Banks' credit risk, systematic determinants and specific factors: recent evidence from emerging markets.

Non-performing loans (NPLs, henceforth) represent the main challenge that jeopardizes the steadiness of the banking sector. The purpose of this study is to explore the main determinants of banks' non-performing loans in emerging markets. To better understand the hidden aspects of these determinants, the current research employs a panel approach and dynamic data estimates through Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) using data of 53 banks listed in five Middle East and North African (MENA) emerging markets between 2000 and 2019.