The application of the drug flushing covered stent grafts in endovascular repair of aortic aneurysms caused by brucellosis.

Objective: Brucellosis-induced aortic aneurysm (BIA), as a rare yet highly life-threatening type of infectious aortic aneurysm, currently lacks standardized treatment protocols. The primary objective of this study is to thoroughly evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular therapy using a combination of covered stents and drug irrigation techniques for the treatment of BIA. This endeavor aims to provide a scientific basis for the clinical management of this disease.

Fast Virtual Stenting for Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair of Aortic Dissection Using Graph Deep Learning.

Fast virtual stenting (FVS) is a promising preoperative planning aid for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of aortic dissection. It aims at digitally predicting the reshaped aortic true lumen (TL) under specific operation plans (stent-graft deployment region and radius) to assess and avoid reoperation risk, but has not yet been applied clinically due to the difficulty in achieving accurate and time-dependent predictions. In this work, we propose a deep-learning-based model for FVS to solve the above problems.

Assessing Gut Microbiome Alterations in Children With Allergic Rhinitis: Associations With Allergen-Specific IgE Levels and Sensitization Patterns.

Background: The relationship between gut microbiota composition and allergen exposure in children with allergic rhinitis (AR) remains insufficiently explored, particularly concerning variations in gut microbiota at different allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) levels and the distinction between monosensitization and polysensitization to allergens.

Methods: We employed metagenomic shotgun sequencing to compare the fecal microbiota of 50 healthy controls (HC) to 88 children with AR induced by house dust mites (HDM-AR). We further examined differences in gut microbiota among HDM-AR subgroups with extremely high house dust mite-sIgE (EH-HDM), high HDM-sIgE (H-HDM), as well as between monosensitized (mono-HDM) and polysensitized (poly-HDM) individuals.

Genetic and audiological determinants of hearing loss in high-risk neonates.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the correlation between prevalent risk factors for high-risk neonates in neonatal intensive care unit and their hearing loss, and to examine the audiological features and genetic profiles associated with different deafness mutations in our tertiary referral center. This research seeks to deepen our understanding of the etiology behind congenital hearing loss.

Methods: We conducted initial hearing screenings, including automated auditory brainstem response, distortion product otoacoustic emission, and acoustic immittance on 443 high-risk neonates within 7 days after birth and 42 days (if necessary) after birth.

Allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy altered gut microbiota in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Introduction: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) induces long-term immune tolerance to allergens and is effective for treating allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the impact of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) on gut microbiota from AR patients and its correlation with treatment efficacy remains unclear.

Methods: In the present study, we enrolled 24 AR patients sensitized to Dermatophagoides farinae (Der-f) and 6 healthy donors (HD).

Optimal circulatory arrest temperature for total aortic arch replacement: Outcomes of neurological complications.

Objective: The optimal hypothermic circulatory arrest temperature during total arch replacement and the impact of hypothermic circulatory arrest temperature on postoperative neurological complications are still uncertain. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of hypothermic circulatory arrest temperature on short-term postoperative outcomes, especially neurological complications, for patients who undergo total arch replacement.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 2351 patients who underwent total arch replacement at 1 of 7 selected aortic centers from January 2016 to June 2023.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on clinical visits and subjective symptoms in childhood allergic rhinitis induced by house dust mites in Shanghai.

Background: Establishing the interaction between aeroallergens and air pollution in children with house dust mite induced allergic rhinitis (HDM-AR) remains challenging, especially in urban areas. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the subsequent lockdown measures provided a valuable opportunity.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical data of HDM-AR children between March and August in 2018-2020, and classified the children according to the type and the degree of HDM sensitization.

Gut microbiome impact on childhood allergic rhinitis and house dust mite IgE responses.

Background: The correlation between the gut microbiota and airway inflammation in childhood allergic rhinitis (AR), particularly concerning allergen exposure, remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to link gut microbiota changes with house dust mite (HDM)-specific IgE responses in pediatric AR.

Methods: Using metagenomic shotgun sequencing, we compared the fecal microbiota of 60 children with HDM-AR to 48 healthy controls (HC), analyzing the link to IgE reactions.

The role of adenoid immune phenotype in polysensitized children with allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy.

Background: There is increasing interest in elucidating the relationship between adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the impact of aeroallergen sensitization patterns on children with AH and AR remains unclear.

Methods: Patients aged 2-8 years (recruited from January 2019 to December 2022) with nasal symptoms were assessed for allergies, adenoid size, and respiratory viral infection history.

Auxiliary rehabilitation training after calf contouring with botulinum toxin type A injection reduces adverse reactions and improves satisfaction.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of adjuvant rehabilitation training after calf contouring with botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection.

Methods: Clinical data of 48 female beauty seekers who underwent calf contouring at the Plastic Surgery Laser Center of Guangdong Second People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 24 cases received routine care from January 2021 to December 2021 and were included in a control group, and 24 cases received rehabilitation care with auxiliary rehabilitation training from January 2022 to June 2022 that were in an observation group.

Chinese Expert Consensus on the Use of Biologics in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2022, Zhuhai).

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease in otolaryngology, mainly manifested as nasal congestion, nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure, and smell disorder. CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), an important phenotype of CRS, has a high recurrence rate even after receiving corticosteroids and/or functional endoscopic sinus surgery. In recent years, clinicians have focused on the application of biological agents in CRSwNP.

