Lecanemab: Appropriate Use Recommendations by Korean Dementia Association.

Lecanemab (product name Leqembi®) is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody treatment approved for use in Korea for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The Korean Dementia Association has created recommendations for the appropriate use of lecanemab to assist clinicians. These recommendations include selecting patients for administration, necessary pre-administration tests and preparations, administration methods, monitoring for amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), and communication with patients and caregivers.

A Novel Rare PSEN2 Val226Ala in PSEN2 in a Korean Patient with Atypical Alzheimer's Disease, and the Importance of PSEN2 5th Transmembrane Domain (TM5) in AD Pathogenesis.

In this manuscript, a novel presenilin-2 (PSEN2) mutation, Val226Ala, was found in a 59-year-old Korean patient who exhibited rapid progressive memory dysfunction and hallucinations six months prior to her first visit to the hospital. Her Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed brain atrophy, and both amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and multimer detection system-oligomeric amyloid-beta (Aβ) results were positive. The patient was diagnosed with early onset Alzheimer's disease.

Relationship between the response to donepezil and plasma amyloid beta oligomers in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Aim: To date, there is no reported effective biomarker that can predict which Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients will respond to donepezil and which will not. This study aimed to investigate whether baseline values of Aβ oligomers (AβOs), measured by the Multimer Detection System-Oligomeric Aβ (MDS-OAβ), can be used to predict responders after 6 months of donepezil medication.

Methods: The study enrolled 104 patients diagnosed with probable AD.

The Usefulness of F-FDG PET to Differentiate Subtypes of Dementia: The Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Purpose: Dementia subtypes, including Alzheimer's dementia (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), pose diagnostic challenges. This review examines the effectiveness of F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (F-FDG PET) in differentiating these subtypes for precise treatment and management.

Methods: A systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was conducted using databases like PubMed and Embase to identify studies on the diagnostic utility of F-FDG PET in dementia.

Alterations in cognitive function and blood biomarkers following transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with amyloid positron emission tomography-positive Alzheimer's disease: a preliminary study.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by progressive cognitive decline. To address this, we conducted a randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled study to investigate the therapeutic potential of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on patients with amyloid positron emission tomography (PET)- positive AD.

Methods: Participants already undergoing pharmacological treatment and testing positive for amyloid PET were divided into Active-tDCS ( = 8) and Sham-tDCS ( = 8) groups.

Patient with PSEN1 Glu318Gly and Other Possible Disease Risk Mutations, Diagnosed with Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease.

In this manuscript, we introduced a French EOAD patient in Korea who carried the presenilin-1 () Glu318Gly mutations with four possible risk variants, including sortilin-related receptor 1 () Glu270Lys, ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 7 () Val1946Met, translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 () Arg239Trp, and granulin () Ala505Gly. The patient started to present memory decline and behavioral dysfunction in his early 60s. His brain imaging presented amyloid deposits by positron emission tomography (PET-CT).

Effects of GV1001 on Language Dysfunction in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Alzheimer's Disease: Analysis of Severe Impairment Battery Subscales.

Background And Purpose: The efficacy and safety of GV1001 have been demonstrated in patients with moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we aimed to further demonstrate the effectiveness of GV1001 using subscales of the Severe Impairment Battery (SIB), which is a validated measure to assess cognitive function in patients with moderate-to-severe AD.

Methods: We performed a analysis of data from a 6 month, multicenter, phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with GV1001 (ClinicalTrials.

fNIRS Assessment during Cognitive Tasks in Elderly Patients with Depressive Symptoms.

This study aimed to investigate differences in prefrontal cortex activation between older adults with and without depressive symptoms during cognitive tasks using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We examined 204 older participants without psychiatric or neurological disorders who completed the Geriatric Depression Scale, digit span, Verbal Fluency Test, and Stroop test. At the same time, prefrontal cortex activation was recorded using fNIRS.

Erratum: Plasma Oligomeric Beta Amyloid in Alzheimer's Disease with History of Agent Orange Exposure.

[This corrects the article on p. 41 in vol. 17, PMID: 30906391.

Double Mutations in a Patient with Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease in Korea: An Val551Met and a His169Asn.

The etiology of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) is associated with alterations in the production of amyloid beta (Aβ) species caused by mutations in the , , and genes. Mutations affect intra- or inter-molecular interactions and processes between the γ-secretase complex and amyloid precursor protein (APP), leading to the aberrant sequential cleavage of Aβ species. A 64-year-old woman presented with progressive memory decline, mild right hippocampal atrophy, and a family history of Alzheimer's dementia (AD).

PSEN2 Thr421Met Mutation in a Patient with Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease.

