Cyanidin-3-rutinoside from Mori Fructus ameliorates dyslipidemia via modulating gut microbiota and lipid metabolism pathway.

Dyslipidemia is responsible for pathologies of cardiovascular diseases and gut microbiota plays an essential role in lipid metabolism. Dietary supplementation is an important supplement to medicine in management of dyslipidemia. Mori Fructus is a popular Asia medical food with various pharmacological benefits including anti-hyperlipidemia.

Solvent-Controlled Diastereodivergent Synthesis of Hexahydropyrrolo[2,1-]isoquinolines through Pd/C-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative [3 + 2] Cycloaddition.

A Pd/C-catalyzed dehydrogenative [3 + 2] cycloaddition is described for the diastereoswitchable synthesis of hexahydropyrrolo[2,1-]isoquinolines by altering solvents. The reaction proceeds through a sequential Pd/C-catalyzed dehydrogenative formation of azomethine ylides from tetrahydroisoquinoline acetates and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with 2-nitroethenylbenzenes. This method displayed tunable diastereoselectivity, a broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility.

The gut microbiota-aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) axis mediates the anticolitic effect of polyphenol-rich extracts from .

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a significant global health concern. The gut microbiota plays an essential role in the onset and development of IBD. (SH), a traditional Chinese medicinal mushroom, has excellent anti-inflammatory effects and is effective at modulating the gut microbiota.

Gold/Chiral Amine Relay Catalysis Enables Asymmetric Synthesis of C2-Quaternary Indolin-3-ones.

A mild and effective strategy for the asymmetric synthesis of C2-quaternary indolin-3-ones from 2-alkynyl arylazides and ketones by gold/chiral amine relay catalysis is described. In this reaction, 2-alkynyl arylazides undergo gold-catalyzed cyclization, nucleophilic attack, and oxidation to form intermediate 2-phenyl-3-indol-3-ones, followed by an l-proline-catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reaction with ketones, to afford corresponding products in satisfactory yields with excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivities.

Development and comprehensive SBSE-GC/Q-TOF-MS analysis optimization, comparison, and evaluation of different mulberry varieties volatile flavor.

Optimization of seven parameters of stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) on mulberry volatile components for the first time. A total of 347 volatile components were identified and quantified in 14 mulberry varieties, predominantly encompassing esters, aldehydes, terpenoids, hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, heterocyclics, acids, and phenols. Hexanal and (E)-2-hexenal were the dominant volatiles.

Nucleophile-Controlled Trapping of Gold Carbene by Nitriles and Water: Synthesis of 5-Pyrimido[5,4-]indoles and 2-Benzylidene-3-indolinones.

A gold-catalyzed, nucleophile-controlled cascade reaction of -(2-azidophenyl-ynyl)methanesulfonamides with nitriles and water is described that provides structurally diverse 5-pyrimido[5,4-]indoles and 2-benzylidene-3-indolinones in good to excellent yields. Mechanistic studies indicate that the β-sulfonamido-α-imino gold carbene is the key intermediate which is generated through the gold-catalyzed cyclization of -(2-azidophenyl-ynyl)methanesulfonamides and undergoes formal [4 + 2] cascade annulation with nitriles and intramolecular S2' type reaction with water, respectively.

Mulberry leaf supplementation inhibits skatole deposition by regulating gut microbiota and upregulating liver cytochrome P450 1A1 expression in finishing pigs.

Skatole, a strong fecal odor substance, is generated through microbial degradation of tryptophan in the animal hindgut. It easily accumulates in adipose tissue and affects meat quality. In this study, the effect of mulberry leaf supplementation on skatole in finishing pigs was studied.

Schiff Base Complex Cocatalyst with Coordinatively Unsaturated Cobalt Sites for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation.

Integrating inorganic oxygen evolution cocatalysts (OECs) with photoanodes is regarded as an available strategy to increase the photogenerated charge utilization for accelerated water oxidation kinetics. Nevertheless, most widely used transition metal (oxyhydr)oxides OECs suffer from inevitable charge recombination at photoanode/OECs interfaces and underabundant catalytic active sites. Herein, a cobalt-organic complex with microflower-like features (denoted as MF) was constructed by coordination of Schiff base ligands and Co metal ions and then decorated on porous BiVO employed as photoanodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation.

