Cysts and hematomas in the spine: Rare Entities.

Introduction: Intervertebral discs are part of the vertebral column and are considered the pads that help in cushioning and flexibility. These discs consist of nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and cartilage end plate and their major functions include spinal motion and loading. However, they are prone to numerous pathologies such as intradiscal hematoma and discal cyst formation that may significantly alter the biomechanics of the spine and hence the quality of life of the patient.

The cyclin-G associated kinase (GAK) is a novel mitotic kinase and therapeutic target in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma and the most frequently diagnosed hematologic malignancy in the United States. DLBCL exhibits significant molecular and clinical heterogeneity, and at least a third of patients are left uncured with standard frontline chemoimmunotherapy. As such, there is a critical need to identify novel targeted therapies to improve outcomes.

Concomitant Listeria monocytogenes and Streptococcus equinus brain abscess in an immunocompetent individual: a case report.

Background: Listeria monocytogenes brain abscess is a rare phenomenon that is common in immunocompromised patients. Streptococcus equinus brain abscess has never been reported in the literature to our knowledge. In this case report, we describe a case of brain abscess secondary to Listeria monocytogenes and Streptococcus equinus in an immunocompetent patient with transient low CD4 count.

An Incidental Finding of Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoma (MALToma) in a Sleeve Gastrectomy with Literature Review.

Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma can typically be identified as a mass lesion or nodularity endoscopically and macroscopically. We report an incidental finding of a gastric mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in a sleeve gastrectomy specimen with no gross examination findings.

Thoracic computerised tomography scans in one hundred eighteen orthopaedic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: identification of chest lesions; added values; help in managing patients; burden on the computerised tomography scan department.

Purpose: Based on the recent literature, chest computed tomography (CT) examination could aid for management of patients during COVID-19 pandemic. However, the role of chest CT in management of COVID-19 patients is not exactly the same for medical or surgical specialties. In orthopaedic or trauma emergency, abdomen, pelvis, cervical, dorsal, and lumbar spine CT are performed to investigate patients; the result is a thoracic CT scan incorporating usually the thorax; however, information about lung parenchyma can be obtained on this thorax CT, and manifestations of COVID-19 can be diagnosed.

Expression of estrogen receptor beta isoforms in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Limited studies have shown that some patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) may benefit from treatment with tamoxifen. PAC has been shown to be largely negative for estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha). The aim of this pilot study was to investigate ER-beta expression in human PAC.

Cervical Hyperextension Deformity After Sagittal Balance Correction in Patient with Congenital Limb-Girdle Myopathy: Surgical Technique and Review of Literature.

Background: There is no gold standard surgical treatment for cervical hyperextension deformity, especially in case of muscular dystrophy. Special considerations and caution should be taken as they carry a high risk of early mortality and spinal cord injury. Only a few case reports are available in the literature.

Post-exposure prophylaxis with isavuconazole after occupational exposure to .

Invasive mucormycosis is typically seen in patients with hematological malignancies, diabetes and other conditions that affect the immune system. However, locally invasive disease can also be seen in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts after trauma and direct inoculation. Since historically post-exposure prophylaxis with lipid-based amphotericin B compounds has not been feasible because of a high toxicity profile, there is no experience regarding the role of post-exposure prophylaxis after injuries contaminated with agents of mucormycosis.

CRM1/XPO1 expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma correlates with survivin expression and the proliferative activity.

CRM1/XPO1 (CRM1) is a nuclear export chaperone that mediates the export of proteins essential to growth regulation and tumor suppression. Its overexpression in tumors was found to be associated with poor prognosis. Selective inhibitors of nuclear export are in phase I and II clinical trials for several tumor types.

Candida glabrata spondylodiscitis: A case report.

Introduction: Spondylodiscitis is an infection in the intervertebral disc space and adjacent end plates. It can be attributed to bacteria, mycobacteria or fungi. As the number of immunosuppressed patients continues to grow, the incidence of developing fungal infections has become more frequent.

Placental Fetal Thrombotic Vasculopathy Occurring in Association with Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome: A Case Report.

Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) is a rare disease of functional obstruction affecting the bladder and intestines, characterized by a markedly distended bladder, microcolon, and decreased or absent intestinal peristalsis. Afflicted neonates have very poor prognosis, usually with fatal outcomes in first days to months of life. Placental fetal thrombotic vasculopathy (FTV) is a thrombo-occlusive disorder of the chorionic plate and fetal circulation.

TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcripts expression in patients referred for prostate biopsy: combining detection in urine and needle rinse material.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to combine urine and prostate biopsy rinse material (BRM) assays to increase sensitivity for fusion gene detection.

Patients And Methods: A total of 194 patients with suspicion of prostate cancer were prospectively included. Urine samples were collected before or after prostate biopsy, as well as BRM.

Surgical treatment of ruptured anterior circulation aneurysms: comparison of pterional and supraorbital keyhole approaches.

