Survival of Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Risk Group-Based Protocol Changes: A Single Center Experience with 460 Patients over a 20-Year Period.

Purpose: Recent treatments for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are founded on risk stratification. We examined the survival rates and prognostic factors of patients over a 20-year period at a single institution.

Materials And Methods: This study analyzed patients diagnosed with ALL and treated at the Pediatric Department of Samsung Medical Center (SMC).

The Effect of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation on Treatment Outcome in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Purpose: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been an important method of treatment in the advance of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The indications for HSCT are evolving and require updated establishment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of HSCT on the treatment outcome of pediatric ALL, considering the indications for HSCT and subgroups.

Complication Analysis in Korean Patients With Hemophilia A From 2007 to 2019: A Nationwide Study by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Database.

Background: There has been remarkable progress in hemophilia A (HA) treatment in Korea. Viral inactivation products were developed in 1989, use of recombinant factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates started in 2002, and prophylaxis expanded thereafter. This study was conducted to identify the changes in complications in HA before and after 1989 or 2002.

Changes in the Incidence of Immune Thrombocytopenia in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era: A Nationwide Observational Study in Korea.

Purpose: We investigated whether nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPI) to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was associated with a change in the incidence of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Patients And Methods: Using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Services (HIRA) database, individuals newly diagnosed with ITP between January 2015 and December 2020 were identified. The NPI period was defined as February 2020 to December 2020.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Totally Implantable Venous Access Device Infections in Pediatric Patients With Cancer: A Study of 25,954 Device-Days.

Background: Totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) are frequently used in pediatric patients with cancer owing to their multiple benefits. Despite occasional infections with TIVADs, knowledge of the incidence and risk factors is limited.

Methods: This retrospective study included pediatric patients with cancer who received TIVAD at Chungbuk National University Hospital from 2001 to 2021.

Management of immune thrombocytopenia: 2022 update of Korean experts recommendations.

Despite the availability of therapies to treat patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), there is currently little data from randomized trials to assist clinicians in managing patients. The evidence-based guidelines of the Korean Society of Hematology Aplastic Anemia Working Party (KSHAAWP) are intended to support patients and physicians in the management of ITP. Experts from the KSHAAWP discussed and described this guideline according to the current treatment situation for ITP in Korea and finalized the guidelines.

Epidemiology of Acute Leukemia among Children with Down Syndrome in Korea.

Purpose: Children with Down syndrome (DS) show a higher risk of acute leukemia than those without DS. In this study, we investigated the nationwide incidence of acute leukemia among children with DS and compared their epidemiologic characteristics with those of children with acute leukemia but without DS.

Materials And Methods: Using the National Health Insurance Service database, we selected patients with acute leukemia aged 0-19 years at diagnosis between 2007 and 2016.

Erratum: Correction of Affiliations in the Article "Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Children, Adolescents, and Young-adults with Hodgkin's Lymphoma: a KPHOG Lymphoma Working-party, Multicenter, Retrospective Study".

This corrects the article on p. e393 in vol. 35, PMID: 33258329.

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Children, Adolescents, and Young-adults with Hodgkin's Lymphoma: a KPHOG Lymphoma Working-party, Multicenter, Retrospective Study.

Background: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) constitutes 10%-20% of all malignant lymphomas and has a high cure rate (5-year survival, around 90%). Recently, interest has increased concerning preventing secondary complications (secondary cancer, endocrine disorders) in long-term survivors. We aimed to study the epidemiologic features and therapeutic outcomes of HL in children, adolescents, and young adults in Korea.

Safety and immune cell kinetics after donor natural killer cell infusion following haploidentical stem cell transplantation in children with recurrent neuroblastoma.

Introduction: Under the hypothesis that early natural killer cell infusion (NKI) following haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) will reduce relapse in the early post-transplant period, we conducted a pilot study to evaluate the safety and feasibility of NKI following haplo-SCT in children with recurrent neuroblastoma who failed previous tandem high-dose chemotherapy and autologous SCT.

Methods: We used the high-dose 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine and cyclophosphamide/fludarabine/anti-thymocyte globulin regimen for conditioning and infused 3 × 107/kg of ex-vivo expanded NK cells derived from a haploidentical parent donor on days 2, 9, and 16 post-transplant. Interleukin-2 was administered (1 × 106 IU/m2/day) subcutaneously to activate infused donor NK cells on days 2, 4, 6, 9, 11, 13, 16, 18, and 20 post-transplant.

