Pseudoaneurysm-Induced Pain Following Ankle Arthroscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Arthroscopic surgery is esteemed for its arthroscopic lateral ligament repair to treating ankle ligament injuries, characterized by a low complication rate. Nevertheless, rare complications such as pseudoaneurysms require careful monitoring and a strategic approach to management during the postoperative follow-up period. This case report details a 42-year-old man with chronic instability in his left ankle.

Hematologic and molecular responses to ropeginterferon alfa-2b therapy of polycythemia vera: 48-week results from a prospective study.

To prevent thrombosis in patients with polycythemia vera (PV), achieving a complete hematologic response (CHR) is highly recommended in practice. In addition, a reduced JAK2 V617F mutation burden is expected to have a disease-modifying effect, and its molecular response (MR) is currently of significant interest. This study aimed to assess the association between CHR and MR in patients with PV following treatment with ropeginterferon alfa-2b.

Phase 2 study of neoadjuvant durvalumab plus docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S-1 with surgery and adjuvant durvalumab plus S-1 for resectable locally advanced gastric cancer.

Background: Based on the phase 3 PRODIGY study, neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S-1 (DOS) have emerged as a viable treatment option for Asian patients with resectable locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). This phase 2 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of combining neoadjuvant durvalumab with DOS, followed by surgery and adjuvant durvalumab plus S-1 chemotherapy, for resectable LAGC.

Methods: Patients with LAGC with cT2/3N+or cT4Nany tumors were enrolled in this study.

Elucidating the Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity Effect of Co-Doped NiO Deposited on Ni Foam for Highly Stable Zn-Air Batteries.

The urgent need to alleviate global warming and limit the consumption of fossil fuels has prompted the development of rechargeable Zn-air batteries (ZABs) considering their superior energy density, safety, and cost-effectiveness. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the unfavorable properties of conventional OER catalysts (including low electrical conductivity and the use of active site-blocking binders) hinder the development of practically viable ZABs. Herein, we report a distinct approach for directly synthesizing cobalt-doped nickel oxide (Co-NiO) with a chiral structure on porous Ni foam via a one-step hydrothermal process.

Incidence and management of hepatic immune‑related adverse events in advanced urologic cancers treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A multicenter retrospective study.

The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence, characteristics and management of hepatic immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Data regarding the demographics, ICI regimens and hepatic irAEs from 213 patients with metastatic UC or metastatic RCC receiving ICIs between February 2018 and September 2023 at three tertiary medical centers (Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, South Korea; Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences Cancer Center, Busan, South Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea) in South Korea were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Hepatic irAEs were graded using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.

Reduced-Ports Robotic Pylorus-Preserving Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer.

Background: Laparoscopic gastrectomy has proven to be safe and effective as a first-line treatment for early gastric cancer in terms of oncologic results. The da Vinci robotic system offers stable 3D vision, near-infrared fluorescence imaging, and articulating wrist movements, making it suitable for performing reduced-ports robotic pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (RP-RPPG). This study examines the feasibility and safety of RP-RPPG for gastric cancer.

Long-term gait improvement following a CSF tap test in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients: an analysis of clinical outcomes.

Objectives: To evaluate the sustained effects of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tap test (TT) on gait parameters over one month in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 150 patients with iNPH from two university hospitals who underwent CSF TT and quantitative gait analysis. Gait parameters, including walking speed (WS) and stride length (SL), were measured before, within 24 h after, and one month after the CSF TT.

Chestnut ( S. et Z.) inner shell-A by-product promotes anti-obesity by regulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis-related genes and the AMPK/ACC signaling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

A by-product is a secondary substance unintentionally produced during manufacturing and can be repurposed through recycling. In particular, by-products generated from the processing of natural materials are valuable because of their bioactive compound content, such as polyphenols and anthocyanins. Obesity is a global health issue, and medicines for obesity have side effects, such as insomnia and headaches.

