A putative N-terminal nuclear export sequence is sufficient for Mps1 nuclear exclusion during interphase.

Background: Mps1, an essential component of the mitotic checkpoint, is also an important interphase regulator and has roles in DNA damage response, cytokinesis and centrosome duplication. Mps1 predominantly resides in the cytoplasm and relocates into the nucleus at the late G2 phase. So far, the mechanism underlying the Mps1 translocation between the cytoplasm and nucleus has been unclear.

Overexpression of Mps1 in colon cancer cells attenuates the spindle assembly checkpoint and increases aneuploidy.

The spindle assembly checkpoint kinase Mps1 is highly expressed in several types of cancers, but its cellular involvement in tumorigenesis is less defined. Herein, we confirm that Mps1 is overexpressed in colon cancer tissues. Further, we find that forced expression of Mps1 in the colon cancer cell line SW480 enables cells to become resistant to both Mps1 inhibition-induced checkpoint depletion and cell death.

Downregulation of microRNA miR-526a by enterovirus inhibits RIG-I-dependent innate immune response.

Unlabelled: Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is an intracellular RNA virus sensor that induces type I interferon-mediated host-protective innate immunity against viral infection. Although cylindromatosis (CYLD) has been shown to negatively regulate innate antiviral response by removing K-63-linked polyubiquitin from RIG-I, the regulation of its expression and the underlying regulatory mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Here we show that RIG-I activity is regulated by inhibition of CYLD expression mediated by the microRNA miR-526a.

Elevated expression of TANK-binding kinase 1 enhances tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer.

Resistance to antiestrogens is one of the major challenges in breast cancer treatment. Although phosphorylation of estrogen receptor α (ERα) is an important factor in endocrine resistance, the contributions of specific kinases in endocrine resistance are still not fully understood. Here, we report that an important innate immune response kinase, the IκB kinase-related TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), is a crucial determinant of resistance to tamoxifen therapies.

UV-C irradiation delays mitotic progression by recruiting Mps1 to kinetochores.

The effect of UV irradiation on replicating cells during interphase has been studied extensively. However, how the mitotic cell responds to UV irradiation is less well defined. Herein, we found that UV-C irradiation (254 nm) increases recruitment of the spindle checkpoint proteins Mps1 and Mad2 to the kinetochore during metaphase, suggesting that the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is reactivated.

Two LXXLL motifs in the N terminus of Mps1 are required for Mps1 nuclear import during G(2)/M transition and sustained spindle checkpoint responses.

Spindle assembly checkpoint kinase Mps1 is spatially and temporally regulated during cell cycle progression. Mps1 is predominately localized to the cytosol in interphase cells, whereas it is concentrated on kinetochores in prophase and prometaphase cells. The timing and mechanism of Mps1 redistribution during cell cycle transition is currently poorly understood.