Is a Camera-Type Portable X-Ray Device Clinically Feasible in Chest Imaging?: Image Quality Comparison with Chest Radiographs Taken with Traditional Mobile Digital X-Ray Devices.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the image quality of chest radiographs obtained using a camera-type portable X-ray device is appropriate for clinical practice by comparing them with traditional mobile digital X-ray devices.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-six patients who visited our emergency department and underwent endotracheal intubation, central venous catheterization, or nasogastric tube insertion were included in the study. Two radiologists scored images captured with traditional mobile devices before insertion and those captured with camera-type devices after insertion.

Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Fatty Liver Diseases in Gastric Cancer Survivors: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background/aims: To investigate the risk of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver diseases in gastric cancer survivors compared to non-cancer subjects.

Methods: The data from the health screening registry of the Gangnam Severance Hospital from 2014-2019 was used. Ninety-one gastric cancer survivors and a propensity-score-matching 445 non-cancer subjects were analyzed.

A Machine Learning-Based Study of the Effects of Air Pollution and Weather in Respiratory Disease Patients Visiting Emergency Departments.

Background: To date, investigating respiratory disease patients visiting the emergency departments related with fined dust is limited. This study aimed to analyze the effects of two variable-weather and air pollution on respiratory disease patients who visited emergency departments.

Methods: This study utilized the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) database.

Analysis of polymorphonuclear cell apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines in trauma patients in the emergency department.

Introduction: Durring the immune-inflammation cascade in trauma patients, the roles of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and inflammatory cytokines are very important; however, there is little research in this area, especially for patients with multiple traumas. This study aimed to determine the effects of inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis of PMNs on the prognosis of patients with multiple traumas in tertiary medical centers.

Materials And Methods: The study subjects were patients with multiple severe traumas who had visited the emergency department.

Surge Capacity and Mass Casualty Incidents Preparedness of Emergency Departments in a Metropolitan City: a Regional Survey Study.

Background: Emergency departments (EDs) generally receive many casualties in disaster or mass casualty incidents (MCI). Some studies have conceptually suggested the surge capacity that ED should have; however, only few studies have investigated measurable numbers in one community. This study investigated the surge capacity of the specific number of accommodatable patients and overall preparedness at EDs in a metropolitan city.

IL-17A-producing sinonasal MAIT cells in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Diverse immune cells contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), an inflammatory disease of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. However, whether mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are present in human sinonasal tissues remains unclear. Furthermore, the characteristics of sinonasal MAIT cells have not been studied in patients with CRS.

Analysis of the Adequacy of Prehospital Emergency Medical Services Use of Patients Who Visited Emergency Departments in Korea from 2016 to 2018: Data from the National Emergency Department Information System.

Introduction: Proper ambulance use is important not only due to the patient's transport quality but also because of the need for efficient use of limited resources allotted by the system. Therefore, this study was conducted to check for overuse or underuse of the ambulance system by patients who visited the emergency department (ED).

Methods: In this study, a secondary data analysis was conducted using the existing database of the National Emergency Department Information System with all patients who visited EDs over the three-year study period from 2016 to 2018.

Association between the body mass index and outcomes of patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a prospective multicentre registry study.

Background: The effects of the body mass index (BMI) on outcomes of patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest are controversial. Therefore, the current study investigated the association between the BMI and the favourable neurologic outcomes and survival to discharge of patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods: This multicentre, prospective, nationwide OHCA registry-based study was conducted using data from the Korean Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Consortium (KoCARC).

Assessing the severity of pulmonary embolism among patients in the emergency department: Utility of RV/LV diameter ratio.

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a major cause of death from cardiovascular disease. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction (RVD) caused by APE is closely related to a poor outcome. Early risk stratification of APE is a vital step in prognostic assessment.

Successful resuscitation of refractory ventricular fibrillation with double sequence defibrillation.

In cardiac arrest, if the initial rhythm is ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia, the survival rates are high and good neurologic outcomes are expected. However, the mortality rate increases when refractory ventricular fibrillation (RVF) occurs. We report a case of RVF that was successfully resuscitated with double sequence defibrillation (DSD).

Comparison of traumatic brain injury patients with brain computed tomography in the emergency department by age group.

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important public health concern due to its high prevalence and mortality rate among young people. We investigated the clinical and social characteristics of patients who visited the emergency department due to TBI in whom brain computed tomography, was performed by age.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 15,567 TBI patients who received a brain computed tomography evaluation at the emergency department of Korea University Hospital from March 2013 to February 2016.

Effects of povidone-iodine composite on the elimination of bacterial biofilm.