Clinical similarities between influenza A and B in children: a single-center study, 2017/18 season, Korea.

Background: The global burden of seasonal influenza on medical care has been one of the greatest in the pediatric population. The attention drawn to influenza B was relatively low compared to influenza A, probably because the influenza B virus was thought to be less virulent and have a lower pandemic potential. This study aimed to compare the clinical features of influenza A and B in children.

Bochdalek hernia with Diamond-Blackfan anemia associated with RPS19 gene mutation: A case report.

Rationale: Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare inherited marrow disorder, characterized by erythrocyte aplasia and is associated with congenital anomalies and a susceptibility to cancer. Although congenital abnormalities have been observed in ∼50% of DBA patients, the occurrence of an associated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has rarely been reported.

Patient Concerns: A 19-month-old male child was referred to our pediatric hematology-oncology outpatient clinic with anemic appearance.

Changes in hepatitis B antibody status after chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Children with cancer may be at an increased risk of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) when levels of hepatitis B antibodies are reduced owing to chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression. This study evaluated the changes in HBV antibody status and HBV infections after chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Procedure: The data of patients with ALL diagnosed between April 2007 and March 2013 were retrospectively collected.

Copper deficiency-induced bicytopenia caused by poor compliance in a paediatric patient with chronic malnutrition: A case report.

A 12-year-old boy who underwent gastric wedge resection was transferred to our hospital because of vomiting, growth failure, and weight loss in January, 2016. We tried to restore his general condition by maintaining additional nutritional supply through peripheral parenteral nutrition (PN). However, continuous vomiting, weight loss, and superior mesenteric artery syndrome persisted because of low treatment compliance.

Unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pediatric de novo acute myeloid leukemia with intermediate- or high-risk cytogenetics.

The role of unrelated donor HSCT for children with de novo AML in CR1 is controversial. We performed this study to investigate the feasibility of unrelated donor HSCT who initially had intermediate- or high-risk cytogenetics. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with AML who received unrelated HSCT in CR1 at Samsung Medical Center between November 2001 and January 2012.

Erratum: Correction of Title: Impact of Day 14 Peripheral Blood Chimerism after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bone Transplantation on the Treatment Outcome of Non-Malignant Disease.

[This corrects the article e46 in vol. 34, PMID: 30787679.].

Impact of Day 14 Peripheral Blood Chimerism after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bone Transplantation on the Treatment Outcome of Non-Malignant Disease.

Background: The impact of early peripheral blood chimerism on the outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is unclear. We aimed to determine whether day 14 peripheral blood chimerism after allo-HSCT predicts outcomes in patients with non-malignant diseases.

Methods: Data from 56 patients who received allo-HSCT between April 2007 and March 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.

Splenic embolization for a giant splenic hemangioma in a child: a case report.

Background: Splenic hemangioma is the most common benign tumor of the spleen. However, it remains a rare medical condition in children. Although the natural course of splenic hemangioma is slow growth, treatment for large splenic hemangiomas has been recommended due to the risk of spontaneous rupture causing life-threating hemorrhage.

Correction to: Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies in Korea: Eleven-Year Experience in a Single Center.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in the 7th author's given name. The correct version is presented above.

Fatal case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with group B streptococcus sepsis: A case report.

Rationale: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by an excessive systemic inflammatory response. HLH is classified as primary or secondary, where the latter may occur in association with many infections. However, no case of HLH has been previously associated with group b streptococcus (GBS) sepsis.

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies in Korea: Eleven-Year Experience in a Single Center.

Purpose: We aimed to report our single-center experience of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), which has been the only curative option for certain patients with lethal primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs).

Methods: We summarized the results of HCT performed for patients with PIDs for 11 consecutive years from 2006 to 2016 at Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. Twenty-six patients with PIDs received HCT.

Excellent treatment outcomes in children younger than 18 months with stage 4 nonamplified neuroblastoma.

Purpose: Although the prognosis is generally good in patients with intermediate-risk neuroblastoma, no consensus has been reached on the ideal treatment regimen. This study analyzed treatment outcomes and toxicities in patients younger than 18 months with stage 4 nonamplified neuroblastoma.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 20 patients younger than 18 months newly diagnosed with stage 4 nonamplified neuroblastoma between January 2009 and December 2015.