Comparison of postoperative outcomes after cranial neurosurgery using propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia versus inhalation anesthesia: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Background: We aimed to determine whether propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is associated with mortality and morbidity following cranial neurosurgery compared with inhalation anesthesia.

Methods: This nationwide, retrospective, population-based cohort study included patients who underwent cranial neurosurgery under general anesthesia between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2021. The two study endpoints were 90-day mortality and postoperative complications.

Predicting stroke volume variation using central venous pressure waveform: a deep learning approach.

. This study evaluated the predictive performance of a deep learning approach to predict stroke volume variation (SVV) from central venous pressure (CVP) waveforms..

Reduced income, joblessness, and disability among traumatic brain injury survivors: A national cohort study in South Korea.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on employment status, household income, and the development of new disabilities among survivors, as well as its correlation with mortality rates over a 2-year period.

Methods: In this nationwide population-based cohort study, we screened all patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) because of TBI between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018, in South Korea. Among them, patients who were alive for > 1 year were considered TBI survivors.

Role of oxygen reserve index monitoring in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a common surgical procedure for the treatment of prostate cancer. Although beneficial, it can lead to intraoperative hypoxia due to high-pressure pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position. This study explored the use of oxygen reserve index (ORi) to monitor and predict hypoxia during RARP.

Intraoperative Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Microvascular Decompression.

Background: We performed this study to investigate the effect of intraoperative brainstem auditory evoked potential (IBAEP) changes on the development of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after microvascular decompression (MVD) for neurovascular cross compression.

Methods: A total of 373 consecutive cases were treated with MVD. The use of rescue antiemetics after surgery was used as an objective indicator of PONV.

Effect of patient-controlled analgesia on development of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing microvascular decompression: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) occurs frequently after microvascular decompression (MVD). Fentanyl, an opioid, is strongly related to the development of PONV, and ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been approved for postoperative pain management. However, how ketorolac-based patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) causes PONV or how its efficacy differs from that of fentanyl-based PCA after MVD is unclear.

Comparison of Volatile Anesthetics Versus Propofol on Postoperative Cognitive Function After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the effects of volatile anesthetics and propofol on neurocognitive function after cardiac surgery.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Setting: A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted.

Trend of Intensive Care Unit Admission in Neurology-Neurosurgery Adult Patients in South Korea : A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: We aimed to examine trends in critically ill neurology-neurosurgery (NNS) patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in South Korea and identify risk factors for in-hospital mortality after ICU admission in NNS patients.

Methods: This nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study enrolled adult NNS adult patients admitted to the ICU from 2010 to 2019 extracted from the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea. The critically ill NNS patients were defined as those whose main admission departments were neurology or neurosurgery at ICU admission.

Antiemetic Prophylaxis with Ramosetron for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Microvascular Decompression : A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of prophylactic ramosetron administration against postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing microvascular decompression (MVD).

Methods: In this study, 100 patients undergoing MVD were randomly allocated to the control (normal saline, 2 mL) or ramosetron (ramosetron, 0.3 mg) groups at the end of surgery.

Standard digit-based versus 90° rotation technique for supraglottic airway device insertion: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Prompt insertion and placement of supraglottic airway (SGA) devices in the correct position are required to secure the airway. This meta-analysis was performed to validate the usefulness of the 90° rotation technique as compared with the standard digit-based technique for the insertion of SGA devices in anesthetized patients in terms of insertion success rate, insertion time, and postoperative complications.

Methods: A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted.

Blood transfusion had no influence on the 5-year biochemical recurrence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a retrospective study.

Background: Although red blood cells (RBC) transfusion is known to be significantly associated with biochemical recurrence in patients undergoing open prostatectomy, its influence on biochemical recurrence after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to validate the effect of RBC transfusion on the 5-year biochemical recurrence in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy at single tertiary academic hospital between October 2007 and December 2014.

Magnesium Sulfate Enables Patient Immobilization during Moderate Block and Ameliorates the Pain and Analgesic Requirements in Spine Surgery, Which Can Not Be Achieved with Opioid-Only Protocol: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study.

Spine surgery is painful despite the balanced techniques including intraoperative and postoperative opioids use. We investigated the effect of intraoperative magnesium sulfate (MgSO) on acute pain intensity, analgesic consumption and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM) during spine surgery. Seventy-two patients were randomly allocated to two groups: the Mg group or the control group.

The antioxidant effect of preischemic dexmedetomidine in a rat model: increased expression of Nrf2/HO-1 via the PKC pathway.

Background: The precise underlying mechanism of antioxidant effects of dexmedetomidine-induced neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia has not yet been fully elucidated. Activation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) represents a major antioxidant-defense mechanism. Therefore, we determined whether dexmedetomidine increases Nrf2/HO-1 expression after global transient cerebral ischemia and assessed the involvement of Protein Kinase C (PKC) in the dexmedetomidine-related antioxidant mechanism.

