Effects of storage durations on flavour and bacterial communities in Liupao tea.

Long-term storage of Liupao tea is conducive to improving its flavour and commercial value. Although bacterial communities influence Liupao tea flavour, their impact during storage remains unclear. The aroma compounds and bacterial communities were determined by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and Illumina Nova6000 analysis.

Comparative Analysis of Gelatin/Polylactic Acid and Commercial PLA Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND This study included 32 patients with single missing teeth and alveolar bone defects and aimed to compare outcomes from guided bone regeneration with a gelatin/polylactic acid (GT/PLA) barrier membrane and a Guidor® bioresorbable matrix barrier dental membrane. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 32 participants were recruited in the clinical study, with single missing teeth and alveolar bone defects, requiring guided bone regeneration (32 missing teeth in total). They were randomly divided into the GT/PLA membrane group (experimental) and Guidor® membrane group (control) by the envelope method (n=16).

Enhanced Genome Editing Activity with Novel Chimeric ScCas9 Variants in Rice.

The Streptococcus canis Cas9 protein (ScCas9) recognizes the NNG protospacer adjacent motif (PAM), offering a wider range of targets than that offered by the commonly used S. pyogenes Cas9 protein (SpCas9). However, both ScCas9 and its evolved Sc++ variant still exhibit low genome editing efficiency in plants, particularly at the less preferred NTG and NCG PAM targets.

ZAR1/2-Regulated Epigenetic Modifications are Essential for Age-Associated Oocyte Quality Maintenance and Zygotic Activation.

The developmental competence and epigenetic progression of oocytes gradually become dysregulated with increasing maternal age. However, the mechanisms underlying age-related epigenetic regulation in oocytes remain poorly understood. Zygote arrest proteins 1 and 2 (ZAR1/2) are two maternal factors with partially redundant roles in maintaining oocyte quality, mainly known by regulating mRNA stability.

Identification of fatty acid anabolism patterns to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC), one of the most common and heterogeneous malignancies, is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is closely related to dietary habits. Fatty acid is one of the main nutrients of human beings, which is closely related to diabetes, hypertension and other diseases. However, the correlation between fatty acid metabolism and the development and progression of GC remains largely unknown.

Inflammatory markers predict efficacy of immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a preliminary exploratory study.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the predictive value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte count to monocyte count ratio (LMR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), platelet count multiplied by neutrophil count to lymphocyte count ratio (SII), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), packed cell volume (PCV), and plateletcrit (PCT) levels in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Materials And Methods: From March 2019 to August 2023, we screened 104 of 153 patients with stage III unresectable local advanced NSCLC and IV NSCLC who received PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy at our hospital and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for analysis. All patients were collected for clinical information, including baseline blood indicator (NLR, PLR, LMR, SII, CRP, RDW, PCV and PCT) levels before PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy and blood indicator levels and imaging evaluation results every two cycles after PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy.

Selenium: 48-year journey of global clinical trials.

Selenium, an essential trace mineral for health, has seen a rise in clinical trials over the past nearly 5 decades. Our aim here is to provide a comprehensive and concise overview of selenium clinical trials from 1976 to 2023. Overall, the evolution of selenium clinical trials over 48 years has advanced through phases of emergence, prosperity, and either stability or transition.

Chrysoeriol: a natural RANKL inhibitor targeting osteoclastogenesis and ROS regulation for osteoporosis therapy.

Chrysoeriol (CHE) is a naturally occurring compound with established anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. This study examines its potential role in regulating osteoclast differentiation and activity, both of which are crucial for bone remodeling. Computational docking revealed high binding affinity between CHE and RANKL, specifically at the Lys-181 residue of RANKL, suggesting potential inhibitory interactions on osteoclastogenesis.

Research progress of non-coding RNA regulating the role of PANoptosis in diabetes mellitus and its complications.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that is endemic worldwide and is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia accompanied by multiple severe complications, including cardiovascular disease, kidney dysfunction, neuropathy, and retinopathy. The pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications is multifactorial, involving various molecular and cellular pathways. In recent years, research has indicated that mechanisms of cell death play a significant role in the advancement of diabetes and its complications.

Causal relationship between psoriasis and sudden deafness: a Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the genetic link between psoriasis and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

Methods: From a genetic standpoint, this study further highlighted the connection between psoriasis and SSNHL. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) connected to SSNHL could be found using a genome-wide association study from the IEU OpenGWAS project website.

SENP3 inhibition suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression and improves the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

The importance of SUMOylation in tumorigenesis has received increasing attention, and research on therapeutic agents targeting this pathway has progressed. However, the potential function of SUMOylation during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we identified that SUMO-Specific Peptidase 3 (SENP3) was upregulated in HCC tissues and correlated with a poor prognosis.

Metabolic reprogramming induced by PSMA4 overexpression facilitates bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma(MM) remains incurable with high relapse and chemoresistance rates. Differentially expressed genes(DEGs) between newly diagnosed myeloma and secondary plasma cell leukemia(sPCL) were subjected to a weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA). Drug resistant myeloma cell lines were established.

Analysis of full length transcriptome and resistance characteristics of Atraphaxis bracteata under drought.

Drought is one of the main environmental factors affecting plant survival and growth. Atraphaxis bracteata is a common desert plant mainly utilized in afforestation and desertification control. This study analyzed the morphological, physiological and molecular regulatory characteristics of different organs of A.

Hotspots of genetic change in Yersinia pestis.

