Publications by authors named "Young Joo Jin"
Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk persists in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) despite antiviral therapy. The relationship between pre-treatment baseline hepatitis B virus (HBV) viral load and HCC risk during antiviral treatment remains uncertain.
Methods: This multinational cohort study aimed to investigate the association between baseline HBV viral load and on-treatment HCC risk in 20,826 noncirrhotic, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive and HBeAg-negative patients with baseline HBV DNA levels ≥2000 IU/mL (3.
Backgrounds/aims: This meta-analysis examined whether preoperative vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) can predict postoperative complications and recurrence in patients undergoing hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using Ovid-Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, and KoreaMed databases. Out of 431 individual studies, thirteen published between 2008 and 2022 were included.
Background/aims: Opinions differ regarding vibration-controlled transient elastography and magnetic resonance elastography (VCTE/MRE) cut-offs for diagnosing advanced fibrosis (AF) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the diagnostic performance and optimal cut-off values of VCTE and MRE for diagnosing AF.
Methods: Literature databases, including Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and KoreaMed, were used to identify relevant studies published up to June 13, 2023.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates the effectiveness of vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) in diagnosing liver fibrosis in autoimmune liver diseases like primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).
- A meta-analysis of 14 studies involving 1,098 patients showed that VCTE performs well for fibrosis staging, with strong area under the curve (sAUC) values for different stages of fibrosis across all three diseases.
- The findings suggest that VCTE is a reliable non-invasive tool for assessing and monitoring liver fibrosis in patients with autoimmune liver diseases.
Article Synopsis
- Despite advancements in hepatitis C therapy, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can still occur after patients achieve sustained viral response (SVR), prompting a study on the predictive capabilities of vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) and fibrosis 4-index (FIB-4) for HCC development post-SVR.
- The meta-analysis included 27 studies with a total of 169,911 patients, assessing the tests' performance in predicting HCC using pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC).
- The results indicated that both VCTE and FIB-4 have good predictive capabilities for HCC development after SVR, with optimal cut-off values identified for risk assessment, highlighting
Article Synopsis
- Researchers aimed to determine the prevalence of clinically significant liver fibrosis in the general population using noninvasive tests (NITs).
- They analyzed data from four major databases and included 45 studies, finding the prevalence rates of advanced liver fibrosis to be 2.3% and significant liver fibrosis to be 7.3%.
- The highest prevalence rates were observed in the American region, indicating a need for further research to identify at-risk individuals in the general population.
Article Synopsis
- - The Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) is a noninvasive test used to assess advanced liver fibrosis (AF) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), though its effectiveness in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is debated due to high AF rates in this group.
- - A meta-analysis of 12 studies involving 5,624 NAFLD patients with T2DM revealed that FIB-4 has moderate sensitivity and specificity, particularly showing better performance at high cutoffs (high specificity but lower sensitivity).
- - While FIB-4 can be useful for diagnosing AF, the current evidence is limited and varied, suggesting a need for more research to
Backgrounds/aims: Accurate diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is crucial when determining whether to initiate antiviral treatment (AVT). We conduct a meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic performance of vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) for significant liver fibrosis in AVT-naïve CHB patients with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels within 5-fold the upper limit of normal (ULN).
Methods: The Ovid-Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, and KoreaMed databases were searched to identify studies that compared the performance of VCTE and liver biopsy (reference standard) when diagnosing significant liver fibrosis (≥F2) in AVT-naïve CHB patients with ALT within 5-fold the ULN.
Backgrounds/aims: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) can assess fibrotic burden in chronic liver diseases. The systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether LSM using VCTE can predict the risk of development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.
Methods: A systematic literature search of the Ovid-Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, and KoreaMed databases (from January 2010 to June 2023) was conducted.
Article Synopsis
- A study explored the unclear relationship between diabetes and clinical outcomes in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis by analyzing data from 965 patients admitted due to acute decompensation from 2015 to 2019.* -
- Results showed that 23.6% of participants had diabetes, which correlated with increased risks for complications like hepatic encephalopathy and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Notably, the incidence of death or liver transplantation was higher among diabetic patients.* -
- The findings concluded that diabetes significantly increases the risk of death or liver transplantation in these patients, leading to poorer health outcomes over time.*
Background And Aim: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the standard modalities used to treat unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the effectiveness of TACE for treating patients with a solitary small (≤3 cm) HCC and well-preserved liver function has not been definitively established. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic impact of TACE in patients with these characteristics.