Decreased income, unemployment, and disability after craniotomy for brain tumor removal: a South Korean nationwide cohort study.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of quality-of-life deterioration and associated factors in patients who underwent craniotomies for brain tumor removal. Additionally, we examined whether deteriorating quality of life after surgery might affect mortality.

Methods: As a national population-based cohort study, data were extracted from the National Health Insurance Service database of South Korea.

Depression and mortality after craniotomy for brain tumor removal: A Nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Background: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of newly developed depression in patients who underwent craniotomy for brain tumor removal, as well as its effect on long-term mortality.

Methods: Using a nationwide cohort database in South Korea, we included adult patients diagnosed with brain tumors who underwent craniotomy for brain tumor removal from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2017. We excluded patients with a preoperative history of depression.

The novel prognostic value of postoperative follow-up lateral spread response after microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm.

Objective: The lateral spread response (LSR) is an aberrant electrophysiological response in which a stimulus on one branch of the facial nerve spills over to other branches of the nerve, which can be captured by electrodes near each branch. The authors performed this study to evaluate the prognostic value of the follow-up LSR with a sufficient time interval from intraoperative LSR (IO-LSR) after microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm (HFS), excluding the interference of various intraoperative situations.

Methods: A total of 247 patients treated with MVD for HFS between June 2011 and March 2019 were enrolled in this study.

Musculoskeletal Disorders, Pain Medication, and in-Hospital Mortality among Patients with COVID-19 in South Korea: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

We aimed to investigate whether comorbid musculoskeletal disorders (MSD)s and pain medication use was associated with in-hospital mortality among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Adult patients (≥20 years old) with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis until 5 June 2020 were included in this study, based on the National Health Insurance COVID-19 database in South Korea. MSDs included osteoarthritis, neck pain, lower back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, and others, while pain medication included paracetamol, gabapentin, pregabalin, glucocorticoid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids (strong and weak opioids), and benzodiazepine.

Blood Pressure and Transient Postoperative Neurologic Deterioration, Following Superficial Temporal-to-Middle Cerebral Artery Anastomosis in Adult Patients with Moyamoya Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

We investigated whether intraoperative systolic blood pressure (ISBP) is associated with the risk of transient neurologic deficits (TND) following superficial temporal-to-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis in adult patients with moyamoya disease (MMD). In this retrospective observational study, data from adult patients with MMD who had undergone STA-MCA anastomosis at a single tertiary academic hospital during May 2003-April 2014 were examined. Data on patient characteristics were obtained from electronic medical records, including the details of comorbidities and laboratory findings.

Comparison of All-Cause Mortality Between Individuals With COVID-19 and Propensity Score-Matched Individuals Without COVID-19 in South Korea.

Background: We compared all-cause mortality between individuals in South Korea with and without coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using propensity score (PS) matching.

Methods: This population-based cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance Service COVID-19 cohort database. In the database, we included individuals (COVID-19 patients, control population, and test-negative individuals) aged 20 years or older, regardless of hospitalization.

The Neuroprotective Effect of Thiopental on the Postoperative Neurological Complications in Patients Undergoing Surgical Clipping of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm: A Retrospective Analysis.

Although thiopental improved neurological outcomes in several animal studies, there are still insufficient clinical data examining the efficacy of thiopental for patients undergoing surgical clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA). This study validated the effect of thiopental and investigated risk factors associated with postoperative neurological complications in patients undergoing surgical clipping of UIA. In total, 491 patients who underwent aneurysm clipping were included in this retrospective cohort study.

Statin Therapy and the Risk of COVID-19: A Cohort Study of the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea.

We aimed to investigate whether statin therapy is associated with the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the South Korean population. In addition, we examined whether statin therapy affects hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients. The National Health Insurance Service (NHIS)-COVID-19 database in South Korea was used for data extraction for this population-based cohort study.

Predictive factors of unacceptable movement and motor-evoked potentials during intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in adult patients undergoing brain surgery: A retrospective study.

Motor-evoked potential (MEP) monitoring is an essential monitoring for clinicians to improve outcomes. Although unacceptable movement during MEP is a rare complication but it can lead to terrible results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with unacceptable movements in patients undergoing brain surgery with MEP monitoring.

Associations between hand function and electrophysiological measurements in hand osteoarthritis patients of different ages with or without carpal tunnel syndrome.

Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disease that most frequently involves the hand. The objective was to compare clinical functional outcome measures including hand grip, pinch strength, and dexterity with various electrophysiological measures in patients of different ages with hand osteoarthritis with or without the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Patients with hand osteoarthritis (208 patients, 404 hands) who underwent hand-function tests and motor and sensory nerve conduction studies (NCS) between June 2015 and June 2016 were enrolled.