Lentiviral vector-mediated shRNA against AIMP2-DX2 suppresses lung cancer cell growth through blocking glucose uptake.

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases [ARS]-interacting multifunctional protein 2 (AIMP2) has been implicated in the control of cell fate and lung cell differentiation. A variant of AIMP2 lacking exon 2 (AIMP2-DX2) is expressed in different cancer cells. We previously studied the expression level of AIMP2-DX2 in several lung cell lines and reported elevated expression levels of AIMP2-DX2 in NCI-H460 and NCI-H520.

Suppression of tumor growth in xenograft model mice by small interfering RNA targeting osteopontin delivery using biocompatible poly(amino ester).

Gene therapy using small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a novel strategy for effective anticancer therapies. However, low gene transfection efficiency and technical difficulties linked to siRNA delivery limit their practical application for gene delivery. Therefore, development of effective siRNA carriers is required.

Low dietary inorganic phosphate affects the lung growth of developing mice.

Inorganic phosphate (Pi) plays a critical role in diverse cellular functions, and regulating the Pi balance is accomplished by sodium-dependent Pi co-transporter (NPT). Pulmonary NPT has recently been identified in mammalian lungs. However, to date, many of the studies that have involved Pi have mainly focused on its effect on bone and kidney.

Synergistic effect of ERK inhibition on tetrandrine-induced apoptosis in A549 human lung carcinoma cells.

Tetrandrine (TET), a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid from the root of Stephania tetrandra, is known to have anti-tumor activity in various malignant neoplasms. However, the precise mechanism by which TET inhibits tumor cell growth remains to be elucidated. The present studies were performed to characterize the potential effects of TET on phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways since these signaling pathways are known to be responsible for cell growth and survival.

High dietary inorganic phosphate increases lung tumorigenesis and alters Akt signaling.

Rationale: Phosphate (Pi) is an essential nutrient to living organisms. Recent surveys indicate that the intake of Pi has increased steadily. Our previous studies have indicated that elevated Pi activates the Akt signaling pathway.

Chondroitin sulfate extracted from ascidian tunic inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of Inflammatory factors VCAM-1 and COX-2 by blocking NF-kappaB activation in mouse skin.

Inflammatory factors are known to play a key role in promoting tumorigenesis; therefore, it is a promising strategy to inhibit the inflammation for cancer prevention. The current study was performed to investigate the potential effects of chondroitin sulfate (CS) extracted from ascidian tunic on the expression of inflammatory factors induced by treatment with 12- O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of CS action in mouse skin inflammation. TPA was topically applied to the shaven backs of ICR mice with or without CS (1 or 2 mg) for 4 h.

High dietary inorganic phosphate enhances cap-dependent protein translation, cell-cycle progression, and angiogenesis in the livers of young mice.

Inorganic phosphate (P(i)) plays a key role in diverse physiological functions. Recent studies have indicated that P(i) affects Akt signaling through the sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter. Akt signaling, in turn, plays an important role in liver development; however, the effects of high dietary P(i) on the liver have not been investigated.

Poly(ester amine)-mediated, aerosol-delivered Akt1 small interfering RNA suppresses lung tumorigenesis.

Rationale: The low efficiency of conventional therapies in achieving long-term survival of patients with lung cancer calls for the development of novel therapeutic options. Recent advances in aerosol-mediated gene delivery have provided the possibility of an alternative for the safe and effective treatment of lung cancer.

Objectives: To demonstrate the feasibility and emphasize the importance of noninvasive aerosol delivery of Akt1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) as an effective and selective option for lung cancer treatment.

Serum immunoglobulin fused interferon-alpha inhibited tumor growth in athymic mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma cells.

Interferon (IFN) has therapeutic potential for a wide range of infectious and proliferative disorders. However, the half-life of IFN is too short to have a stable therapeutic effect. To overcome this problem, serum immunoglobulin has been fused to IFN.

Chondroitin sulfate extracted from the Styela clava tunic suppresses TNF-alpha-induced expression of inflammatory factors, VCAM-1 and iNOS by blocking Akt/NF-kappaB signal in JB6 cells.

Inflammatory mediators are known to play a key role in tumorigenesis, therefore, it is a promising strategy to inhibit the inflammation for cancer prevention and/or treatment. Current study was performed to investigate the effects of chondroitin sulfate (CS) extracted from Styela clava tunic on TNF-alpha-induced inflammation and to elucidate the mechanism of CS on the regulation of inflammatory factors in JB6 cells. Our results showed that CS inhibited TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation and subsequent vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expressions by blocking Akt signals in JB6 cells.

High dietary inorganic phosphate affects lung through altering protein translation, cell cycle, and angiogenesis in developing mice.

Inorganic phosphate (Pi) plays a key role in diverse physiological functions. Several studies indicate that Pi may affect lung cell development through Na/Pi cotransporter (NPT). Several NPT subtypes have been identified in mammalian lung, and considerable progress has been made in our understanding of their function and regulation.