicontinuous Palladium Nanocubes with Distinct Catalytic Properties for Various Electrocatalysis and Heterogeneous Catalysis.

Bicontinuous metal structures possess unique physical and chemical properties, such as efficient mass transport capability and abundant low-coordinated surface atoms, that make them highly desirable catalysts for various important chemical reactions. Here, we report a one-pot synthesis approach to fabricate bicontinuous Pd nanocubes without a sacrificial template or a dealloying process. The prepared bicontinuous Pd nanocubes have a porous structure consisting of continuous nanosized ligaments, which can enable high atom utilization efficiency and offer abundant low-coordinated surface atoms.

Freestanding Penta-Twinned Pd-Ag Nanosheets.

2D metal nanosheets have attracted significant attention as efficient catalysts for various important chemical reactions. However, the development of metal nanosheets with controlled compositions and morphologies has been slow due to the challenges associated with synthesizing thermodynamically unfavorable 2D structures. Herein, we report a synthesis route of freestanding Pd-Ag penta-twinned nanosheets (Pd-Ag ptNSs) with distinct 5-fold twin boundaries.

Demonstration of an energy-efficient Ising solver composed of Ovonic threshold switch (OTS)-based nano-oscillators (OTSNOs).

As there is an increasing need for an efficient solver of combinatorial optimization problems, much interest is paid to the Ising machine, which is a novel physics-driven computing system composed of coupled oscillators mimicking the dynamics of the system of coupled electronic spins. In this work, we propose an energy-efficient nano-oscillator, called OTSNO, which is composed of an Ovonic Threshold Switch (OTS) and an electrical resistor. We demonstrate that the OTSNO shows the synchronization behavior, an essential property for the realization of an Ising machine.

Freestanding Penta-Twinned Palladium Nanosheets.

Control over the morphology of nanomaterials to have a 2D structure and manipulating the surface strain of nanostructures through defect control have proved to be promising for developing efficient catalysts for sustainable chemical and energy conversion. Here a one-pot aqueous synthesis route of freestanding Pd nanosheets with a penta-twinned structure (Pd NSs) is presented. The generation of the penta-twinned nanosheet structure can be succeeded by directing the anisotropic growth of Pd under the controlled reduction kinetics of Pd precursors.

Relationship Between Electronic Health Literacy and Self-Management in People With Type 2 Diabetes Using a Structural Equation Modeling Approach.

Background: Electronic health (eHealth) literacy is a relatively new concept used to determine health outcomes. However, it is not well known how eHealth literacy relates to health outcomes such as diabetes self-management.

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the relationships among eHealth literacy, self-efficacy, social support, and self-management in people with Type 2 diabetes.

Synergistic effect of bimetallic Pd-Pt nanocrystals for highly efficient methanol oxidation electrocatalysts.

Metal nanocrystals (NCs) with controlled compositional and distributional structures have gained increasing attention due to their unique properties and broad applications, particularly in fuel cell systems. However, despite the significant importance of composition in metal NCs and their electrocatalytic behavior, comprehensive investigations into the relationship between atomic distribution and electrocatalytic activity remain scarce. In this study, we present the development of four types of nanocubes with similar sizes and controlled compositions (Pd-Pt alloy, Pd@Pt core-shell, Pd, and Pt) to investigate their influence on electrocatalytic performance for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR).

Relationship between Type D personality and adverse health outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: The parallel mediating roles of diabetes distress and social isolation.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between Type D personality and adverse health outcomes [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL)] directly, and indirectly via diabetes distress and social isolation in people with type 2 diabetes.

Design: A secondary analysis of 524 participant's data derived from a cross-sectional, correlational study with people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Data were analysed using the PROCESS macro of SPSS.

Development and psychometric evaluation of a new brief scale to measure eHealth literacy in people with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The internet has become a major source of health information, and obtaining appropriate information requires various abilities and skills, labeled as electronic health literacy (eHealth literacy). The existing instruments for measuring eHealth literacy are outdated because they were developed during the Web 1.0 era, or not sufficiently sensitive for people with a specific condition or disease because they were designed to assess eHealth literacy over a broad range for a general population.

First-in-human study of IM156, a novel potent biguanide oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Preclinical models suggest anticancer activity of IM156, a novel biguanide mitochondrial protein complex 1 inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). This first-in-human dose-escalation study enrolled patients with refractory advanced solid tumors to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). Eligible patients received oral IM156 every other day (QOD) or daily (QD) and were assessed for safety, dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), pharmacokinetics, and preliminary signals of efficacy.

Surgical Strategy for Ethmoidal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula.

Objective: Ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a rare type of intracranial DAVF. The aim of this study was to report our experience with a unilateral approach and discuss its effectiveness for ethmoidal DAVF treatment.

Methods: The study included 19 patients who underwent surgical treatment for ethmoidal DAVF between January 1999 and May 2021.

Progressive and Stable Synaptic Plasticity with Femtojoule Energy Consumption by the Interface Engineering of a Metal/Ferroelectric/Semiconductor.

In the era of "big data," the cognitive system of the human brain is being mimicked through hardware implementation of highly accurate neuromorphic computing by progressive weight update in synaptic electronics. Low-energy synaptic operation requires both low reading current and short operation time to be applicable to large-scale neuromorphic computing systems. In this study, an energy-efficient synaptic device is implemented comprising a Ni/Pb(Zr Ti )O (PZT)/0.

Development and effects of a post-traumatic growth program for patients with breast cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a post-traumatic growth (PTG) program, based on the PTG promotion resources suggested by Cahlhoun, Cann, and Tedeschi, and to apply it to breast cancer patients to determine its effect.

Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest experimental design was used. In total, 74 participants were enrolled in this study, with 37 in the experimental group and 37 in the control group.

Pathways Linking Health Literacy to Self-Management in People with Type 2 Diabetes.

Health literacy is considered to be an emerging determinant of health behaviors and outcomes. The underlying mechanisms linking health literacy to diabetes self-management are currently unclear. This study assessed a mediation model consisting of a direct pathway between health literacy and self-management, and indirect pathways via social isolation only, self-efficacy only, and social isolation and self-efficacy serially in people with type 2 diabetes.

Nanogap-tailored Au nanoparticles fabricated by pulsed laser ablation for surface-enhanced Raman scattering.

Herein, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation (PLA) in a mixed-phase solvent of acetonitrile and water. The size of Au NPs and the number of graphitic carbon (GC) layers were controlled by varying the ratio of the solvent mixture. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of the Au NPs was investigated using 10 M 4-aminobenzenethiol and 10 M 4-nitrobenzenethiol as probe molecules.

One-Pot Synthesis of Ternary Alloy Hollow Nanostructures with Controlled Morphologies for Electrocatalysis.

The rational design and synthesis of multimetallic hollow nanostructures (HNSs) have been attracting great attention due to their structural and compositional advantages for application in electrocatalysis. Herein, the one-pot synthesis of Pd-Pt-Ag ternary alloy HNSs with controllable morphologies through a self-templating approach without any pre-synthesized templates is reported. Simultaneous reduction of multiple metal precursors by ascorbic acid in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) yielded initially metastable Pd-Ag nanocrystals, which can act as a self-template, and subsequent galvanic replacement and reduction led to the formation of final Pd-Pt-Ag HNSs.

Design of ultra-high luminescent polymers for organic photovoltaic cells with low energy loss.

Here, new polymers named PBTT-C ( = 3, 4, or 5) have been designed based on carboxylate-functionalized thieno[3,2-]thiophene units. The electroluminescence external quantum efficiencies (EQE) of pristine PBTT-C4 and C5 films are over 1 × 10, which are among the highest results for OPV materials. Through combination with BTP-eC9, the PBTT-C4-based film showed a high EQE of 6 × 10 and the non-radloss is 0.

Fullerene-Based Triads with Controlled Alkyl Spacer Length as Photoactive Materials for Single-Component Organic Solar Cells.

Two kinds of dumbbell-shaped acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type triad single-component (SC) photovoltaic molecules based on a benzodithiophene-rhodanine (BDTRh) core and [6,6]-phenyl-C butyric acid (PCBA) termini, BDTRh-C-PCBA and BDTRh-C-PCBA, were synthesized by modulating the alkyl (C2 and C10) spacer lengths. Both SC photovoltaic structures had similar UV-vis spectra in solution, but BDTRh-C-PCBA showed a significantly higher absorption coefficient as a thin film. In films, a more facile intermolecular photo-induced charge transfer was observed for BDTRh-C-PCBA in the broad-band transient absorption measurements.

Psychometric properties of the revised Diabetes Knowledge Test using Rasch analysis.

Objective: The revised Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT2) is the instrument that is the most widely used for measuring diabetes knowledge; nevertheless, its structural validity has never been evaluated. This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the DKT2.

Methods: This study performed a secondary data analysis of people with diabetes recruited at university hospitals.

Shape- and Size-Controlled Palladium Nanocrystals and Their Electrocatalytic Properties in the Oxidation of Ethanol.

Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) were synthesized in an aqueous environment via the reduction of KPdCl by a surfactant under a high temperature. Highly monodisperse spherical PdNPs and multi-pod PdNPs with a controlled size ranging from 18 to 50 nm were prepared in high yields by varying the concentration of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. The structural and optical properties of the synthesized Pd NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and UV-vis spectroscopy.

Multilevel Deep-Aggregated Boosted Network to Recognize COVID-19 Infection from Large-Scale Heterogeneous Radiographic Data.

In the present epidemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), radiological imaging modalities, such as X-ray and computed tomography (CT), have been identified as effective diagnostic tools. However, the subjective assessment of radiographic examination is a time-consuming task and demands expert radiologists. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have enhanced the diagnostic power of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tools and assisted medical specialists in making efficient diagnostic decisions.

Supportive Care Needs and Health-Related Quality of Life of Esophageal Cancer Survivors.

Objective: The aim of this study is (1) to describe the prevalence and correlates of unmet needs among esophageal cancer survivors (ECS) in Korea and (2) to identify the association between unmet needs and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Methods: We used a cross-sectional descriptive study design. Participants were 118 ECS from a hospital in Korea who received surgery at least 12 months before participating.

Modeling of CO-LPG WAG with asphaltene deposition to predict coupled enhanced oil recovery and storage performance.

Combined carbon capture and storage and CO-enhanced oil recovery (CCS-EOR) can reconcile the demands of business with the need to mitigate the effects of climate change. To improve the performance of CCS-EOR, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) can be co-injected with CO, leading to a reduction in the minimum miscibility pressure. However, gas injection can cause asphaltene problems, which undermines EOR and CCS performances simultaneously.

A New Self-management Scale with a Hierarchical Structure for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to develop a new instrument for measuring self-management with a hierarchical structure [the Diabetes Self-Management Scale (DSMS)] in patients with type 2 diabetes, and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Method: The DSMS instrument was developed in three phases: (1) conceptualization and item generation; (2) content validity and pilot testing; and (3) field testing of its psychometric properties. A convenience sample of 473 participants was recruited in three university hospitals and one regional health center, South Korea.