HSP70 Ameliorates Septic Acute Kidney Injury via Binding with TRAF6 to Inhibit of Inflammation-Mediated Apoptosis.

Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most severe complications of sepsis, the pathological features of which are excessive inflammation and programmed cell death of resident renal cells. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a critical stress protein for repressing inflammation, however, its role in AKI is not fully understood. The current study aimed to determine the protective effect of HSP70 on septic AKI and its underlying mechanisms.

Comparison of Five Triage Tools for Identifying Mortality Risk and Injury Severity of Multiple Trauma Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department in the Daytime and Nighttime: A Retrospective Study.

Effective triage tools are indispensable for doctors to make a prompt decision for the treatment of multiple trauma patients in emergency departments (EDs). The Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), National Early Warning Score (NEWS), standardized early warning score (SEWS), Modified Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (mREMS), and Revised Trauma Score (RTS) are five common triage tools proposed for trauma management. However, few studies have compared these tools in a multiple trauma cohort and investigated the influence of nighttime admission on the performance of these tools.

Identification and validation of candidate genes dysregulated in alveolar macrophages of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common cause of death in ICU patients and its underlying mechanism remains unclear, which leads to its high mortality rate. This study aimed to identify candidate genes potentially implicating in the pathogenesis of ARDS and provide novel therapeutic targets.

Methods: Using bioinformatics tools, we searched for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in an ARDS microarray dataset downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by MicroRNA-495 Promoter Methylation May Contribute to the Progression of Acute Lung Injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary disorder that causes acute respiratory failure, thus leading to relative high mortality worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms of ALI remain largely unknown. MicroRNA (miRNA)-dependent control of gene expression at a post-transcriptional level has been recently reported.

The involvement of the laminin-integrin α7β1 signaling pathway in mechanical ventilation-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Introduction: The central objective of the study was to determine the possibility and potential mechanism by which the laminin-integrin α7β1 signaling pathway acts on mechanical ventilation (MV)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a rat model.

Methods: Fibrosis rat models were established via the mechanical injury method. Ninety rats were recruited and divided into the normal, low tidal volume (LVT), huge VT (HVT), Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS), LVT + RGDS and HVT + RGDS groups.

Protective effect of hydrogen-saturated saline on acute lung injury induced by oleic acid in rats.

Background: The purpose of the study is to investigate the role and mechanisms of hydrogen-saturated saline (HSS) in the acute lung injury (ALI) induced by oleic acid (OA) in rats.

Methods: Rats were treated with OA (0.1 mL/kg) to induce ALI and then administered with HSS (5 mL/kg) by intravenous (iv) and intraperitoneal (ip) injection, respectively.

Effects on Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Engineered to Express Neurotrophic Factors.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotential cells with capability to form colonies in vitro and differentiate into distinctive end-stage cell types. Although MSCs secrete many cytokines, the efficacy can be improved through combination with neurotrophic factors (NTFs). Moreover, MSCs are excellent opportunities for local delivery of NTFs into injured tissues.