Publications by authors named "Young K Jung"
Background/aims: Besifovir (BSV) showed comparable antiviral activity superior safety profiles to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, no data are available regarding the antiviral efficacy and safety of BSV in patients with CHB who switched from long-term TDF to BSV. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of a 48-week BSV therapy in patients with CHB who switched from long-term TDF treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction And Objectives: The short-term mortality of severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) is high, but there are no effective treatments to improve short-term mortality other than corticosteroids. This study investigated the effects of adding rifaximin to standard treatment in patients with SAH.
Material And Methods: In this randomized controlled open-label trial, patients with SAH (Maddrey's discriminant function≥32) were randomized to the rifaximin or control group.
Baveno VII criteria (B7C) and Baveno VI criteria (B6C) have been widely used to estimate the risk of hepatic decompensation. However, the impact of age on these criteria warrants further investigation. The international, multicenter cohort study included 1138 patients with compensated cirrhosis (median follow-up of 40.
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- Deep learning models for medical image segmentation, particularly in CT images, face challenges such as high labeling costs and device variability affecting model performance.
- The study proposes a strategy using transfer learning with a limited number of manually labeled seed images to train a VNet segmentation model effectively.
- Results indicate that VNet outperforms traditional semi-automated tools and other deep learning models in muscle and liver segmentation, while also being more resilient to the issue of catastrophic forgetting during training.
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- A study explored the unclear relationship between diabetes and clinical outcomes in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis by analyzing data from 965 patients admitted due to acute decompensation from 2015 to 2019.* -
- Results showed that 23.6% of participants had diabetes, which correlated with increased risks for complications like hepatic encephalopathy and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Notably, the incidence of death or liver transplantation was higher among diabetic patients.* -
- The findings concluded that diabetes significantly increases the risk of death or liver transplantation in these patients, leading to poorer health outcomes over time.*
Article Synopsis
- * 204 patients were randomly assigned to either OPT or TPT, with quality indicators and procedure tolerability measured, including adenoma detection rates and pain scores.
- * Results showed that while adenoma detection rates were similar, TPT patients reported less pain and endoscopists experienced less fatigue, indicating TPT could enhance patient comfort and provider conditions without sacrificing performance.
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- Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial for the body's defense against viruses and tumors, especially in the liver, and their dysfunction is linked to chronic liver diseases (CLDs) like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatitis.
- Changes in NK cell numbers and activities are associated with the progression of liver issues and contribute to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly during chronic hepatitis B and C infections.
- The review evaluates recent findings on the role of NK cells in CLDs and HCC, highlighting the potential of targeting the MICA/B-NKG2D pathway in immunotherapy to improve immune responses against liver cancer.
Background And Aim: The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) is a reliable prognostic tool for short-term outcome prediction in patients with end-stage liver disease. MELD 3.0 was introduced to enhance the predictive accuracy.
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- The study explores how environmental stress, specifically continuous light exposure, impacts gut function and causes stress-induced constipation in zebrafish larvae.
- Researchers found that prolonged light exposure led to increased cortisol levels, reduced intestinal motility, and heightened inflammation, establishing a model for stress-induced constipation.
- Probiotics were shown to effectively alleviate these symptoms by lowering cortisol levels, reducing inflammation, and restoring gut motility, emphasizing their potential role in managing gut health under stress.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated a modified version of the quick sequential organ failure assessment (m-qSOFA) to identify high-risk patients with deteriorating chronic liver disease, particularly those with acute-on-chronic liver failure.
- Patients with a high m-qSOFA score had significantly lower transplant-free survival rates and higher organ failure development compared to those with low scores across two different cohorts.
- The findings suggest that both initial m-qSOFA scores and changes over time can help predict the risk of organ failure and short-term mortality in patients with acute deterioration of liver disease.
