A case of BK virus nephropathy and cytomegalovirus infection concurrent with plasma cell-rich acute rejection.

The BK virus is a double-stranded DNA virus to which 90% of adults have been exposed. BK virus infections typically result in an oral or respiratory infection; however, BK virus reactivation is an infectious disease of concern in kidney transplant recipients. The prevalence of BK virus nephropathy (BKN) in kidney transplant recipients is approximately 5%, and most cases occur within one yr after kidney transplantation.

Successful treatment of nephrotic syndrome caused by recurrent IgA nephropathy with chronic active antibody-mediated rejection three years after kidney transplantation.

Here, we report the successful treatment of a 38-yr-old Japanese man diagnosed with recurrent immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) with chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (CAAMR), three yr after undergoing living-related donor kidney transplantation. Immediately after transplantation, the allograft function was well maintained with a serum creatinine (S-Cr) level of <1.8 mg/dL.

Successful treatment of recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis combined with calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity four yr after kidney transplantation.

A 31-yr-old Japanese man with end-stage kidney disease caused by primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) underwent living related kidney transplantation at the age of 26 yr. The allograft functioned well immediately after surgery, and we did not observe histological findings of rejection and recurrent FSGS in protocol biopsies at two months and one yr after transplantation. Four years after transplantation, the urine protein excretion reached 11 g/d, and the serum creatinine increased over 2.

[Relapse prevention program for drug addicts in center for mental health and welfare].

The relapse prevention program named TAMARPP is provided for drug addicts at Tama comprehensive center for mental health and welfare. The TAMARPP is a group cognitive therapy based on manual and simple textbook. We are going to present the outline of the TAMARPP, and discuss the effectiveness of this program from the findings of clinical observation on 15 variables.

Regional and laminar differences in in vivo firing patterns of primate cortical neurons.

The firing rates of cortical neurons change in time; yet, some aspects of their in vivo firing characteristics remain unchanged and are specific to individual neurons. A recent study has shown that neurons in the monkey medial motor areas can be grouped into 2 firing types, "likely random" and "quasi-regular," according to a measure of local variation of interspike intervals. In the present study, we extended this analysis to area TE of the inferior temporal cortex and addressed whether this classification applies generally to different cortical areas and whether different types of neurons show different laminar distribution.