In children with cow's milk allergy, 1-kestose affects the gut microbiota and reaction threshold.

Background: Interventions targeting the gut microbiota for treating food allergy (FA) have been gaining much attention. Although several studies have examined the effects of probiotics, few have verified the effects of prebiotic intervention on FA in humans.

Methods: We conducted a preliminary open-label, parallel-group comparison trial in children diagnosed with severe cow's milk allergy (CMA) who were instructed to ingest baked milk (BM; bread or cookies) daily.

Age-associated effect of kestose on Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and symptoms in the atopic dermatitis infants.

Background: Although Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a major bacterium in the intestine of adults, which is known to have anti-inflammatory effects, the development in infants or the response to prebiotics remains unclear.

Methods: The counts of F. prausnitzii in the feces were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Comprehensive analysis of dynamics of histone H4 acetylation in mitotic barley cells.

Nucleosomal histones are covalently modified at specific amino acid residues. In the case of histone H4, four lysines (K5, K8, K12, and K16) are acetylated. In the current studies, we examined the dynamics of histone H4 acetylation at K8 and K12 in mitotic barley cells using a three-dimensional immunofluorescent method.