Objectives: To examine the applicability of data on polio virus detection in stool by the Pathogen Surveillance System of Japan (PSSJ) for the evaluation of polio virus retention status in a regional community after oral polio vaccination (OPV).
Methods: (1) Data for the city of Kobe (part of the PSSJ data): Cases of polio virus detection in stool reported to Kobe City Public Health Center from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2010 were examined regarding time duration from vaccination to detection as well as age and gender. (2) PSSJ data: Cases of polio virus detection in stool reported to PSSJ from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2010 were examined regarding the serological types of the virus as well as age and gender.
Objective: Although flexible, current coils do not fill intracranial aneurysms to a high degree, and questions remain regarding their thrombogenic capacity. We evaluated the usefulness of calcium alginate as an embolic material for endovascular embolization in aneurysm models.
Methods: We assessed three endovascular methods of instilling calcium alginate into 10-mm sidewall and 7-mm bifurcation glass aneurysm models using a balloon catheter to seal the aneurysm orifice: 1) instillation of alginate and subsequent instillation of the reactive component calcium chloride (CaCl(2)) via a single-lumen catheter, 2) simultaneous instillation of alginate and CaCl(2) via a side-by-side double-lumen catheter, and 3) instillation of alginate mixed with CaCl(2) delivered from a concentric-tube microcatheter.
We analyzed CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) family protein levels during reperfusion after a single episode of sublethal forebrain ischemia in the gerbil hippocampus to investigate their expression after ischemia and correlation with neuronal cell death. The common carotid arteries were surgically exposed bilaterally and occluded for 10 min to induce forebrain ischemia in adult Mongolian gerbils. C/EBPalpha, beta, delta, epsilon, zeta protein immunoreactivity was expressed in the hippocampal layer of the CA1 region at 72 h after ischemia and peaked at 96 h.
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