New approach to establish a surgical planning in infantile vallecular cyst synchronous with laryngomalacia based on aerodynamic analysis.

Background And Objectives: A large proportion of infants with vallecular cyst (VC) have coexisting laryngomalacia (LM). Feeding difficulties, regurgitation, occasional cough, and sleep-disordered breathing are the common symptoms in moderate to severe cases. The surgical management of these cases is more challenging and remains controversial.

Boundary-Preserved Deep Denoising of Stochastic Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Images.

Objective: With the rapid growth of high-speed deep-tissue imaging in biomedical research, there is an urgent need to develop a robust and effective denoising method to retain morphological features for further texture analysis and segmentation. Conventional denoising filters and models can easily suppress the perturbative noise in high-contrast images; however, for low photon budget multiphoton images, a high detector gain will not only boost the signals but also bring significant background noise. In such a stochastic resonance imaging regime, subthreshold signals may be detectable with the help of noise, meaning that a denoising filter capable of removing noise without sacrificing important cellular features, such as cell boundaries, is desirable.

[Metagenome-wide association of gut microbiome features in children with moderate-severe house dust mite allergic rhinitis].

To draw a distinct gut microbiota pattern of children with moderate-severe dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis（DAR） and healthy children. 3-10 years old moderate-severe DAR children（68 cases） and healthy children（38 cases） were involved in this study. General information was collected through questionnaires, and fecal samples were collected for metagenomic sequencing.

The Correlation between the Inflammatory Effects of Activated Macrophages in Atherosclerosis and Aortic Dissection.

Background: To study the correlation between lipid metabolism index, inflammatory factor index, and M1 macrophage content and aortic dissection.

Methods: Patients with only basic atherosclerotic diseases were selected as the control group, and patients with only basic atherosclerotic diseases and aortic dissection were set as the experiment group. Blood of patients was collected.

Assessing the impact of air pollutants on clinical visits for childhood allergic respiratory disease induced by house dust mite in Shanghai, China.

Background: The prevalence of allergic respiratory disease (ARD) is increasing worldwide during the last few decades, causing a great disease burden especially for children. Air pollution has been increasingly considered as a potential contributor to this trend, but its role in ARD induced by house dust mite (HDM-ARD) remains unclear, especially in time-series study.

Methods: A positive reporting of respiratory allergy to named allergens was included by serum specific IgE testing.

Down-Regulated miR-130a/b Attenuates Rhabdomyosarcoma Proliferation .

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is one of the most common types of soft-tissue sarcomas in children, and it exhibits a low 5-years survival rate. The survival outcome has shown no significant improvements in the past 30 years miRNA profiling of RMS might therefore provide a novel insight into uncovering new molecular targets for therapy. We analyzed miRNA and RNA sequencing data from patients and the TARGET database to reveal the potential miRNA-mRNA axes and validated them in patients' samples.

Ectopic thymic tissue in subglottis of children: evaluation and management.

Objectives: Ectopic thymic tissue in the subglottis is an extremely rare disease that causes airway obstruction. Few cases reported were accurately diagnosed before surgery.

Methods: A case of a 2-year-old boy with airway obstruction caused by a left subglottic mass was reported.

Exploring adipogenic and myogenic circulatory biomarkers of recurrent pressure injury risk for persons with spinal cord injury.

Purpose:: To investigate linkages between circulatory adipogenic and myogenic biomarkers, gluteal intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), and pressure injury (PrI) history following spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods:: This is an observational repeated-measures study of 30 individuals with SCI. Whole blood was collected regularly over 2-3 years.

GWAS-identified variants to allergic disease and early environmental exposure in Chinese schoolchildren with allergic rhinitis induced by house dust mite.

Background: There is growing evidence that environmental exposure in early life is associated with the development of childhood allergic rhinitis.

Objective: To investigate whether polymorphisms in previously published genome wide association studies (GWAS) allergic disease loci are associated with childhood house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis (HDM-AR) and interaction effects of genetic and environmental factors on it.

Methods: 156 cases diagnosed by HDM-AR and 173 controls were enrolled.

[Role of gut microbiota in children with allergic rhinitis with high serum total IgE level].

To study the role of gut microbiota in children with allergic rhinitis with high serum total IgE level. A total of 17 cases of children in Shanghai Children's Medical Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, who suffered from perennial allergic rhinitis of grade 5-6, were enrolled in this study. Baseline information were collected from all participants.

Efficacy of Chinese Medicine Acupoint Application Combined with Montelukast on Children with Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Chinese medicine acupoint application (CMAA) combined with Western medicine for perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) in children.

Methods: In this prospective, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled and single-blind trial from August to September, 2017, 180 children with PAR were randomly assigned to an integrative group (CMAA and Montelukast), CMAA group (CMAA and placebo tablet), or Montelukast group (placebo CMAA and Montelukast). Participants were applied with CMAA for 6 sessions over 2 weeks, and/or Montelukast Chewable Tablet orally once daily for 12 weeks.

Familial and genetic factors in laryngeal cleft: Have we learned anything?

Introduction: Laryngeal clefts are rare congenital anomalies characterized by failed fusion of the posterior cricoid lamina or incomplete development of the tracheoesophageal septum. While most cases are sporadic, laryngeal cleft may be associated with other congenital anomalies or syndromes. Though not frequently reported, familial occurrence of laryngeal cleft has been noted in our clinical experience.