Presenilin-2 (PSEN2) mutation Thr421Met was identified from a 57-years old patient with early onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) for the first time in Korea. Previously, this mutation was discovered in an EOAD patient in Japan without a change on amyloid production from the cellular study. Both Korean and Japanese patients developed the disease in their 50s.

Cognitive decline according to amyloid uptake in patients with poststroke cognitive impairment.

Background And Purpose: Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is common, but the impact of β-amyloid (Aβ) on PSCI is uncertain. The proposed study will investigate amyloid pathology in participants with PSCI and how differently their cognition progress according to the amyloid pathology.

Methods: This multicenter study was designed to be prospective and observational based on a projected cohort size of 196 participants with either newly developed cognitive impairment, or rapidly aggravated CI, within 3 months after acute cerebral infarction.

Discontinuation Rate of Newly Prescribed Donepezil in Alzheimer's Disease Patients in Asia.

Background And Purpose: The rate of donepezil discontinuation and the underlying reasons for discontinuation in Asian patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are currently unknown. We aimed to determine the treatment discontinuation rates in AD patients who had newly been prescribed donepezil in routine clinical practice in Asia.

Methods: This 1-year observational study involved 38 institutions in seven Asian countries, and it evaluated 398 participants aged 50-90 years with a diagnosis of probable AD and on newly prescribed donepezil monotherapy.

Impact of an Education Program for Caregivers of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease on Treatment Discontinuation and Compliance in Korea.

Background And Purpose: Reportedly 30-50% of patients being treated for chronic illnesses do not adhere to their medication regimen. We assessed the impact of a nurse-led education program for caregivers of Korean de novo Alzheimer's disease patients who had newly been prescribed donepezil.

Methods: This multicenter study analyzed 93 participants in a caregiver education group and 92 participants in a caregiver no-education group.

Efficacy and safety of GV1001 in patients with moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease already receiving donepezil: a phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial.

Background: Our previous studies showed that GV1001 has various protective effects against β-amyloid and other stressors. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that GV1001 might have beneficial effects in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: A phase 2, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, 6-month randomized clinical trial was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of subcutaneously administered GV1001.

Validation of a New Screening Tool for Dementia: The Simple Observation Checklist for Activities of Daily Living.

Background And Purpose: Screening tests for dementia such as the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment are widely used, but there are drawbacks to their efficient use. There remains a need for a brief and easy method of assessing the activities of daily living (ADL) that can be administered to elderly individuals by healthcare workers. We have therefore developed a new scale named the Simple Observation Checklist for Activities of Daily Living (SOC-ADL).

Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of DA-9701 in Parkinson's Disease: PASS-GI Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of DA-9701 on gastrointestinal symptom-related quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease on stable dopaminergic medications.

Methods: This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 4 trial included a total of 144 patients with Parkinson's disease with gastrointestinal dysfunctions based on predefined criteria. Participants were randomized to take either DA-9701 or placebo for 4 weeks, and then both groups were administered DA-9701 for an additional 8 weeks while antiparkinsonian medications were unchanged.

Clinical Aspects of Neurobehavioral Symptoms of Dementia.

Neurobehavioral symptoms of dementia (NBSD) are very common and are significant symptoms of the illness, contributing most to caregiver burdens and often resulting in premature institutionalization of the person with dementia. The main symptoms of NBSD are anxiety, depression, delusions, and hallucinations. NBSD produce significant problems for both patients and caregivers.

Prediction of cognitive impairment via deep learning trained with multi-center neuropsychological test data.

Background: Neuropsychological tests (NPTs) are important tools for informing diagnoses of cognitive impairment (CI). However, interpreting NPTs requires specialists and is thus time-consuming. To streamline the application of NPTs in clinical settings, we developed and evaluated the accuracy of a machine learning algorithm using multi-center NPT data.

Novel prion mutation (p.Tyr225Cys) in a Korean patient with atypical Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

A novel prion variant, p.Tyr225Cys (c.674A>G; p.

Genetic analyses of early-onset Alzheimer's disease using next generation sequencing.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative dementia, but the cause of AD remained poorly understood. Many mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 and 2 (PSEN1 and PSEN2) have been reported as the pathogenic causes of early-onset AD (EOAD), which accounts for up to 5% of all AD cases. In this study, we screened familiar/de novo EOAD (n = 67) samples by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of a 50-gene panel, which included causative and possible pathogenic variants linked to neurodegenerative disorders.

FDG PET Findings according to Wandering Patterns of Patients with Drug-naïve Alzheimer's Disease.

Background And Purpose: To explore anatomic substrate of specific wandering patterns in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) by performing positron emission tomography with F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET).

Methods: Drug-naïve AD patients with wandering (=80) and without wandering (=262) were recruited. First, the specific pattern of wandering type was operationally classified according to specific wandering score and clinical assessment.