Radiation therapy prior to a pancreaticoduodenectomy for adenocarcinoma is associated with longer operative times and higher blood loss.

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. In patients with "borderline resectable" disease, current National Comprehensive Cancer Center guidelines recommend the use of neoadjuvant chemoradiation prior to a pancreaticoduodenectomy. Although neoadjuvant radiotherapy may improve negative margin resection rate, it is theorized that its administration increases operative times and complexity.

Effect of bioaugmentation using Clostridium butyricum on the start-up and the performance of continuous biohydrogen production.

This study aimed to mitigate the instability in the start-up and continuous performance of dark fermentative biohydrogen production using heat-treated sludge by the addition of an exogenous H-producing strain. Continuous fermentation augmented with Clostridium butyricum showed the highest average biohydrogen production rate (HPR) as 50.35 ± 2.

Biohydrogen and biomethane production from food waste using a two-stage dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) system.

This study examined a two-stage dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) system for biohydrogen and biomethane production from food waste (FW) in mesophilic condition. The two-stage DMBR system enabled high-rate H and CH production from particulate feedstock by enhanced microorganism retention. Chemical energy in FW was recovered up to 79% as renewable energy.

High-rate biohydrogen production from xylose using a dynamic membrane bioreactor.

This study aimed a high-rate dark fermentative H production from xylose using a dynamic membrane module bioreactor (DMBR) with a 444-μm pore polyester mesh. 20 g xylose/L was fed continuously to the DMBR at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) from 12 to 3 h at 37 °C. The maximum average H yield (HY) and H production rate (HPR) at 3 h HRT were found to be 1.

Effect of genus Clostridium abundance on mixed-culture fermentation converting food waste into biohydrogen.

This study examined the effect of various inocula on mixed-culture dark fermentative H production from food waste. Heat-treated and frozen H-producing granular sludge (HPG) grown with monomeric sugars showed a higher H yield, production rate, and acidogenic efficiency along with a shorter lag phase than heat-treated methanogenic sludge. Among three different methods of methanogenic sludge inoculation, inoculation after centrifugation showed better H production performance.

Dynamic membrane bioreactor for high rate continuous biohydrogen production from algal biomass.

This study aimed to achieve continuous biohydrogen production from red algal biomass using a dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR). The DMBR was continuously fed with pretreated Echeuma spinosum containing 20 g/L hexose. The highest average hydrogen production rate (HPR) of 21.

High-rate mesophilic hydrogen production from food waste using hybrid immobilized microbiome.

This study examined the feasibility of dark fermentative biohydrogen production from food waste using hybrid immobilization in mesophilic condition. Among four different organic loading rates (OLRs), the highest average hydrogen production rate (HPR) of 9.82 ± 0.

Effect of shear velocity on dark fermentation for biohydrogen production using dynamic membrane.

This study examined the effect of shear velocity on biohydrogen producing dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) containing 50 µm polyester mesh as supporting material. Increase of shear velocity up to 6.75 m/h enhanced hydrogen production performance as well as biomass retention in both suspended and attached forms, while wash-out was found at a shear velocity of 11.

Formation of a dynamic membrane altered the microbial community and metabolic flux in fermentative hydrogen production.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship among dynamic membrane (DM) formation, metabolic flux, and microbial community population in dark fermentative hydrogen production. A continuously stirred tank reactor was equipped with an external submerged polyester screen mesh and inoculated with heat-treated anaerobic sludge without immobilization. DM was successfully developed on the polyester mesh and provided high-rate hydrogen production at 60.

Kinetic modeling and microbial community analysis for high-rate biohydrogen production using a dynamic membrane.

This study investigated the kinetic parameters of high-rate continuous performance and biofilm layer formation in a H-producing dynamic membrane bioreactor, composed of a continuously stirred tank reactor along with an external module containing polyester mesh with a pore size of 100 µm. A maximum H production rate of 48.9 L/L-day and hydrogen yield of 2.