Soluble DPP4 promotes hepatocyte lipid accumulation via SOX2-SCD1 signaling and counteracts DPP4 inhibition.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), a well-known target of antidiabetic therapy, is implicated in steatotic liver disease. However, its role in hepatic lipid metabolism, particularly the distinct functions of soluble DPP4 (sDPP4) and membrane-bound DPP4 (mbDPP4), remains unclear. Here, we identify SOX2 as a key mediator linking sDPP4 to hepatocyte lipid accumulation, uncovering a previously unreported regulatory mechanism.

Artificial intelligence for breast cancer screening in mammography (AI-STREAM): preliminary analysis of a prospective multicenter cohort study.

Artificial intelligence (AI) improves the accuracy of mammography screening, but prospective evidence, particularly in a single-read setting, remains limited. This study compares the diagnostic accuracy of breast radiologists with and without AI-based computer-aided detection (AI-CAD) for screening mammograms in a real-world, single-read setting. A prospective multicenter cohort study is conducted within South Korea's national breast cancer screening program for women.

Risk-adapted scoring model to identify candidates benefiting from adjuvant chemotherapy after radical nephroureterectomy for localized upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma: A multicenter study.

Purpose: Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is recommended for muscle-invasive or lymph node-positive upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). However, disease recurrences are frequently observed in pT1 disease, and AC may increase the risk of overtreatment in pT2 UTUC patients. This study aimed to validate a risk-adapted scoring model for selecting UTUC patients with ≤pT2 disease who would benefit from AC.

AXL kinase inhibitor exhibits antitumor activity by inducing apoptotic cell death in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer associated with a poor prognosis and decreased patient survival. It is intimately linked to AXL overexpression and AXL hyperactivation. Here, we explored the therapeutic potential of AX-0085, a small molecule AXL inhibitor.

Selenium vs Control for Graves Ophthalmopathy in a Selenium-Sufficient Area: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Graves ophthalmopathy significantly diminishes patients' quality of life due to its immune-mediated inflammatory effects on the orbital tissues. Selenium, with its antioxidative properties, has shown potential for improving Graves ophthalmopathy progression and quality of life (QOL); however, its effectiveness in selenium-sufficient regions is not well established.

Objective: To determine whether selenium supplementation improves QOL in patients with mild to moderate Graves ophthalmopathy in selenium-sufficient regions.

MILD: Minimizing Idle Listening Energy Consumption via Down-Clocking for Energy-Efficient Wi-Fi Communications.

Mobile devices, such as smartphones and laptops, face energy consumption challenges due to battery limitations, with Wi-Fi being one of the major sources of energy consumption in these devices. The IEEE 802.11 standard addresses this issue with Power Saving Mode (PSM), which reduces power consumption but increases latency.

Validating the Korean Geriatric Assessment Tool in Elderly Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Multicenter Study.

Purpose: This study evaluates the Korean Cancer Study Group Geriatric Score-7 (KG-7) frailty screening tool's effectiveness in elderly multiple myeloma (MM) patients to prevent under and over-treatment.

Materials And Methods: This prospective pilot cohort study included 100 elderly patients aged 70 and older with newly diagnosed MM who had not undergone transplantation from August 2020 to January 2022.

Results: The median age was 77 years, and 73% of patients were classified at International Staging System (ISS) stages 2 or 3.

Urinary trace elements and thyroid nodule formation in a longitudinal cohort of older women: Findings from KoGES.

Thyroid nodules are common in older populations, but the role of trace elements in their development and growth remains unclear. Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between trace elements and thyroid nodules. This study investigated the associations between urinary concentrations of various trace elements and the prevalence and incidence of thyroid nodules in older women, a population at higher risk for thyroid disorders.

Optogenetic inhibition of ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex astrocytes facilitates ventrolateral periaqueductal gray glutamatergic activity to reduce hypersensitivity in infraorbital nerve injury rat model.

