Anti-nociceptive Effects of Dexmedetomidine Infusion Plus Modified Intercostal Nerve Block During Single-port Thoracoscopic Lobectomy: A Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Multimodal general anesthesia based on modified intercostal nerve block (MINB) has been found as a novel method to achieve an intraoperative opioid-sparing effect. However, there is little information about the effective method to inhibit visceral nociceptive stress during single-port thoracoscopic surgery.

Objective: To investigate whether a low-dose dexmedetomidine infusion followed by MINB might be an alternative method to blunt visceral stress effectively.

Elamipretide Attenuates Pyroptosis and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Aged Mice.

Pyroptosis is a recently characterized inflammatory form of programmed cell death that is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). Elamipretide (SS-31), a mitochondrial-targeted peptide with multiple pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory activity, has been demonstrated to protect against many neurological diseases. However, the effect of elamipretide on pyroptosis in PND has not been studied.

Outcomes of individualized goal-directed therapy based on cerebral oxygen balance in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: To investigate whether optimizing individualized goal-directed therapy (GDT) based on cerebral oxygen balance in high-risk surgical patients would reduce postoperative morbidity.

Design: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled study.

Setting: The study was performed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China, from April 2017 to July 2018.

Combination therapy with ropivacaine-loaded liposomes and nutrient deprivation for simultaneous cancer therapy and cancer pain relief.

Autophagy allows cancer cells to respond changes in nutrient status by degrading and recycling non-essential intracellular contents. Inhibition of autophagy combined with nutrient deprivation is an effective strategy to treat cancer. Pain is a primary determinant of poor quality of life in advanced cancer patients, but there is currently no satisfactory treatment.

Enhanced autophagic flux contributes to cardioprotection of remifentanil postconditioning after hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.

Remifentanil postconditioning (RPC) has been shown to provide potent cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The current study was designed to investigate whether RPC protects cardiomyocytes against I/R injury through enhancement of autophagic flux. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to mimic myocardial I/R injury in vitro.

Efficacy of perineural dexamethasone with ropivacaine in thoracic paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia in elective thoracotomy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of perineural dexamethasone with ropivacaine in multimodal analgesia for thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) in patients undergoing elective thoracotomy.

Patients And Methods: Ninety-six patients undergoing thoracotomy were enrolled in this trial and randomized to adjuvant therapy for TPVB: group S (saline), group R (0.5% ropivacaine), or group RD (5 mg dexamethasone and 0.

Sufentanil attenuates impairment of the endothelium-dependent vasodilation induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation in the rat coronary artery.

Sufentanil has been used broadly in cardiac surgery, but the mechanisms by which it modulates coronary vascular tone after ischemia-reperfusion injury are largely unknown. Effects of sufentanil on coronary tone and on the relaxation of rat coronary arteries (CAs) in response to endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) and endothelium-independent (sodium nitroprusside) relaxing agents in the presence of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) was studied in an in vitro organ chamber setup. Sufentanil (10-10 mol/L) relaxed rat CA rings in endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent manners.

Perioperative risk factors and cumulative duration of "triple-low" state associated with worse 30-day mortality of cardiac valvular surgery.

Hospital stay and mortality in high-risk patients after noncardiac surgery has been associated with a triple low anesthesia. However, the association between anesthesia-related factors and perioperative outcome after cardiac surgery remains unclear.We tested the effect of a novel triple low state: low mean arterial pressure (MAP) <65 mmHg and low bispectral index (BIS) <45 during a low target effect-site concentration (Ce) <1.

Comparison of the Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol on Hemodynamics and Oxygen Balance in Children with Complex Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of anesthesia by dexmedetomidine and propofol on the hemodynamics and oxygen balance in children with complex congenital heart disease who were undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: Fifty-seven children were randomized to receive either a continuous infusion of propofol (6-8 mg/kg/h) or dexmedetomidine (0.5-0.

Effect of aortic root infusion of sufentanil on ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement.

Objective: This study investigated the effects of aortic root infusion of sufentanil on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in patients undergoing elective mitral valve replacement (MVR) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Design: A prospective, randomized, clinical study.

Setting: A university-affiliated teaching hospital.

Intracerebroventricular administration of morphine confers remote cardioprotection--role of opioid receptors and calmodulin.

The current study aimed to delineate the mechanism of remote preconditioning by intracerebroventricular morphine (RMPC) against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given an intracerebroventricular morphine injection before myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. Ischemia-reperfusion injury was achieved by 30min of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 120min of reperfusion.

Oligomerized grape seed proanthocyanidins ameliorates isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling in rats: role of oxidative stress.

The effects of oligomerized grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) on haemodynamics, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis as well as apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) cascades in isoproterenol (Iso)-induced cardiac remodelling (CR) rat model were investigated, in addition, the serum SOD activities and MDA content were assayed. Rats were treated with Iso to induce CR and were given distilled water or GSP for 1 week. Control rats received vehicle instead of Iso.

[Effects of oligomeric grape seed proanthocyanidins on isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling in rats].

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of oligomeric grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac remodeling in rats. ISO was given subcutaneously (5 mg x kg(-1), sc, 7 days) to induce cardiac remodeling in rats. Therapeutic groups were given GSP (50, 100, and 150 mg x kg(-1)) after ISO treatment.