[Torsion of a Myomatous Uterus in a Non-Gravid Female: A Case Report].

The torsion of the uterus is a rare gynecological emergency. It occurs mainly in the gravid uterus and extremely rarely in the non-gravid uterus. In this article, we report a case of a torsion of non-gravid uterus accompanied by a huge intramural leiomyoma with focus on CT and MR imaging findings.

Association between Posttreatment Serum Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Distant Metastases in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Curative Radiation Therapy.

Background: We sought to investigate whether serum immune and inflammatory parameters can help to predict distant metastasis (DM) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing curative radiation therapy (RT).

Methods: A total of 76 RT courses were analyzed. The following variables were included in the analysis: systemic inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), absolute lymphocyte count, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, albumin, albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio, RT-related parameters, and levels of total protein, hemoglobin, α-fetoprotein, and PIVKA-II.

Devising a deep neural network based mammography phantom image filtering algorithm using images obtained under mAs and kVp control.

We study whether deep neural network based algorithm can filter out mammography phantom images that will pass or fail. With 543 phantom images generated from a mammography unit, we created VGG16 based phantom shape scoring models (multi-and binary-class classifiers). Using these models we designed filtering algorithms that can filter failed or passed phantom images.

[Multidetector CT Findings of Solid Organ Injury Based on 2018 Updated American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Organ Injury Scaling System].

The newly revised 2018 Organ Injury Scale (OIS) has a similar format to the previous American Association for Surgery and Trauma (AAST) Emergency General Surgery Grading System, dividing the criteria for grading solid organ damage into three groups; imaging, operation, and pathology. The most significant alteration in the OIS system 2018 revision is the incorporation of multidetector CT (MDCT) findings of vascular injury including pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistula. Similar to the previous OIS, the highest of the three criteria is assigned the final grade.

Lipiodol Pneumonitis Following Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a useful palliative therapeutic modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Postembolization syndromes, such as fever, abdominal pain, and elevated liver enzyme levels are commonly known complications of TACE. One post-TACE pulmonary complication, lipiodol pneumonitis, is rarely reported.

Comparison of biannual ultrasonography and annual non-contrast liver magnetic resonance imaging as surveillance tools for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis (MAGNUS-HCC): a study protocol.

Background: Ultrasonography (US) is recommended as a standard surveillance tool for patients with a high risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the low sensitivity of US for small HCC can lead to surveillance failure, resulting in advanced stage tumor presentations. For the early detection of HCC in high-risk patients and to improve survival and prognosis, a new efficient imaging tool with a high sensitivity for HCC detection is needed.

Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography to detect bile duct stones in acute biliary pancreatitis.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in detecting common bile duct (CBD) stones in acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP).

Methods: The medical records of patients presenting with ABP from January 2008 to July 2013 were reviewed to assess the value of MRCP in detecting CBD stones in ABP. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was used as the reference standard to assess the diagnostic yield of MRCP in detecting choledocholithiasis.

Gastroenteropancreatic-origin neuroendocrine carcinomas: Three case reports with favorable responses following localized radiotherapy and a review of literature.

Rationale: The radiotherapy (RT) responses of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP)-origin neuroendocrine tumors remain unclear. We report cases of favorable response after localized RT of GEP-origin neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-NECs).

Patient Concerns: 1.

Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy of the Native Kidney: An Axial Approach Along Brödel Avascular Plane of the Lower Pole.

Purpose: This study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of the axial approach for real-time ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy along Brödel avascular plane.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis of 41 percutaneous biopsies performed from June 2014 to June 2015, patients' medical records, pathology results, complication rate, and pain score before and during the procedure were reviewed.

Results: The average number of sampled glomeruli was 16.

Impact of the Cross-Sectional Location of Multidetector Computed Tomography Scans on Prediction of Serosal Exposure in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Background: The extent of serosal exposure varies depending on the cross-section of the stomach that is viewed, affected by the visceral peritoneum of the omentum. Although multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is the most useful method to predict serosal exposure, the MDCT criteria for such exposure by cross-sectional location remain to be established.

Methods: The MDCT of gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery, and for whom pathological reports were available, were reviewed by radiologists.

Spontaneous aortic pseudoaneurysm rupture into the sigmoid colon in Behçet's disease patient.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent orogenital ulcers, uveitis, and skin lesions. The vascular manifestations include thrombophlebitis, stenosis, occlusion, and pseudoaneurysm. BD infrequently precipitates aortic pseudoaneurysm rupture into the sigmoid mesocolon and lumen of the adjacent colon.

Usefulness of Two-Dimensional Values Measured Using Preoperative Multidetector Computed Tomography in Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis of Gastric Cancer.