Background: Trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) is a chronic condition characterized by heightened nociceptive responses and neuroinflammatory changes. While astrocytes are recognized as critical players in pain modulation, their specific role in influencing descending trigeminal pain pathways via ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex (vlOFC) activity modulation remains underexplored. Therefore, we investigated the impact of optogenetic modulation of astrocytes in the vlOFC on pain hypersensitivity in a rat model of chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION).

Clinical Efficacy of Sialendoscopy-Assisted Stone Removal for Non-Palpable Hilar and Intraglandular Submandibular Sialoliths.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of sialendoscopy in retrieving non-palpable submandibular stones located in the hilum or deeper parenchyma compared to traditional non-endoscopic transoral stone removal techniques.

Methods: Seventy patients with non-palpable submandibular hilar or intraparenchymal stones underwent sialendoscopy-assisted stone removal (SASR). Seventeen patients with hilar stones treated with non-endoscopic transoral stone removal (TOSR) were the control group.

The MLL3/GRHL2 complex regulates malignant transformation and anti-tumor immunity in squamous cancer.

Upper aerodigestive squamous cell carcinoma (UASCC) presents significant challenges in clinical management due to its aggressive nature. Here, we elucidate the role of MLL3 mutations as early, clonal genomic events in UASCC tumorigenesis, highlighting their role as foundational drivers of cancer development. Utilizing CRISPR-edited, cross-species organoid modeling, we demonstrate that loss of MLL3 contributes to early squamous neoplastic evolution.

Study Protocol of Expanded Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Active Surveillance on Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma (MAeSTro-EXP).

Background: Active surveillance (AS) has emerged as a viable management strategy for low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), following pioneering trials at Kuma Hospital and the Cancer Institute Hospital in Japan. Numerous prospective cohort studies have since validated AS as a management option for low-risk PTMC, leading to its inclusion in thyroid cancer guidelines across various countries. From 2016 to 2020, the Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Active Surveillance on Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma (MAeSTro) enrolled 1,177 patients, providing comprehensive data on PTMC progression, sonographic predictors of progression, quality of life, surgical outcomes, and cost-effectiveness when comparing AS to immediate surgery.

TiO-Nanoparticle-Embedded Thin-Film Encapsulation for Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Devices.

Blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs) have garnered widespread interest because of their 100% internal quantum efficiency (η) and high intensity due to microcavity effects. However, their external quantum efficiency (η) is limited by total internal reflection from the thin-film encapsulation (TFE) required by TEOLEDs and their susceptibility to moisture and oxygen. This paper introduces a novel approach in which TiO nanoparticles (NPs) are incorporated into a negative photoresist, and AlO is applied to form a nanolaminated TFE layer.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Dementia: Recommendations for the Pharmacological Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms.

Background And Purpose: Dementia often accompanies behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), including agitation, aggression, depression, and psychosis, which impact patients' quality of life and caregiver burden. Effective management of BPSD is essential to support patient and caregiver well-being. This study presents evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for pharmacological treatments of BPSD in dementia, focusing on antipsychotics, antidepressants, cognitive enhancers, and other medications.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Dementia: Recommendations for Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Memantine.

Background And Purpose: This clinical practice guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for treatment of dementia, focusing on cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other types of dementia.

Methods: Using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes (PICO) framework, we developed key clinical questions and conducted systematic literature reviews. A multidisciplinary panel of experts, organized by the Korean Dementia Association, evaluated randomized controlled trials and observational studies.

Impact of Myopia on the Utility of the Photopic Negative Response Ratio for Glaucoma Assessment.

: The objective assessment of visual function is crucial in glaucoma management, highlighting the importance of electroretinography (ERG). This study investigates the diagnostic performance of photopic negative response (PhNR) amplitude and the normalized PhNR/b-wave ratio in diagnosing glaucoma, focusing on the impact of myopia. : Ninety-one glaucoma patients and 19 glaucoma suspects were included, defining myopia as axial length (AL) > 24 mm or > 25 mm.