Electrochemically Assembled CuO Nanoparticles Using Crystallographically Anisotropic Functional Metal Ions and Highly Expeditious Resistive Switching via Nanoparticle Coarsening.

We have developed an artificially controllable strategy of an electrodeposition process adequate for resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) applications of binary CuO. Typically, the precise control of OH ion concentration (the intermediate supplier of oxygen ions) at the electrode's surface decides the overall reaction rate of the CuO. Here, the suggested Pb and Sb metal additives preferentially contribute to the consumption of OH ions and the supply of OH ions, respectively, during the CuO electrochemical reaction so that the final products are the (200) preferential quadrangular pyramids and the (111) preferential triangular pyramids.

Toward Robust Photoelectrochemical Operation of Cuprous Oxide Nanowire Photocathodes Using a Strategically Designed Solution-Processed Titanium Oxide Passivation Coating.

To date, TiO films prepared by atomic layer deposition are widely used to prepare CuO nanowire (NW)-based photocathodes with photoelectrochemical (PEC) durability as this approach enables conformal coating and furnishes chemical robustness. However, this common approach requires complicated interlayers and makes the fabrication of photocathodes with reproducible performance and long-term stability difficult. Although sol-gel-based approaches have been well established for coating surfaces with oxide thin films, these techniques have rarely been studied for oxide passivation in PEC applications, because the sol-gel coating methods are strongly influenced by surface chemical bonding and have been mainly demonstrated on flat substrates.

Two-point discrimination of the upper extremities of healthy Koreans in their 20's.

[Purpose] The present study attempted to measure two-point discrimination in the upper extremities of healthy Koreans in their 20's. [Subjects and Methods] Using a three-point esthesiometer, we conducted an experiment with a group of 256 college students (128 male and 128 female), attending N University in Chonan, Republic of Korea. [Results] Females showed two-point discrimination at a shorter distance than males at the following points: (i) 5 cm above the elbow joint, the middle part, and 5 cm below the shoulder joint of the anterior upper arm; (ii) 5 cm above the elbow joint and 5 cm below the shoulder joint of the posterior upper arm; (iii) 5 cm above the front of the wrist joint of the forearm; 5 cm below the elbow joint, the palmar part of the distal interphalangeal joint of the thumb, the dorsal part of the distal interphalangeal joint of the middle and little fingers.