Background: Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) is well known as an antiseptic and exhibits extensive activity against various pathogens. However, due to its uniquely unpleasant nature, it cannot be used locally to deactivate various sinonasal pathogens. Therefore, we developed a PVP-I composite that blocks the unpleasant odor of PVP-I for use as a local antiseptic in the sinonasal cavity and evaluated its effect on bacterial biofilm's formation and elimination in in vivo and in vitro models.

Altered Mitochondrial Functions and Morphologies in Epithelial Cells Are Associated With Pathogenesis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.

Purpose: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a complex inflammatory disease of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa. The disease is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, structural changes in the mitochondria, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. This study investigated whether there are functional and morphological changes in the mitochondria in the epithelial cells of nasal polyps (NPs) and enterotoxin B (SEB)-stimulated nasal epithelial cells.

Cochlear Implantation in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: Surgical Outcomes and a Management Algorithm.

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) was considered as a contraindication of cochlear implantation (CI) in the past. Recently, various surgical options have been adopted for CI in CSOM patients with showing a low complication rate.

Objectives: To evaluate surgical outcomes of CI in patients with CSOM and to propose a management algorithm for those patients.

Chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia surrounding diffuse-type gastric cancer: Are they just bystanders in the process of carcinogenesis?

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is categorized as diffuse- and intestinal-type adenocarcinoma. Intestinal-type GC is associated with chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis (AG), and intestinal metaplasia (IM), precursors of dysplastic changes. Diffuse-type GC is generally known to undergo de novo carcinogenesis and is not associated with chronic mucosal changes.

Clinical Value of Whole Blood Procalcitonin Using Point of Care Testing, Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score, C-Reactive Protein and Lactate in Emergency Department Patients with Suspected Infection.

We investigated the clinical value of whole blood procalcitonin using point of care testing, quick sequential organ failure assessment score, C-reactive protein and lactate in emergency department patients with suspected infection and assessed the accuracy of the whole blood procalcitonin test by point-of-care testing. Participants were randomly selected from emergency department patients who complained of a febrile sense, had suspected infection and underwent serum procalcitonin testing. Whole blood procalcitonin levels by point-of-care testing were compared with serum procalcitonin test results from the laboratory.

Lactate normalization within 6 hours of bundle therapy and 24 hours of delayed achievement were associated with 28-day mortality in septic shock patients.

This study evaluated the prognostic ability of lactate normalization achieved within 6 and 24 h from septic shock recognition. Data from a septic shock registry from October 2015 to February 2017 were reviewed. The study included 2,102 eligible septic shock patients to analyze the prognostic ability of lactate normalization, defined as a follow-up lactate level <2 mmol/L within six hours of bundle therapy and within 24 hours of delayed normalization.

Posteroinferior septal defect due to vomeral malformation.

Purpose: Vomeral malformation may lead to a posteroinferior septal defect (PISD). It is usually found incidentally, without any characteristic symptoms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its clinical implications.

Efficacy of three proton-pump inhibitor therapeutic strategies on laryngopharyngeal reflux disease; a prospective randomized double-blind study.

Objectives: Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) prescribing practices in laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPR) differ among physicians. We assessed the improvement in reflux symptom index (RSI) and reflux finding score (RFS) after treating LPR with three different regimens.

Design: A prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial.

Nasality Changes With Age in Normal Korean-Speaking Adults.

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effects of aging on nasality and the influence of age-related changes in nasal cavity volume and nasal patency on nasality.

Methods: A total of 180 healthy Korean-speaking adult volunteers, who had no nasal or voice-related complaints, were enrolled in this study. Nasometry, acoustic rhinometry, and rhinomanometry were performed to obtain the nasalance score, nasal cavity volume, and nasal resistance, respectively.

Analysis of Patients with Acute Toxic Exposure between 2009 and 2013: Data from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service and the National Emergency Department Information System.

Background: According to domestic studies, patients visiting the emergency departments (ED) with acute toxic exposure comprise 0.68%-5.5% of all ED patients, with various causes and motives.

Toll-like receptor 9 ligands increase type I interferon induced B-cell activating factor expression in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.

B-cell activating factor (BAFF) has been proposed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of toll-like receptor (TLR) 9-mediated BAFF activation on the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. NP and uncinate tissue (UT) were obtained from patients with CRSwNP or CRS without NP, and control subjects.

Role of Toll-like receptor 9 signaling on activation of nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts and its association with nasal polypogenesis.

Background: Nasal polyposis is characterized by persistent inflammation and remodeling in sinonasal mucosa. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is a DNA receptor of the innate immune system that plays a pivotal role in fibrosis and inflammatory responses. The aim of this study is to explore the expression, activity, and potential pathogenic role of TLR9 signaling in tissue remodeling in nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts (NPDFs).