No information is available regarding the influence of besifovir (BSV), a new nucleotide analogue, on the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study evaluated the reduced risk of HCC in patients undergoing BSV treatment. A total of 188 patients with CHB were treated with BSV for up to 8 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aims: : Besifovir dipivoxil maleate (BSV) and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) have been recently approved in Korea as the initial antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, the real-world outcome data for these drugs remain limited. Therefore, we conducted a noninferiority analysis using real-world data to compare the clinical outcomes of the two nucleotide analogs in treatment-naïve patients with CHB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: Few studies have investigated the prognosis of patients with non-severe alcoholic hepatitis (Non-SAH). The study aimed to develop a new prognostic model for patients with especially Non-SAH.
Methods: We extracted 316 hospitalized patients with alcoholic cirrhosis without severe alcoholic hepatitis, defined as Maddrey's discriminant function score lower than 32, from the retrospective Korean Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (KACLiF) cohort to develop a new prognostic model (training set), and validated it in 419 patients from the prospective KACLiF cohort (validation set).
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the effectiveness of abdominal ultrasonography (USG) as a screening tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk groups in South Korea.
- Data was gathered from 8,512 USG examinations conducted by experienced hepatologists and radiologists in 2017, showing a very low HCC detection rate of only 0.3%.
- Findings suggest that patient-related factors like age and liver condition significantly impact HCC detection rates, highlighting the need for improved quality measures in USG procedures.
Background And Aim: Antiviral therapy (AVT) is the mainstay of hepatitis B virus (HBV) management. We investigated whether AVT improves the outcomes of HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis and undetectable HBV-DNA.
Methods: Between 2000 and 2017, treatment-naïve patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis and undetectable HBV-DNA were recruited from two tertiary hospitals.
Uncontrolled chronic inflammation and necrosis is characteristic of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to investigate the effect of necrosis inhibitor (NI, NecroX-7) on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced chronic colitis model of mice. DSS was administered on days 1-5, and the NI was administered intraperitoneally (3 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg) on days 1, 3, and 5 as well as every other day during the first five days of a three-week cycle.
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- Serum asialo α1-acid glycoprotein (AsAGP) is identified as a specific biomarker for liver fibrosis, aimed at assessing liver health in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).
- The study involved 206 participants evaluating serum AsAGP levels, which were significantly elevated in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) compared to healthy controls and those with CHB alone.
- The results indicate that AsAGP levels positively correlate with liver stiffness, showcasing its potential diagnostic value for determining fibrosis severity and differentiating between CHB and LC.
Introduction: For the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin were used as first-line agents. However, considering the increasing rate of antibiotic resistance, it is unclear which of these drugs can be initially recommended. This study aimed to compare the current efficacy of the 3 antibiotics, namely cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin, for the treatment of SBP in patients with cirrhosis with ascites, when guided by therapeutic responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredicting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a key clinical issue in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The aim of this study was to develop a precise and simple HCC risk score for up to 10 years. A total of 1895 CHB patients treated with entecavir or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate were retrospectively recruited and randomized into derivation ( = 1239) and validation cohorts ( = 656).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aims: Sarcopenia negatively affects the prognosis of cirrhotic patients, but clinical implications of changes in muscle mass remain unclear. We aimed to elucidate its role in the prognosis of outpatients with cirrhosis.
Methods: Patients with cirrhosis who underwent annual abdominal computed tomography (CT) for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance were included in the prospective cohort.
Introduction: In patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD), the invasive measurement of hepatic venous pressure gradient is the best predictor of hepatic decompensation. This study aimed at developing an alternative risk prediction model to provide a decompensation risk assessment in cACLD.
Methods: Patients with cACLD were retrospectively included from 9 international centers within the Portal Hypertension Alliance in China (CHESS) network.
Background/aims: We retrospectively compared the effect of endoscopic variceal obturation (EVO) and retrograde transvenous obliteration (RTO) in acute cardiofundal variceal bleeding.
Methods: Patients with acute cardiofundal variceal bleeding treated with EVO or RTO at two hospitals were included.
Results: Ninety patients treated with EVO and 86 treated with RTO were analyzed.