Publications by authors named "Youjin Choi"

Bunny lines are vertical and diagonal wrinkles attributed to contractions of the nasalis muscle. Common management involves botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections into wrinkles immediately below the nasal bridge. Here, we investigated the anatomical structures underneath bunny lines and their relationships with adjacent muscular structures.

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We investigated the textural characteristics of plant-based meat alternatives based on root vegetables, including , , , and . The samples with root vegetables had significantly higher moisture contents than those without because of the water retention capacity of dietary fiber contained in root vegetables. Heating affects the structures and interactions of the plant-based proteins and other ingredients.

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SORT1 (sortilin 1), a member of the the Vps10 (vacuolar protein sorting 10) family, is involved in hepatic lipid metabolism by regulating very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion and facilitating the lysosomal degradation of CES1 (carboxylesterase 1), crucial for triglyceride (TG) breakdown in the liver. This study explores whether SORT1 is targeted for degradation by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a selective protein degradation pathway that directs proteins containing KFERQ-like motifs to lysosomes via LAMP2A (lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2A). Silencing LAMP2A or HSPA8/Hsc70 with siRNA increased cytosolic SORT1 protein levels.

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Multidrug resistance is a crucial factor contributing to the failure of cancer treatment. Multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) is the most relevant efflux transporter associated with multidrug resistance. The objective of this study was to identify potent MDR1 inhibitors from flavonols.

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This study aimed to elucidate the intramuscular distribution pattern of the medial plantar nerve and determine its motor nerve ending territories within the abductor hallucis muscle using modified Sihler's staining and external anatomical landmarks. The study included 40 specimens of the abductor hallucis muscle (13 men and seven women) from formalin-fixed (ten cadavers) and fresh cadavers (ten cadavers), with a mean age of 77.6 years.

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This review explores the biological aspects of neutrophils, their contributions to the development of steatotic liver disease, and their potential as therapeutic targets for the disease. Although alcohol-associated and metabolic dysfunction-associated liver diseases originate from distinct etiological factors, the two diseases frequently share excessive lipid accumulation as a common contributor to their pathogenesis, thereby classifying them as types of steatotic liver disease. Dysregulated lipid deposition in the liver induces hepatic injury, triggering the activation of the innate immunity, partially through neutrophil recruitment.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections affect bite force and muscle thickness in patients with sleep bruxism, comparing injections in the masseter muscle only versus both the masseter and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle (ABDM).
  • Twelve patients received BoNT-A injections into the masseter muscle (Group A), while twelve others received injections into both muscles (Group B), with measurements taken before and after the injections.
  • Results showed decreases in bite force and muscle thickness in both groups at all time points, but no significant differences were found between the groups, indicating the need for more research on BoNT's role in sleep bruxism management.
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Purpose: The anterior belly of the digastric muscle (ABDM) is the target of botulinum toxin injection; however, anatomical considerations related to the injection point are absent. This study used Sihler's staining to analyze the intramuscular nerve distribution of ABDM to identify the most effective botulinum toxin injection points.

Methods: We used 12 specimens from 6 embalmed cadavers in this study.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The regulation of SIRT1 is crucial for maintaining energy balance and is involved in various diseases, particularly how insulin interacts with it through DBC1 and PACS-2 to inhibit activity.
  • - Research reveals that the DBC1/PACS-2 complex in the liver manages SIRT1's daily activity, essential for switching fuel use from fat to glucose in response to insulin.
  • - Acetylation and phosphorylation of specific amino acids in DBC1 and SIRT1 affect their interaction, with implications for diseases like obesity and fatty liver disease if the regulatory pathway fails.
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Advances in virtual reality (VR) technology have sparked novel avenues of growth in the musical domain. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the rise of VR technology has led to growing interest in VR music concerts as an alternative to traditional live concerts. These virtual settings can provide immersion like attending real concerts for physically distant audiences and performers, and also can offer new creative possibilities.

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  • NSAID use, particularly diclofenac, can lead to liver damage due to oxidative stress in mitochondria, raising concerns about their safety.
  • Peroxiredoxin III (PrxIII), a key antioxidant in mitochondria, plays a protective role against diclofenac-induced toxicity, as its depletion leads to increased mitochondrial dysfunction and higher cell death rates.
  • The study suggests that targeting mitochondrial HO (hydroxyl radicals) with compounds like PrxIII could provide new therapeutic strategies to mitigate liver damage associated with NSAID use.
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The aim of this study was to identify the anatomical feature of retaining ligament and fat compartment on the lower eyelid and infraorbital region using a histological method, and to investigate clear definitions for them which could be used generally in the clinical area. Eighteen specimens from eight fresh Korean cadavers were stained with Masson trichrome or hematoxylin and eosin. The ligamentous and fascial fibrous tissue were clearly identified.

