Adaptability Analysis of to Different Hosts and Related Salivary Genes Identification.

is a significant agricultural pest primarily affecting Solanaceae plants, resulting in substantial economic losses in agriculture. Insect saliva is an intermediary between insects and plants, playing a crucial role in modulating host adaptability and plant defense. This study analyzed the adaptive differences of on four plants using the two-sex life table method.

Regulates Developmental and Immune Trade-Offs Induced by Priming in .

The red palm weevil (RPW) is an invasive pest that causes devastating damage to a variety of palm plants, which exhibit specific immune priming to (Bt). However, immune priming in RPW may incur a high fitness cost, and its molecular signaling pathways have not yet been reported. Here, we investigated the effect of Bt priming on RPW development and subsequently analyzed the hormonal and immune-related molecular pathways influencing the fitness cost induced by Bt priming.

Interactions Between Nanoparticles and Tomato Plants: Influencing Host Physiology and the Tomato Leafminer's Molecular Response.

Tomatoes are a crucial global crop, impacting economies and livelihoods worldwide. However, pests like the tomato leafminer () significantly reduce their yield potential. Nanoparticles come as a solution to this context, promising innovative strategies for the protection of plants from pest infestation and management.

A chromosome-scale genome assembly of the nipa palm hispid beetle Octodonta nipae.

Nipa palm hispid beetle (Octodonta nipae) is an insect species that is native to Malaysia but has spread to southern China and beyond, seriously threatening palm production. A lack of high-quality genome resources has hindered understanding of the insect's invasive characteristics and ecological adaptations. Here, we combined Illumina short read, PacBio long-read, and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) sequencing technologies to generate a high-quality, chromosome-scale genome assembly of nipa palm hispid beetle.

The Diversity of and Other Bacterial Symbionts in .

Bacterial symbionts associated with insects can be crucial in insect nutrition, metabolism, immune responses, development, and reproduction. However, the bacterial symbionts of the fall armyworm remain unclear. is an invasive polyphagous pest that severely damages many crops, particularly maize and wheat.

Integrated approaches for Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) management: insights from laboratory studies with entomopathogenic nematodes and insecticides.

Background: In agricultural pest management, especially in combatting the invasive red imported fire ant (RIFA, Solenopsis invicta), significant challenges emerge as a consequence of the constraints of solely depending on chemical insecticides or entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). The utilization of chemical insecticides carries environmental and ecological hazards, whereas EPNs, when applied independently, might not offer the immediate effectiveness necessary for adequate RIFA suppression. Acknowledging these hurdles, our study investigates a synergistic method that integrates EPNs with chemical insecticides, aiming to fulfill the urgent demand for more efficient and environmentally friendly pest control solutions.

A C-Type Lectin, RfCTL27, Activates the Immune Defense in the Red Palm Weevil (A.G. Olivier, 1791) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae) by the Recognition of Gram-Negative Bacteria.

Red palm weevil, (Olivier), is a palm tree insect pest that causes significant damage in the many countries from the Indian sub-continent and southeast Asia into date palm-growing countries of Africa, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean Basin. This study is aimed at determining the role of a C-type lectin, RfCTL27, in the immune defense of RPW larvae. RfCTL27 is a secreted protein that possesses a QPD motif, being integral for the discrimination of Gram-negative bacteria.

Histone Acetylation Enhancing Host Melanization in Response to Parasitism by an Endoparasitoid Wasp.

Endoparasitoids are insects that develop within other insects, employing unique strategies to enhance their offspring's survival. They inject polydnavirus and/or venom into their hosts along with eggs, effectively suppressing the host's immune system. Polydnavirus from Braconidae and Ichneumonidae wasps can integrate into the host's genome to express viral genes using the host's transcription systems.

Development of a Safe and Effective -Based Nanobiopesticide for Controlling Tea Pests.

Mg(OH) was used as the nanocarrier of the (Bt) Cry1Ac protein, and the synthesized Cry1Ac-Mg(OH) composites were regular and uniform nanosheets. Nano-Mg(OH) could effectively improve the insecticidal effect of the Cry1Ac protein toward . It could enhance the damage degree of the Cry1Ac protein to intestinal epithelial cells and microvilli, induce and enrich the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the midgut, and enhance the degradation of the Cry1Ac protein into active fragments.

Host-Encoded Aminotransferase Import into the Endosymbiotic Bacteria of Red Palm Weevil.

Symbiotic systems are intimately integrated at multiple levels. Host-endosymbiont metabolic complementarity in amino acid biosynthesis is especially important for sap-feeding insects and their symbionts. In weevil- endosymbiosis, the final step reaction of the endosymbiont tyrosine synthesis pathway is complemented by host-encoded aminotransferases.

Role of prophenoloxidase 1 from the beetle Octodonta nipae in melanized encapsulation of a wasp egg.

Exploring the function of the host immune system can help to understand the host-parasitoid interaction. Prophenoloxidase (PPO) is crucial in defensive melanization during the encapsulation of wasp eggs. However, the existence of multiple PPO sequences increases the difficulty of exploring the specific functions of individual PPOs.

