Can Tinted Lenses Be Used to Manipulate Pupil Size and Visual Performance When Wearing Multifocal Contact Lenses?

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of wearing neutral density (ND) filters with different transmittance levels over multifocal contact lenses (MTF CLs) on pupil size, visual functions and the dynamic accommodative response under daylight conditions in early presbyopes.

Methods: Seventeen individuals aged between 40 and 48 years (mean age 42.35±2.

The effects of different attentional focus on poststroke gait.

Attention may influence the motor performance of poststroke patients. The attentional focus implies "where" attention is focused while performing a specific movement. Focusing attention on the inside of the body while performing a specific exercise is called an internal focus (IF) and focus on the external environment is called an external focus (EF).

Effects of dance-based movement therapy on balance, gait, and psychological functions in severe cerebellar ataxia: A case study.

: Individuals in the later stages of cerebellar ataxia usually experience serious balance and immobility problems. Currently, there is a lack of adequate rehabilitative programs for individuals with severe cerebellar ataxia that can help improve ataxia-related motor impairment. The purpose of the present study was to explore the potential physiotherapeutic benefits of partnered dance on balance, motor functions, and psychological well-being in an individual demonstrating severe cerebellar ataxia symptoms.

Age-related differences in control of a visuomotor coordination task: a preliminary study.

[Purpose] The purpose of the current study was to examine age-related differences in control of a perception-action coordination skill. We adapted a visuomotor tracking experiment requiring various coordination patterns between a limb's motion and an external signal. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 12 subjects (6 elderly and 6 young) voluntarily participated in the study.

Effects of insoles contact on static balance.

[Purpose] This study examined the effect of the degree of the contact area between the insoles and soles on static balance. [Subjects and Methods] Thirteen healthy male and female adults voluntarily participated. All of the subjects wore three different types of insoles (no orthotic insole, partial contact, full contact) in the present experiment.

Whole body vibration may have immediate adverse effects on the postural sway of stroke patients.

[Purpose] This study applied whole body vibration (WBV) at different vibration frequencies to chronic stroke patients and examined its immediate effect on their postural sway. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 14 (5 males, 9 females) stroke patients participated. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two vibration frequency groups (10 Hz and 40 Hz).

Effects of external focus of attention on balance: a short review.

[Purpose] The present study reviewed studies that examined the effects of attentional focus on balance. [Methods] Keywords such as "attentional", "focus", and "balance" were used to find relevant research papers in PubMed (www.ncbi.

Applying proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching: optimal contraction intensity to attain the maximum increase in range of motion in young males.

[Purpose] Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching is known to be effective in increasing joint ROM. The PNF stretching technique first induces an isometric contraction in the muscles to be stretched, but no agreement concerning the optimal contraction intensity has yet been reached. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of contraction intensity on ROM while applying PNF stretching.

Effects of craniocervical flexion exercise on upper-limb postural stability during a goal-directed pointing task.

[Purpose] This study investigated the effects of craniocervical flexion exercise on upper-limb postural stability by measuring upper-limb postural tremor during a goal-directed pointing task. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned to the exercise or control group. The exercise group performed craniocervical flexion exercise four days per week for five weeks.

Comparison of 2 Different Exercise Approaches: Tai Chi Versus Otago, in Community-Dwelling Older Women.

Background And Purpose: Regular exercise can delay age-related risk factors and can maintain or improve physical health and activity in older adults leading to a decrease in fall risk. The purpose of this study was to compare 2 different interventions for fall prevention, tai chi (TC) and Otago, by examining lower extremity strength, balance, and spatiotemporal gait parameters in community-dwelling older women.

Methods: We performed a randomized trial in which subjects were assigned to 1 of 2 groups: the TC group (n = 21; age, 72.

Physical therapy combined with corticosteroid intervention for systemic lupus erythematosus with central nervous system involvement: a case report.

[Purpose] Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, immune-mediated disease, affecting 0.1% of the general population. To date, few studies have investigated the efficacy of physical therapy for SLE patients with CNS involvement.

Online discourse on fibromyalgia: text-mining to identify clinical distinction and patient concerns.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using text-mining to identify clinical distinctions and patient concerns in online memoires posted by patients with fibromyalgia (FM).

Material And Methods: A total of 399 memoirs were collected from an FM group website. The unstructured data of memoirs associated with FM were collected through a crawling process and converted into structured data with a concordance, parts of speech tagging, and word frequency.

Backward walking treadmill therapy can improve walking ability in children with spastic cerebral palsy: a pilot study.

The aim of this study was to determine whether an 8-week period of backward walking (BW) training on the treadmill can improve the gross motor function measure (GMFM), weight-bearing symmetry, and temporospatial gait parameters in individuals with spastic cerebral palsy. Twelve participants aged 5-15 years with spastic cerebral palsy participated in this study. The BW training was conducted on a treadmill for up to 20 min, with three sessions per week for 8 consecutive weeks.