Severe hypernatremia by excessive bamboo salt ingestion in healthy young woman.

Severe hypernatremia is an important electrolyte disorder that has serious effects. The patient had no medical history. A.

Nondiabetic kidney diseases in type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of nondiabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to find a clinical significance of renal biopsy and immunosuppressive treatment in such a patient.

Methods: Renal biopsy results, clinical parameters, and renal outcomes were analyzed in 75 diabetic patients who underwent kidney biopsy at Chungnam National University Hospital from January 1994 to December 2010.

Results: The three most common reasons for renal biopsy were nephrotic range proteinuria (44%), proteinuria without diabetic retinopathy (20%), and unexplained decline in renal function (20.

C-phycocyanin attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice.

Although cisplatin is a highly effective antineoplastic agent, nephrotoxicity is its major clinical problem. Recently, it was reported that Spirulina, a blue-green algae, has potent antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to establish the possible protective role of C-phycocyanin (PC), one of the active ingredients of Spirulina, against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Hyperammonemia in a patient with late-onset ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency.

Ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OTC) deficiency is a urea cycle disorder that causes the accumulation of ammonia, which can lead to encephalopathy. Adults presenting with hyperammonemia who are subsequently diagnosed with urea cycle disorders are rare. Herein, we report a case of a late-onset OTC deficient patient who was successfully treated with arginine, benzoate and hemodialysis.

A case of urine leakage: an unusual complication after renal biopsy.

Renal biopsy is a crucial method in the diagnosis and treatment of acute renal failure of unknown origin, nephrotic syndrome, suspicious interstitial nephritis, and glomerulonephritis as a possible cause of hematuria or proteinuria. Complications occur in 2% to 8% of patients after percutaneous renal biopsy. Complications include gross hematuria, perirenal hematoma, arteriovenous fistula, aneurysm, injury of other organs, and urine leakage.

Aliskiren ameliorates renal inflammation and fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice.

Purpose: Renin-angiotensin system activation is involved in inflammation and fibrosis in the kidney. Aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor, decreases renin-angiotensin system activation, including plasma renin activity and angiotensin II, but increases the prorenin level, which may promote inflammation and fibrosis in renal tissue. Thus, we evaluated whether inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system by aliskiren would decrease renal inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction.

Pretreatment with darbepoetin attenuates renal injury in a rat model of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Background/aims: Darbepoetin alpha (DPO) exhibits comparable renoprotective effects to erythropoietin (EPO) in several animal models of acute renal injury. We examined whether DPO also attenuated renal injury in a rat model of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: untreated, DPO-treated, cisplatin-injected, and DPO-treated cisplatin-injected.

Pretreatment of sildenafil attenuates ischemia-reperfusion renal injury in rats.

Sildenafil was the first selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) to be widely used for treating erectile dysfunction. Many recent studies have investigated the cardioprotective role of sildenafil in animal models. We evaluated the protective effects of sildenafil in experimental renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in two studies.

The heme oxygenase-1 genotype is a risk factor to renal impairment of IgA nephropathy at diagnosis, which is a strong predictor of mortality.

The induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammatory process, which play important roles in IgA nephropathy. We hypothesized length polymorphism in the promoter region of the HO-1 gene, which is related to the level of gene transcription, is associated with disease severity of IgA nephropathy. The subjects comprised 916 patients with IgA nephropathy and gene data.

Erythropoietin attenuates renal injury in an experimental model of rat unilateral ureteral obstruction via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.

Purpose: Erythropoietin was recently shown to exert important cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic effects in injury models of the brain, heart and kidney. We examined whether erythropoietin also attenuates renal injury in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction via anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory actions.

Materials And Methods: We divided Sprague-Dawley rats (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea) into 4 groups, including 1-vehicle treated with sham operation, 2-vehicle treated with unilateral ureteral obstruction for 3 days, 3-erythropoietin treatment with sham operation and 4-erythropoietin treatment for unilateral ureteral obstruction for 3 days.

Sildenafil attenuates renal injury in an experimental model of rat cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Sildenafil is the first commercially available selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) and is widely used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. In recent years, investigations of the role of sildenafil in cardioprotection in animal models have received considerable interest. We evaluated whether sildenafil can attenuate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat experimental model.