Background: Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is essential for the prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis in gastric cancer. However, the measurement method and size criteria for metastatic LNs using MDCT are unclear.

Methods: MDCTs of gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery and had pathological staging were reviewed by radiologists.

Clinical effect of double coaxial self-expandable metallic stent in management of malignant colon obstruction.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of double coaxial self-expandable metallic stent (DCSEMS) in management of malignant colonic obstruction as a bridge to surgery or palliation for inoperable patients.

Methods: Between April 2006 and December 2012, 49 patients (27 males and 22 females; median age, 68 years; age range, 38-91 years) were selected to receive decompressive therapy for malignant colonic obstruction by implanting a DCSEMS. Application of DCSEMS was attempted in 49 patients under fluoroscopic guidance.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the small bowel manifesting as a jejunal perforation: a case report.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from the small intestine is rare and difficult to identify as a primary or metastatic feature. We report a case of small intestinal squamous cell carcinoma manifesting as subacute peritonitis due to perforation. An 80-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with intermittent postprandial abdominal pain.

MDCT findings of right circumaortic renal vein with ectopic kidney.

Anomalies of renal vasculature combined with ectopic kidneys were found on a multi-detector CT scan. Knowledge of renal vascular variation is very important for surgical exploration, radiologic intervention and staging for urologic cancer. We present an extremely rare case of a right circumaortic renal vein combined with a right ectopic kidney.

Risk factors associated with nephrocalcinosis in preterm infants.

Purpose: The objective was to identify the risk factors associated with nephrocalcinosis (NC) in preterm infants.

Methods: NC was diagnosed by renal sonography at 4 or 8 weeks of life, and 10 infants who had findings of type 3 or 4 NC were classified as the NC group. Various clinical and laboratory factors were compared between NC and control groups.

MRI findings of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: preliminary results.

Purpose: To describe the patterns of recurrence and serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation.

Materials And Methods: All cases of recurrent HCC after transplantation between September 2002 and August 2009 that underwent MRI including precontrast T1, T2-weighted images, and postgadolinium dynamic images were reviewed. On MRI we evaluated the characteristics and patterns of recurrent HCC after transplantation.

Image quality improvement after implementation of a CT accreditation program.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate any improvement in the quality of abdominal CTs after the utilization of the nationally based accreditation program.

Materials And Methods: Approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board, and informed consent was waived. We retrospectively analyzed 1,011 outside abdominal CTs, from 2003 to 2007.

Magnetic resonance imaging of cystic and endocrine pancreatic neoplasms.

This article describes the appearance of miscellaneous cystic and endocrine neoplasms using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Magnetic resonance imaging is a useful diagnostic modality in the assessment of various pancreatic neoplasms. Pancreatic endocrine tumors are moderately low in signal intensity on T1-weighted fat-suppressed images and moderately high in signal intensity on T2-weighted fat-suppressed images and demonstrate homogeneous, ring, or diffuse heterogeneous enhancement on immediate postgadolinium gradient echo images.

Small bowel volvulus induced by mesenteric lymphangioma in an adult: a case report.

Mesenteric lymphangiomas are rare abdominal masses that are seldom associated with small bowel volvulus, and especially in adult patients. We report here on an unusual case of small bowel volvulus that was induced by a mesenteric lymphangioma in a 43-year-old man who suffered from repeated bouts of abdominal pain. At multidetector CT, we noticed whirling of the cystic mesenteric mass and the adjacent small bowel around the superior mesenteric artery.

Comprehensive reviews of the interfascial plane of the retroperitoneum: normal anatomy and pathologic entities.

The retroperitoneum is conventionally divided into three distinct compartments: posterior pararenal space, anterior pararenal space, and perirenal space, bounded by the posterior parietal peritoneum, transversalis fascia, and perirenal fascia. But more recent work has demonstrated that the perirenal fascia is not made up of distinct unilaminated fascia, but a single multilaminated structure with potential space. These potential spaces are represented by retromesenteric plane, retrorenal plane, lateral conal plane, and combined fascial plane.

Transitional cell tumor of the ovary: computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging features with pathological correlation.

Objective: To describe computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of transitional cell tumors, including newly established transitional cell carcinoma, according to tumor type with pathological correlation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the CT and MR images of 22 patients with transitional cell tumors of ovary (14 benign Brenner, 2 borderline Brenner, 2 malignant Brenner, and 4 transitional cell carcinomas) for the following factors: size, location, configuration, signal intensity, staging, and accompanying ovarian tumors.

Results: Sixteen tumors were detected on CT or MRI (8 benign, 2 borderline, and 6 malignant tumors), and the mean size of measurable tumors was 8.