Clinical utility of smartphone applications for sleep physicians.

Purpose: To review various smartphone applications (apps) for sleep architecture and screening of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to outline their utility for sleep physicians.

Methods: Mobile application stores (Google Play and Apple iOS App Store) were searched for sleep analysis applications (apps) that are targeted for consumer use. Apps were identified by two independent investigators for apps published through July 2022.

Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Eyelid: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) of the eyelid is a rare, aggressive malignancy associated with high rates of recurrence, metastasis, and tumor-related mortality.

Objective: Provide a collective analysis of clinical presentations, management techniques, and outcomes, and compare outcomes of common treatment methods.

Methods And Materials: Observational studies reporting management and outcomes of SC of the eyelid were included.

Presentation and management of type 1 laryngeal clefts: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes of injection laryngoplasty (IL) and endoscopic surgical repair for the treatment of type 1 laryngeal clefts (LC1) and to determine the most common presentations of LC1.

Methods: Primary studies were searched for in PubMed, Scopus, OVID, and Cochrane Library using search terms laryngeal cleft and laryngotracheoesophageal cleft for articles published from database inception through August 2019. The search identified all articles pertaining to the symptomatology and management of LC1.

The Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is common and has been reported as an early indicator of COVID-19. However, the reported prevalence of OD in the general population varies widely depending upon the metric used to assess olfaction. To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of OD in the healthy general population, review the various assessment metrics used, and compare pooled OD prevalence rates.

Necrotizing Otitis Externa: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Changing Trends.

Objective: To assess for changes in trends of the disease process, management, and outcomes of necrotizing otitis externa (NOE) over the last decade.

Data Sources: Articles in English, published between January 2011 and June 2019, were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Database.

Study Selection: Inclusion criteria: 1) reported evidence of NOE, 2) details on patient demographic and underlying medical disorder, 3) details on treatments, 4) documented outcomes, and 5) greater than 10 cases.

Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the treatment efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Data Sources: Primary studies were identified though PubMed, Scopus, OVID, and Cochrane Library.

Review Methods: Systematic review was conducted by querying databases for articles published through July 2019.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in malignant otitis externa: A systematic review of the literature.

Objective: To review the role of adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the treatment of malignant otitis externa (MOE).

Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library were searched for the following concepts: "hyperbaric oxygen" and "malignant or necrotizing otitis externa."

Methods: Studies were included if they contained (1) patients with reported evidence of MOE, (2) employment of adjuvant HBOT, (3) details on patients' medical condition, and (4) documented survival outcomes.

Transoral Robotic Surgery versus Plasma Ablation for Tongue Base Reduction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Meta-analysis.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) versus plasma ablation (PA) in tongue base reduction surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, OVID.

Review Methods: Keywords searched included OSA, tongue base surgery, TORS, and coblation.

Continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus injection of propofol during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Background/aims: It is unclear whether continuous infusion or intermittent bolus injection of propofol is better for achieving adequate sedation in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of continuous infusion and intermittent bolus injection of propofol during therapeutic ERCP.

Methods: In this prospective study, we randomly assigned 232 patients undergoing therapeutic ERCP to either continuous infusion (CI group, n = 113) or intermittent bolus injection (BI group, n = 119) of propofol.

Treatment of Vestibular Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of the various therapies used for the prevention of vestibular migraine (VM).

Methods: Primary studies were identified though PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library by two independent investigators for articles published through April 2019. The search identified randomized comparison or observational studies pertaining to vestibular migraine treatment.

Endonasal endoscopic surgery for pediatric anterior cranial fossa encephaloceles: A systematic review.

Background: Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery (ESBS) is a well-established management strategy for anterior cranial fossa (ACF) encephaloceles in adults. However, its application to the pediatric population has not been evaluated in large-scale studies. This study systematically reviews the safety of ESBS for pediatric ACF encephaloceles.

Risk of Clostridium difficile Infection with the Use of a Proton Pump Inhibitor for Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients.

Background/aims: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) are commonly prescribed for stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in critically ill patients. Several studies have suggested that the use of PPIs is a potential risk factor for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). We compared the incidences of CDI in the PPI group and H2RA group for SUP in critically ill patients.

A case of chronic myeloid leukemia with features of essential thrombocythemia in peripheral blood and bone marrow.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by overproduction of myeloid white blood cells. Philadelphia chromosome is an essential finding for CML diagnosis. Generally, a clinical diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia (ET) can be established from isolated marked thrombocytosis in peripheral blood.