Host plant recognition by two odorant-binding proteins in Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

Background: Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, the red palm weevil (RPW), is a key pest that attacks many economically important palm species and that has evolved a sensitive and specific olfactory system to seek palm hosts. Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) not only play crucial roles in its olfactory perception process but are also important molecular targets for the development of new approaches for pest management.

Results: Analysis of the tissue expression profiles of RferOBP8 and RferOBP11 revealed that these two Rhynchophorus ferrugineus odorant binding proteins (RferOBPs) exhibited high expression in the antennae and showed sexual dimorphism.

Potential of entomopathogenic nematode-infected insect cadavers for the biocontrol of the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta.

Background: Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in an aqueous suspension treatment showed potential in the biocontrol of the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta, whereas colony relocation following this inundative application had restricted overall effectiveness. As a novel strategy, EPN pre-infected insect cadavers carrying the next generation of nematode-infective juveniles (IJs) might be used to efficiently manage insect pests. However, this strategy has not been tested on S.

Exogenously applied zinc improves sugar-acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) by regulating enzymatic activities and expression of their metabolism-related genes.

Soluble sugars and organic acids are the most abundant components in ripe fruits, and they play critical roles in the development of fruit flavor and taste. In this study, loquat trees were sprayed with 0.1, 0.

The Symbiotic Bacteria- All and H06 Strongly Affected the Phenoloxidase Activation of Nipa Palm Hispid, (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larvae.

Symbiotic bacteria form a mutualistic relationship with nematodes and are pathogenic to many insect pests. They kill insects using various strategies to evade or suppress their humoral and cellular immunity. Here we evaluate the toxic effects of these bacteria and their secondary metabolites on the survival and phenoloxidase (PO) activation of larvae using biochemical and molecular methods.

A peptidoglycan recognition protein regulates the immune response of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) during exposure to pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.

Red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, is a tremendously destructive insect pest of palm trees worldwide. Although some biological agents have been used to fight against RPW larvae, the control efficiency is still dissatisfactory. This study aimed to determine the role of a peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP), RfPGRP-S3, in RPW immunity.

The Cellular Immunological Responses and Developmental Differences between Two Hosts Parasitized by .

This study aims to investigate the developmental interactions of Bouček on Gestro and Maulik, as well as the cellular immune responses of and larvae in response to parasitism by , with the hope of determining the reason for the difference in larval breeding of in and . The effects of parasitism by on the larval development, hemocyte count, and proportion of the hemocyte composition of the two hosts were carried out through selective assay and non-selective assay using statistical analysis and anatomical imaging. There was no significant difference in parasitic selection for on the larvae of these two beetles; however, more eggs were laid to larvae than to larvae after parasitism by .

Sugar and acid profile of loquat ( Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism-related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron.

Soluble sugars and organic acids are the most abundant components in ripe fruits, and they play critical roles in the development of fruit flavor and taste. Some loquat cultivars have high acid content which seriously affect the quality of fruit and reduce the value of commodity. Consequently, studying the physiological mechanism of sugar-acid metabolism in loquat can clarify the mechanism of their formation, accumulation and degradation in the fruit.

One-Step Construct Responsive Lignin/Polysaccharide/Fe Nano Loading System Driven by Digestive Enzymes of Lepidopteran for Precise Delivery of Pesticides.

A strategy that relies on the differences in feeding behavior between pests and natural enemies to deliver insecticides precisely was proposed. After proving that the digestive enzymes in Lepidopteran pests can act as triggers for lignin-based controlled-release carriers, a novel multiple-enzyme-responsive lignin/polysaccharide/Fe nanocarrier was constructed by combining the electrostatic self-assembly and chelation and loaded with lambda-cyhalothrin (LC) to form a nanocapsule suspension loading system. The nanocapsules were LC@sodium lignosulfonate/chitosan/Fe (LC@SL/CS/Fe) and LC@sodium lignosulfonate/alkyl polyglycoside quaternary ammonium salt/Fe (LC@SL/APQAS/Fe).

The Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Inhibit the Activation of proPO System of the Nipa Palm Hispid (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Entomopathogenic nematodes are biocontrol agents of invasive insect pests in soil and cryptic habitats. Nipa palm hispid, , is a pest of palm trees in Sothern China. To address its increasing damage, environmentally friendly control methods are required.

Phytopathogens Increase the Preference of Insect Vectors to Volatiles Emitted by Healthy Host Plants.

Phytopathogen infections not only affect the physiology of host plants but also the preference of insect vectors; these modifications may increase the spread of infection. For this, we determined the effects of " Liberibacter asiaticus" (Las) infection on the preference of an insect vector () for its uninfected or Las-infected host () and found that the infected vector preferred uninfected citrus, while the uninfected vector preferred infected citrus. We identified two compounds, ()-3 hexenyl and methyl salicylate, that were differentially abundant in the volatiles emitted by infected and uninfected citrus and two odorant-binding protein (OBP) genes differentially expressed between infected and uninfected vectors.