Dome-type carcinoma of the rectum mimicking a submucosal tumor: a case report and literature review.

Dome-type carcinoma (DC) has been recognized as a rare variant of adenocarcinoma, which arises in gut-associated lymphoid tissue. It has a specific morphologic feature of a dome-like protrusion associated with lymphoid tissue. We report a case of a DC of the rectum in an asymptomatic 58-year-old male.

Expression of Insulin-like Growth Factor II mRNA-binding Protein 3 in Gallbladder Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Emerging evidence suggests that Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) promotes tumor progression in several human malignancies. We investigated whether IMP3 expression has clinicopathological and prognostic significance in gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBAC).

Patients And Methods: We examined immunohistochemical IMP3 expression in 204 GBACs and its associations with clinicopathological parameters and patient outcomes.

Adenocarcinoma and Neuroendocrine Collision Tumor in a Giant Gastric Hyperplastic Polyp.

Screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy of a 65-year-old man revealed a 4.7-cm polypoid in the gastric high body. Clinical and laboratory findings, including serum gastrin level (460 pg/mL) and biopsy findings, were consistent with a diagnosis of type I neuroendocrine tumor (NET).

Standardized Pathology Report for Colorectal Cancer, 2nd Edition.

The first edition of the 'Standardized Pathology Report for Colorectal Cancer,' which was developed by the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group (GIP) of the Korean Society of Pathologists, was published 13 years ago. Meanwhile, there have been many changes in the pathologic diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), pathologic findings included in the pathology report, and immunohistochemical and molecular pathology required for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. In order to reflect these changes, we (GIP) decided to make the second edition of the report.

Tumor-specific Expression of Insulin-like Growth Factor II mRNA-binding Protein 3 Independently Predicts Worse Survival of Patients With Adenocarcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater.

Background/aim: Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) plays an important role in the adhesion, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells. Although emerging evidence suggests that IMP3 promotes tumor progression in several malignancies, the expression of IMP3 and its prognostic implication in adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater (AVAC) has not been clarified to date.

Materials And Methods: The IMP3 expression status in 87 AVAC tissues was examined using immunostaining, and its association with various clinicopathological features and outcome of patients with AVAC was investigated.

True cytomegalovirus colitis is a poor prognostic indicator in patients with ulcerative colitis flares: the 10-year experience of an academic referral inflammatory bowel disease center.

The impact of cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis on long-term outcomes of ulcerative colitis (UC) flares remains controversial. A total of 257 UC patients with moderate-to-severe flares were observed for a mean follow-up of 41.2 months.

Pancreatic High-Grade Neuroendocrine Neoplasms in the Korean Population: A Multicenter Study.

Purpose: The most recent 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) has refined the three-tiered 2010 scheme by separating grade 3 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (G3 PanNETs) from poorly differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas (PanNECs). However, differentiating between G3 Pan- NETs and PanNECs is difficult in clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-two surgically resected PanNENs were collected from 16 institutions and reclassified according to the 2017 WHO classification based on the histological features and proliferation index (mitosis and Ki-67).

Stromal p16 Overexpression in Gastric-type Mucinous Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix.

Background/aim: Gastric-type mucinous carcinoma (MC-G) of the uterine cervix displays distinct morphological features and an aggressive clinical course. The expression status of p16 in the stroma has not been investigated in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. Stromal p16 expression was evaluated in endocervical adenocarcinomas, including usual-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (UEA), intestinal-type mucinous carcinoma (MC-I), and MC-G.

Dynamic enhanced computed tomography imaging findings of an inflammatory fibroid polyp with massive fibrosis in the stomach.

Inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) is a rare benign lesion of the gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of computed tomography (CT) imaging finding of a gastric IFP with massive fibrosis. CT scans showed thickening of submucosal layer with overlying mucosal hyperenhancement in the gastric antrum.

Downregulation of osteoprotegerin expression in metastatic colorectal carcinoma predicts recurrent metastasis and poor prognosis.

We recently reported the downregulation of osteoprotegerin expression in primary colorectal carcinoma and its significant association with aggressive oncogenic behavior, which suggest that this process contributes to colorectal carcinoma development and progression. In this study, we used immunohistochemical staining to evaluate osteoprotegerin expression in 81 colorectal liver metastasis tissue samples and investigated its possible association with the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of patients with colorectal liver metastasis. These tissues exhibited significantly reduced expression of osteoprotegerin compared to primary colorectal carcinomas and normal colorectal mucosa.

A rare, low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (Pseudomyxoma peritonei) with ossification: A case report with morphoproteomic analysis of bone formation.

Heterotopic ossification occurring to low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) (pseudomyxoma peritonei) is extremely rare. The pathogenetic mechanism of the tumor-related heterotopic bone formation remains as yet unconfirmed. Here, we describe a rare case of LAMN with ossification in a 72-year-old woman, and concentrate on the etiology of heterotopic ossification by the immunohistochemical evaluation of the novel markers such as BMP9, osteocalcin, and osteopontin.

