NL101 synergizes with the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax through PI3K-dependent suppression of c-Myc in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) comprises a group of heterogeneous and aggressive haematological malignancies with unsatisfactory prognoses and limited treatment options. Treatments targeting B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) with venetoclax have been approved for patients with AML, and venetoclax-based drug combinations are becoming the standard of care for older patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy. However, the therapeutic duration of either single or combination strategies is limited, and the development of resistance seems inevitable.

Wogonin induces mitochondrial apoptosis and synergizes with venetoclax in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is among the most aggressive hematological malignancies and patients are commonly treated with combinatorial immunochemotherapies such as R-CHOP. Till now, the prognoses are still variable and unsatisfactory, depending on the molecular subtype and the treatment response. Developing effective and tolerable new agents is always urgently needed, and compounds from a natural source have gained increasing attentions.

Licochalcone A induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and interacts with venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia.

The management of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a challenge because of the complexity and heterogeneity of this malignancy. Despite the recent approval of several novel targeted drugs, resistance seems inevitable, and clinical outcomes are still suboptimal. Increasing evidence supports the use of natural plants as an important source of anti-leukemic therapeutics.

Ln/Mn-Ln complexes derived from a salicylic azo dye ligand: synthesis, structures, magnetic and fluorescence properties.

Two Ln complexes Ln(HTMSA)(HO)·5.5HO (Ln = Dy (1) and Tb (2), HTMSA = 5-azotriazolyl-3-methoxysalicylaldehyde) and two Mn-Ln clusters [Mn(HO)][MnLn(TTMSA)(HTTMSA)(HO)]·4HO (Ln = Dy (3) and Tb (4), HTTMSA = 5-azotetrazolyl-3-methoxysalicylaldehyde) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that 1 and 2 are isostructural complexes in which the Ln ions are surrounded by six oxygen atoms from three chelate HTMSA ligands and two oxygen atoms from two coordinated water molecules forming a distorted square-anti-prismatic geometry.

The kava chalcone flavokawain B exerts inhibitory activity and synergizes with BCL-2 inhibition in malignant B-cell lymphoma.

Background: B-cell lymphoma, which originates from B cells at diverse differentiation stages, is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma with tremendous treatment challenges and unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. Flavokawain B (FKB), a naturally occurring chalcone extracted from kava, possesses promising anticancer properties. However, evidence on the effects of FKB on hematological malignancies, particularly lymphomas, remains scarce.

Platycodin D induces apoptotic cell death through PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways and synergizes with venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous and rapidly progressive hematopoietic neoplasm characterized by frequent relapses and variable prognoses. The development of new treatment options, therefore, is of crucial importance. Platycodin D (PD) is a triterpenoid saponin, extracted from the roots of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.

Platycodin D induces proliferation inhibition and mitochondrial apoptosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have unsatisfactory outcomes, especially when relapse occurs after initial chemotherapy. Platycodin D (PD), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A.

The Role and Research Progress of Inhibitor of Differentiation 1 in Atherosclerosis.

Inhibitor of differentiation 1 has a helix-loop-helix (HLH) structure, belongs to a class of molecules known as the HLH trans-acting factor family, and plays an important role in advancing the cell cycle, promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell differentiation. Recent studies have confirmed that inhibitor of differentiation 1 plays an important role in the endothelial-mesenchymal transition of vascular endothelial cells, angiogenesis, reendothelialization after injury, and the formation and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. An in-depth understanding of the role of inhibitor of differentiation 1 in atherosclerosis will provide new ideas and strategies for the treatment of related diseases.

Chronic mild corticosterone exposure during adolescence enhances behaviors and upregulates neuroplasticity-related proteins in rat hippocampus.

Adolescence is a critical period with ongoing maturational processes in stress-sensitive systems. It remains unknown how adolescent individuals would be affected by chronic exposure to corticosterone (the major stress hormone in rodents, CORT) at the doses that are usually not detrimental in adults. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with CORT (5 mg/kg) or vehicle for 21 days during adolescence (postnatal day (PND) 29-49) or adulthood (PND 71-91) and then subjected to behavioral testing or sacrifice for neurobiological analyses.

Differential Behavioral and Neurobiological Effects of Chronic Corticosterone Treatment in Adolescent and Adult Rats.

Adolescence is a critical period with ongoing maturational processes in stress-sensitive systems. While adolescent individuals show heightened stress-induced hormonal responses compared to adults, it is unclear whether and how the behavioral and neurobiological consequences of chronic stress would differ between the two age groups. Here we address this issue by examining the effects of chronic exposure to the stress hormone, corticosterone (CORT), in both adolescent and adult animals.

Long-term benzodiazepine use in patients with major depressive disorder in China.

Purpose: There have been no data about long-term benzodiazepine (BZD) use and its correlates in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in China. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of long-term BZD use (more than three months) and its demographic and clinical correlates in Chinese patients with MDD.

Design And Methods: A total of 1,192 patients with MDD were examined in 10 mental health centers in China.

Neonatal MK-801 treatment differentially alters the effect of adolescent or adult MK-801 challenge on locomotion and PPI in male and female rats.

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder and is typically "triggered" by subsequent insults in life. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist dizocilpine (MK-801) induces locomotor hyperactivity and prepulse inhibition (PPI) deficits, which can mimic the schizophrenia phenotype. In this experiment, we assessed whether neonatal exposure to MK-801 (postnatal days 5-14) could induce sensitization to both hyperactivity and PPI deficit caused by later-life acute MK-801 treatment during adolescence or adulthood.

Use of clozapine in older Asian patients with schizophrenia between 2001 and 2009.

Background: To date there has been no large-scale international study that examined the use of clozapine in older patients with schizophrenia. This study examined the use of clozapine and its demographic and clinical correlates in older patients with schizophrenia in East Asia during the period between 2001 and 2009.

Method: Information on 1,157 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia aged 50 or older in five East Asian countries and territories (China, Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore and Taiwan) was extracted from the database of the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns (REAP) project.

[Effects of seeding-box total fertilization on rice yield and nitrogen loss].

By using seeding-box total fertilization technology, a two-year field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of applying medium rate of controlled-release urea fertilizer (MN, 80 kg N x hm(-2)), high rate of controlled-release urea fertilizer (HN, 120 kg N x hm(-2)), and conventional urea fertilizer (FP, 300 kg N x hm(-2)) on rice yield and nitrogen loss. As compared with FP, HN did not decrease rice yield significantly, and MN and HN increased the two-year average nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by 26.2% and 20.

[Construction, expression and purification of trichosanthin mutant gene TCS(FYY163-165CSA);].

Aim: To construct and express a trichosanthin (TCS) gene mutant and purify the expressed product in E.coli.

Methods: The potential antigenic determinant was predicted on TCS molecule by computer modeling and induced for site-directed mutation.