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Background: The aim of this study was to elucidate the anatomical structures of supporting system of the infraorbital area.

Materials And Methods: Forty-four hemifaces from eleven Korean and eleven Thai cadavers were used to dissect the infraorbital area. Based on the dissection and previous histologic results, they were analyzed.

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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the morphology of the three parts of the infraspinatus muscle based on surface landmarks for precise and effective access, and to propose the most effective fine-wire electrode insertion technique and sites.

Methods: Fifteen Asian fresh cadavers were used. We investigated the probability of the presence of the superior, middle, and inferior parts in each infraspinatus muscle based on surface landmarks.

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Mefenamic acid (MFA) is a commonly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. MFA is known to have potent antioxidant properties and a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress. However, its impact on the liver is unclear.

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The utilization of botulinum neurotoxin in the field of body contouring is on the rise. Body contouring procedures typically focus on specific muscle groups such as the superior trapezius, deltoid, and lateral head of the triceps brachii. The authors propose identifying optimal injection sites for botulinum neurotoxin to achieve desired aesthetic contouring of the shoulders and arms.

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Objective: Alterations in lipid metabolism are associated with aging and age-related diseases. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a lysosome-dependent process involved in specific protein degradation. Heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (Hsc70) recognizes cytosolic proteins with KFERQ motif and allows them to enter the lysosome via lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform A (LAMP2A).

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Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection for the treating plunged nose, post-rhinopasty and hyaluronic filler migration is common procedures in clinical settings. However, the lack of thorough anatomical understanding makes it difficult to locate the nose region muscles. The anatomical considerations concerned with BoNT injection into the nasalis, levator labii superioris alaeque, and depressor septi nasi muscles were reviewed in this study.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focused on the three-dimensional evaluation of the tibialis anterior tendon insertion sites on the medial cuneiform and the first metatarsal bone using 70 dissected lower limbs.
  • Three insertion patterns were identified, with the most common being a single tendon splitting into two equal bands, and the area of insertion was larger on the plantar aspect compared to the medial side.
  • The findings enhance the understanding of the tendon’s anatomy, which can aid in surgical reconstructions and provide insights into conditions like hallux valgus.
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The Sihler's stain is a whole-mount nerve staining technique that allows visualization of the nerve distribution and permits mapping of the entire nerve supply patterns of the organs, skeletal muscles, mucosa, skin, and other structures that contain myelinated nerve fibers. Unlike conventional approaches, this technique does not require extensive dissection or slide preparation. To date, the Sihler's stain is the best tool for demonstrating the precise intramuscular branching and distribution patterns of skeletal muscles.

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Background And Objectives: This study describes the intramuscular nerve branching of the deltoid muscle in relation to shoulder surface anatomy, with the aim of providing essential information regarding the most appropriate sites for botulinum neurotoxin injection during shoulder line contouring.

Methods: The modified Sihler's method was used to stain the deltoid muscles (16 specimens). The intramuscular arborization areas of the specimens were demarcated using the marginal line of the muscle origin and the line connecting the anterior and posterior upper edges of the axillary region.

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Purpose: Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is an important tool for diagnosing and treating GI diseases in children. This study aimed to analyze the current GI endoscopy practice patterns among South Korean pediatric endoscopists.

Methods: Twelve members of the Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition developed a questionnaire.

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The depressor anguli oris (DAO) muscle is a thin, superficial muscle located below the corner of the mouth. It is the target for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection therapy, aimed at treating drooping mouth corners. Hyperactivity of the DAO muscle can lead to a sad, tired, or angry appearance in some patients.

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This study aimed to identify ideal sites for botulinum toxin injection by analyzing the intramuscular nerve patterns of the triceps brachii muscles. A modified Sihler's method was applied to the triceps brachii muscle (15 specimens), with long, medial, and lateral heads. The intramuscular arborization areas of the long, medial, and lateral heads of the triceps brachii muscle were measured as a percentage of the total distance from the midpoint of the olecranon (0%) to the anteroinferior point of the acromion (100%), by dividing the medial and lateral parts based on the line connecting the midpoint of the olecranon and the anteroinferior point of the acromion.

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