A Rare Colon Cancer with Ossification: Pathogenetic Analysis of Bone Formation.

Heterotopic ossification occurring in colon cancer is an exceedingly rare event. The pathogenetic mechanism of tumor-related heterotopic bone formation remains unclear. Herein, we describe a rare case of colon cancer with ossification in a 76-year-old woman.

Clinicopathological implications of in Ewing sarcoma.

The objective of the present study was to determine whether guanine nucleotide-binding protein α stimulating () gene expression correlates with pathognomonic signs by analyzing the mutations, methylation status and G-protein α subunit (G) expression of in Ewing sarcoma (ES). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 77 patients with primary ES were obtained in South Korea, Argentina and Brazil, and were studied via methylation chip assay and direct sequencing of the gene and immunohistochemical analysis of G. The mutation and methylation statuses of the gene were examined.

Prognostic value of ERG, PTEN, CRISP3 and SPINK1 in predicting biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer.

The established prognostic factors associated with prostatic adenocarcinoma are the Gleason score, pathological T staging and serum prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) level. However, these prognostic factors alone are not sufficient for predicting prognostic characteristics, including early stage or advanced prostate cancer, presence of metastasis or disease-related mortality. The purpose of the present study was to simultaneously evaluate the prognostic value and associations of four biomarkers, namely, transcriptional regulator ERG (ERG), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), cysteine-rich secretory protein 3 (CRISP3) and serine protease inhibitor Kazal type I (SPINK1), and to conduct risk stratification of prostate cancer for use in patient management.

EGFR, COX2, p-AKT expression and PIK3CA mutation in distal extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma.

Distal extrahepatic bile duct (EBD) carcinoma is a rare but highly aggressive malignant neoplasm. Some in vitro studies have shown that EGFR and PI3K-Akt pathway play an important role in the carcinogenesis of bile duct carcinoma. The aim of the present study is to investigate the expression of EGFR, p-AKT, and COX-2 and the mutation of PIK3CA in distal EBD carcinoma and evaluate the association with clinicopathological factors.

Down-regulation of osteoprotegerin expression as a novel biomarker for colorectal carcinoma.

A better understanding of tumor biology is important in the identification of molecules that are down-regulated in malignancy and in determining their role in tumor suppression. The aim of this study was to analyze osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and to investigate the underlying mechanism for changes in the expression of OPG. OPG expression was assessed in CRC tissue samples and cell lines.

Expression of tumoral FOXP3 in gastric adenocarcinoma is associated with favorable clinicopathological variables and related with Hippo pathway.

FOXP3 is a transcription factor and well-known hallmark of immune suppressive T regulatory cells (Tregs). Recent studies indicate that, in addition to its association with Treg function in the immune system, FOXP3 plays an important role in tumor development. And important tumor suppressor relay between the FOXP3 and Hippo pathways was found in human cancer.

Suppression of GLTSCR2 expression in renal cell carcinomas.

Nucleolar protein PICT-1/GLTSCR2 (GLTSCR2) has both tumor suppressive and oncogenic activities, depending on the types of cancer tissue and its expression level. The role of GLTSCR2 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not yet been addressed. The aims of this study were to evaluate GLTSCR2 expression in RCC tissue and to determine pathological significance of GLTSCR2 in terms of tumor grade.

Recurrent gastric neuroendocrine tumors treated with total gastrectomy.

Gastric neuroendocrine tumors are rare; however, the incidence has recently increased due to the increasing use of upper endoscopy. Neuroendocrine tumors arise from the excess proliferation of enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells. The proliferative changes of enterochromaffin cells evolve through a hyperplasia-dysplasia-neoplasia sequence that is believed to underlie the pathogenesis of gastric neuroendocrine tumors.

Pre- and post-ESD discrepancies in clinicopathologic criteria in early gastric cancer: the NECA-Korea ESD for Early Gastric Cancer Prospective Study (N-Keep).

Background: Discrepancies in the clinicopathologic parameters pre- and post-endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) sometimes necessitate additional surgical resection. The aim of this study was to assess such discrepancies in clinicopathologic parameters before and after ESD in the context of reducing the risk of failure of curative ESD.

Methods: Data on 712 early gastric cancer patients were prospectively collected from 12 university hospitals nationwide.

High DBC1 (CCAR2) expression in gallbladder carcinoma is associated with favorable clinicopathological factors.

There have been several studies on gallbladder carcinogenesis, and mutations of the KRAS, TP53, and CDKN2A genes have been reported in gallbladder carcinoma. The DBC1 gene (deleted in breast cancer 1) was initially cloned from region 8p21, which was homozygously deleted in breast cancer. DBC1 has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation and death.