Guilty, Innocent, or Just Not Proven? Bayesian Verdicts in the Case of Inhibitory Deficits.

: This study addresses two issues: Whether age-related differences in working memory (WM) can be studied in online samples, and whether such differences reflect an inhibitory deficit. Currently, the evidence is mixed, but the playing field was not level because traditional statistics cannot provide evidence for the null hypothesis.: MTurk workers (ages 19-74) performed simple and complex visuospatial WM tasks to determine whether a secondary task affected the rate of age-related decline.

When people's judgments of learning (JOLs) are extremely accurate at predicting subsequent recall: the "Displaced-JOL effect".

Judgments of learning (JOL) made after a delay more accurately predict subsequent recall than JOLs made immediately after learning. One explanation is that delayed JOLs involve retrieving information about the target item from secondary memory, whereas immediate JOLs involve retrieval from primary memory. One view of working memory claims that information in primary memory is displaced to secondary memory when attention is shifted to a secondary task.