The relative contributions of mutation rate variation, selection, and recombination in shaping genomic variation in bacterial populations remain poorly understood. Here we analyze 3318 Yersinia pestis genomes, spanning nearly a century and including 2336 newly sequenced strains, to shed light on the patterns of genetic diversity and variation distribution at the population level. We identify 45 genomic regions ("hot regions", HRs) that, although comprising a minor fraction of the genome, are hotbeds of genetic variation.

Rapid and accurate multi-phenotype imputation for millions of individuals.

Deep phenotyping can enhance the power of genetic analysis, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but the occurrence of missing phenotypes compromises the potential of such resources. Although many phenotypic imputation methods have been developed, the accurate imputation of millions of individuals remains challenging. In the present study, we have developed a multi-phenotype imputation method based on mixed fast random forest (PIXANT) by leveraging efficient machine learning (ML)-based algorithms.

Net energy of grains for dairy goats differed with processing methods and grain types.

Background: The diverse types and processing methods of grains intricately influence the sites and digestibility of starch digestion, thereby impacting energy utilization. This study aimed to explore the impact of grain variety and processing methods on the net energy (NE) in dairy goats, analyzing these effects at the level of nutrient digestion and metabolism.

Methods: Eighteen castrated Guanzhong dairy goats (44.

The first case of esophageal mediastinal fistula after immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: case report and literature review.

Background: Malignant esophageal mediastinal fistula is a severe complication that occurs in both the advanced stages of esophageal cancer and after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Esophageal mediastinal fistula is very susceptible to complications such as mediastinitis and mediastinal abscess, resulting in a significantly elevated mortality rate for patients. We reported a rare case of esophageal mediastinal fistula after immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Micronutrient dose response (MiNDR) study among women of reproductive age and pregnant women in rural Bangladesh: study protocol for double-blind, randomised, controlled trials.

Introduction: Optimising the micronutrient status of women before and during reproduction confers benefits to them and their offspring. Antenatal multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS), given as a daily tablet with nutrients at ~1 recommended dietary allowance (RDA) or adequate intake (AI) reduces adverse birth outcomes. However, at this dosage, MMS may not fully address micronutrient deficiencies in settings with chronically inadequate diets and infection.

Oxygenation targets for endovascular therapy in acute ischemic stroke patients (Oxy-TARGET): protocol for a single-centre, open-label randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Preclinical studies have shown that oxygen therapy can improve ischaemic brain tissue oxygen tension, reduce reperfusion injury after revascularisation, promote neuroregeneration and inhibit inflammatory responses potentially exerting a beneficial effect after endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). However, the optimal fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) during EVT under general anaesthesia is currently unknown. Therefore, we are conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the impact of high-concentration oxygen vs low-concentration normobaric oxygen on early neurological function after EVT.

Case Report: Type Ib Abernethy malformation.

Congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt, also known as Abernethy malformation, is a rare anatomic vascular malformation. Patients with Abernethy malformation may present with abdominal pain, abnormal liver function tests, hepatopulmonary syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, and/or portosystemic encephalopathy. Accurate identification of the shunt and portal vein and effective management of complications is vital in these patients.

A foundation model with weak experiential guidance in detecting muscle invasive bladder cancer on MRI.

Preoperative detection of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains a great challenge in practice. We aimed to develop and validate a deep Vesical Imaging Network (ViNet) model for the detection of MIBC using high-resolution Tweighted MR imaging (hrTWI) in a multicenter cohort. ViNet was designed using a modified 3D ResNet, in which, the encoder layers were pretrained using a self-supervised foundation model on over 40,000 cross-modal imaging datasets for transfer learning, and the classification modules were weakly supervised by an experiential knowledge-domain mask indicated by a nnUNet segmentation model.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure is associated with radioiodine therapy resistance and dedifferentiation of differentiated thyroid cancer.

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) generally has a favorable prognosis, and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is typically used for metastatic DTC that continues to progress and poses life-threatening risks. However, resistance to RAI in metastatic DTC significantly impairs treatment effectiveness. This study aims to identify potential compounds that may influence RAI efficacy.

Protein concentration and analyzing charge variants in a co-formulation comprising three monoclonal antibodies: A cation-exchange chromatography approach.

In the realm of therapeutic antibodies, co-formulations comprising two or more monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have emerged as a promising strategy, offering enhanced treatment efficacy, improved efficiency, and prolonged intellectual property protection. These advantages have sparked significant interest among both patients and pharmaceutical companies. However, the quantification and analysis of individual mAbs within such co-formulations pose a substantial challenge due to their similar physicochemical properties.

Ribosome profiling reveals dynamic translational landscape in HEK293T cells following X-ray irradiation.

X-ray irradiation induces widespread changes in gene expression. Positioned at the bottom of the central dogma, translational regulation responds swiftly to environmental stimuli, fine-tuning protein levels. However, the global view of mRNA translation following X-ray exposure remains unclear.

High-resolution dissection of human cell type-specific enhancers in cis and trans activities.

The spatiotemporal-specific gene expression is regulated by cell-type-specific regulatory elements. Here we selected the H3K4me1-associated DNA sequences as candidate enhancers in two different human cell lines and performed ChIP-STARR-seq to quantify the cell-type-specific enhancer activities with high-resolution. We investigated how the activity landscape of enhancer repository would change when transferred from native cells (cis activity) to another cell lines (trans activity).