Background: Recent advancements in microsurgical techniques and instrumentation have allowed the development of the keyhole approach in aneurysm surgery.

Objective: To compare the safety, efficacy, and 1-year clinical outcome of supraorbital keyhole and standard pterional approaches for ruptured anterior circulation aneurysms.

Methods: A total of 87 patients underwent surgical clipping, 40 through the pterional and 47 through the supraorbital keyhole approach.

TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcripts in matched urine and needle rinse material after biopsy for the detection of prostate cancer.

Background: Current methods for detecting TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcript in the urine of patients with suspected prostate cancer lack diagnostic sensitivity. We combined urine and prostate biopsy rinse material (BRM) assays to improve the fusion gene detection rate.

Methods: Eighty patients with clinical and/or prostate-specific antigen suspicion of prostate cancer were prospectively included in the study.

[The contribution of imaging before, during, and after prostatectomy].

Before prostatectomy, imaging has a dual role: detecting cancer and staging it. During prostatectomy, imaging can guide the surgeon by localizing a probable zone of prostate extension that therefore contraindicates vessel and nerve preservation. After la prostatectomy, imaging can be useful to differentiate local recurrence and distant metastasis.

[Prostate MRI spectroscopy].

MRI spectroscopy is a non invasive method for detecting active metabolites used as markers. Chorine and citrate are used for analyzing prostate cancer. MRI spectroscopy combines morphologic imaging and metabolic cartography.

[MRI of prostate cancer].

Endorectal MRI, now a fast and reliable examination, is an essential part of the local work-up for prostate cancer, regardless of the treatment envisioned. MRI spectroscopy, an actively maturing technique, makes it possible to combine anatomical and metabolic information that can be used for detection, staging, and posttreatment follow-up of prostate cancer. In patients with repeated negative biopsies, spectroscopy and dynamic gadolinium injection will be able to detect atypical cancer sites that escape routine biopsies.

Negative prostatic biopsies in patients with a high risk of prostate cancer. Is the combination of endorectal MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) a useful tool? A preliminary study.

Objective: Repeated biopsies in patients with a high risk of prostate cancer only allow a small proportion of new cancer diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of combined MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) for these patients.

Methods: Between April 2003 and April 2004, 42 patients with negative multiple cores prostatic biopsies and serum PSA>4 ng/ml underwent a combined MRI/MRSI analysis.

Protein expression profiling of endometriosis: validation of 2-mm tissue microarrays.

Tissue microarrays (TMAs) are useful tools for studying protein expression in endometriosis. Tissue microarray analyses of immunohistochemical profiles of estrogen receptor-alpha and P receptor corroborate previously published results from the use of conventional immunohistochemistry, thus validating TMA use in endometriosis.

Differences in the compressive stress-strain response of infiltrating ductal carcinomas with and without lobular features--implications for mammography and elastography.

In a previous study, it was noted that in some cases when compressive strains greater than about 5% were applied to tumors removed from the breast, there was an abrupt and irreversible change in the tissue stiffness. The data from that study were further analyzed and infiltrating ductal carcinomas with and without lobular features were selected for additional testing to explore their behavior under compressive strains from 0-10%. Fresh tumor samples were tested using a servo-hydraulic Instron testing machine to apply ramp type displacement loads to the samples.

Should the cytologic diagnosis of "atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance" be qualified? An assessment including comparison between conventional and liquid-based technologies.

Background: The diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) remains an enigma for the treating physician, because it encompasses both benign, reactive, as well as preneoplastic and possibly neoplastic conditions. To address this problem, The Bethesda System recommends qualifying the ASCUS diagnosis. This study analyzes the difference in the follow-up results between the various groups of patients with an ASCUS diagnosis as outlined by the Criteria Committee: favor premalignant (ASCUS-P), favor reactive (ASCUS-R), and unqualified (ASCUS-C).

Estrogen receptor beta expression in invasive breast cancer.

The aim of this work was to determine the extent of estrogen receptor beta (ER-beta) expression in invasive breast cancer (BrCA) and whether ER-beta expression is correlated with response to adjuvant hormonal therapy with tamoxifen (AHTT). Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) for estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) and ER-beta was performed on sections of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue from 47 unselected invasive breast carcinomas (BrCA). IHC for ER-beta was also performed on sections of BrCA from 118 women who were treated with mastectomy and AHTT.

Overexpression of C/EBPbeta-LIP, a naturally occurring, dominant-negative transcription factor, in human breast cancer.

Background: When cells fail to maintain a balance between proliferation, terminal differentiation, and programmed cell death, cancer often results. The CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family of transcription factors regulates many genes involved in the processes of proliferation and terminal differentiation. The messenger RNA for C/EBPbeta is translated into two major isoforms, LAP (liver-enriched activating protein) and LIP (liver-enriched inhibitory protein).