Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the related risk factors among healthy adults: A cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China.

Background: Epidemiological characteristics of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Chongqing, a west-central city of China, remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD and the related risk factors among healthy adults for physical examination in Chongqing.

Methods: A total of 110,626 subjects were enrolled in the present study.

Analysis of the prevalence of drug-resistant hepatitis B virus in patients with antiviral therapy failure in a Chinese tertiary referral liver centre (2010-2014).

Objectives: To study the prevalence of drug-resistant HBV in patients with therapy failure in a Chinese tertiary referral liver centre.

Methods: 1223 HBV-infected patients who underwent genotypic resistance testing between 2010-2014 were studied.

Results: 3TC genotypic resistance was the most common (46.

Deep sequencing analysis of HBV genotype shift and correlation with antiviral efficiency during adefovir dipivoxil therapy.

Background: Viral genotype shift in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients during antiviral therapy has been reported, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Methods: 38 CHB patients treated with ADV for one year were selected for studying genotype shift by both deep sequencing and Sanger sequencing method.

Results: Sanger sequencing method found that 7.

A novel baseline hepatitis B virus sequencing-based strategy for predicting adefovir antiviral response.

Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) is used as first-line monotherapy or rescue therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. In this study, we sought to identify nucleotide changes in the reverse transcriptase (RT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) at baseline and explore their predictive value for ADV antiviral response. Ultra-deep pyrosequencing (UDPS) was utilized to determine HBV genetic variability within the RT region at baseline and during a 48-week ADV therapy.

Comparison of a novel real-time PCR assay with sequence analysis, reverse hybridization, and multiplex PCR for hepatitis B virus type B and C genotyping.

We compared a novel real-time genotyping and quantitative PCR (GQ-PCR) assay, direct sequence analysis, reverse hybridization, and multiplex PCR for genotyping hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 127 HBV-infected patients. We found that GQ-PCR had the highest concordance with sequence analysis and the highest detection rate for mixed genotype detecting.

Simultaneous genotyping and quantification of hepatitis B virus for genotypes B and C by real-time PCR assay.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important cause of human chronic liver diseases and is a major public health problem. Viral load and HBV genotype play critical roles in determining clinical outcomes and response to antiviral treatment in hepatitis B patients. Viral genotype detection and quantification assays are currently in use with different levels of effectiveness.

Enhanced protection against pneumococcal infection elicited by immunization with the combination of PspA, PspC, and ClpP.

Immunization with a combination of several virulence-associated proteins is one of the strategies of developing effective protein-based vaccines to enhance the protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae. In this study, we evaluated the protection effects against pneumococcal infection caused by S. pneumoniae TIGR4 in BALB/c mice immunized with either single pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC), the caseinolytic protease (ClpP) or their combinations.

Assessment of a method for detecting serum HBV DNA with HBV DNA probe labelled directly by alkaline phosphatase.

Objective: To assess a sensitive and specific technique for detecting serum HBV DNA with an HBV DNA probe labelled directly by alkaline phosphatase (AlkPhos Direc probe).

Methods: AlkPhos Direc probe was prepared with purified HBV DNA labelled directly by alkaline phosphatase. The probe and chemiluminescent substrate CDP-star for AP were used in hybridization assay.

[Establishment and evaluation of the method for detecting HBV DNA in serum using HBV DNA probe labeled directly by alkaline phosphatase].

Objective: To establish a sensitive and specific technique for detecting HBV DNA in serum using HBV DNA probe labeled directly by alkaline phosphatase (AlkPhos Direc probe).

Methods: The probe that purified HBV DNA sequence was labeled directly by alkaline phosphatase and chemiluminescent substrate CDP-star for AP was used in the hybridization assay. HBV DNA was detected by autoradiography on the film.