Methods: This multicenter (four university hospitals) retrospective cohort study analyzed the medical records of 250 patients with a solitary small (≤3 cm) HCC and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class A liver function diagnosed over 10 years.
Article Synopsis
- A study aimed to validate the link between baseline HBV viral load and the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in adults with chronic hepatitis B and without cirrhosis.
- The analysis involved 7,545 patients from Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, and showed that 2.6% (200 patients) developed HCC during an average of 4.28 years of antiviral treatment.
- The findings indicated that higher baseline HBV viral loads (≥8.00 log 10 IU/mL) were associated with the lowest risk of HCC, while lower viral loads increased the risk significantly.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on the prognosis of cirrhotic patients following their first acute decompensation (AD) episode, categorizing outcomes into four groups: stable decompensated cirrhosis (SDC), unstable decompensated cirrhosis (UDC), pre acute-on-chronic liver failure (pre ACLF), and ACLF.
- The research involved a cohort of 746 patients and identified risk factors for readmission after AD, revealing that pre ACLF has a worse prognosis than ACLF despite occurring later.
- Factors such as non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy significantly increase readmission risk, with viral causes linked to poorer outcomes compared to alcohol-related cases.
Article Synopsis
- Treatment decisions for hepatocellular carcinoma often differ from recommendations by established staging systems, highlighting the need for improved methods.
- A machine learning-based clinical decision support system was developed using data from nine South Korean institutions, aiming to enhance initial treatment recommendations and post-treatment survival predictions.
- The system demonstrated an accuracy of 67.27% for treatment recommendations, which improved to 87.27% when considering a second treatment option, and effectively predicts patient survival outcomes based on clinical data.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a very poor prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of < 20%; hence, early diagnosis is crucial. Despite regular checkups for high-risk groups of HCC, there are a few cases in which it is discovered as a late-stage HCC. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the characteristics of patients with delayed HCC detection during regular surveillance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is reportedly superior or at least comparable to entecavir (ETV) in preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients; however, it remains controversial. This study aimed to conduct comprehensive comparisons between the two antivirals. CHB patients initially treated with ETV or TDF between 2012 and 2015 at 20 referral centers in Korea were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is reportedly superior or at least comparable to entecavir (ETV) for the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B; however, it has distinct long-term renal and bone toxicities. This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning model (designated as Prediction of Liver cancer using Artificial intelligence-driven model for Network-antiviral Selection for hepatitis B [PLAN-S]) to predict an individualized risk of HCC during ETV or TDF therapy.
Methods: This multinational study included 13,970 patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Background And Aims: This study aimed to compare the long-term cumulative recurrence rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and prognosis after curative resection for HCC in noncirrhotic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) versus hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 791 patients without recurrence within 1 year after curative resection for HCC from January 2005 to December 2015. Of these, 63 and 728 were NAFLD and HBV patients without cirrhosis, respectively.
Background & Aims: The comparative risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) vs. entecavir (ETV) remains controversial. In this individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis, we aimed to compare HCC risk between the two drugs and identify subgroups who may benefit more from one treatment than the other.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhile patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) continue to increase worldwide, few hematological biomarkers are helpful. This study examined the potential of small dense low density lipoprotein (sdLDL) as a noninvasive biomarker for NAFLD and investigated the relevance of liver fibrosis. One hundred seventy two patients were enrolled: 121 NAFLD patients and 51 healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The platelet-to-white blood cell ratio (PWR) is a hematologic marker of the systemic inflammatory response. Recently, the PWR was revealed to have a role as an independent prognostic factor for mortality in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic failure (ACLF) and HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC) with acute decompensation (AD). However, the prognostic role of the PWR still needs to be investigated in LC patients with AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic hepatitis B (CHB) seriously threatens human health. About 820,000 deaths annually are due to related complications such as hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, the use of oral antiviral agents has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with CHB infection and reduced the risk of HCC.
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