Regio- and Stereoselective Hydrochlorination/Cyclization of 1,-Enynes by FeCl Catalysis.

A highly regio- and stereoselective hydrochlorination/cyclization of enynes has been reported by FeCl catalysis. A variety of enynes undergo this cyclization transformation with acetic chloride as the chlorine source and HO providing protons via a cationic pathway. This protocol provides a cheap, simple, stereospecific, and effective cyclization to afford heterocyclic alkenyl chloride compounds as isomers with high yields (≤98%) and regioselectivity.

Asymmetric Double Oxidative [3 + 2] Cycloaddition for the Synthesis of CF-Containing Spiro[pyrrolidin-3,2'-oxindole].

An asymmetric double oxidative [3 + 2] cycloaddition is reported. Oxidation of 3-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)indolin-2-ones and β-aryl-substituted aldehydes simultaneously and subsequent asymmetric cycloaddition in the presence of the chiral amino catalyst generated highly functionalized chiral CF-containing spiro[pyrrolidin-3,2'-oxindole] with four contiguous stereocenters stereoselectively, which is characterized by directly constructing two C-C bonds from four C(sp)-H bonds. This new method features mild conditions, broad substrate scope, and excellent functional group compatibility.

Investigation of the difference in color enhancement effect on cyanidin-3-O-glucoside by phenolic acids and the interaction mechanism.

Co-pigmentation effect of phenolic acids on cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and the mechanisms were investigated. Sinapic acid (SIA), ferulic acid (FA), p-coumaric acid (p-CA) and syringic acid (SYA) significantly enhanced C3G stability (P < 0.05), whereas vanillic acid (VA) and gallic acid (GA) showed no influence (P > 0.

Alcohol extracts of Chinese bayberry branch induce S-phase arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 cells.

The alcohol extracts of Chinese bayberry () branches (MRBE) are rich in flavonoids which have a variety of medicinal benefits, but their effects on human HepG2 were unknown. In this study, the effects of MRBE on HepG2 cell growth and its potential for inhibiting cancer were explored. The results displayed that MRBE inhibited HepG2 proliferation both by arresting cells in S phase and promoting apoptosis.

Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction of 2-Alkynyl Aryl Azides with Enecarbamates for Direct Synthesis of α-(3-Indolyl)ketones.

α-(3-Indolyl)ketones are essential building blocks for the generation of biologically active molecules. We described a new method for the direct assembly of α-(3-indolyl)ketones through the cascade reaction of 2-alkynyl aryl azides with enecarbamates, in which the in situ generated α-imino gold carbene intermediate was trapped by enecarbamate to achieve umpolung reactivity of indole at the 3-position.

Non-targeted metabonomics and transcriptomics revealed the mechanism of mulberry branch extracts promoting the growth of mycelium.

is a wood-inhabiting fungus, and its mycelium and fruiting body show excellent medicinal values. Mulberry is one of the major hosts of , however, the mechanism of mulberry affecting the growth of has not been reported. In the present study, a mulberry-inhabiting strain of was selected to explore the effects of mulberry branch extracts (MBE) on the growth of the strain.

Construction of a chiral zinc-camphorate framework for enantioselective separation.

A chiral metal-organic framework (CMOF) with open chiral channels and multiple recognition sites is constructed from camphoric acid and a dipyridyl ligand. It can act as an efficient chiral solid adsorbent, capable of separating a variety of racemic alcohols and epoxides with excellent enantioselectivities.

Enantioseparation in Hierarchically Porous Assemblies of Homochiral Cages.

Efficient enantioselective separation using porous materials requires tailored and diverse pore environments to interact with chiral substrates; yet, current cage materials usually feature uniform pores. Herein, we report two porous assemblies, and , using isostructural octahedral cages with intrinsic microporous cavities of 1.5 nm.

Preparation and Antioxidant Properties of Germinated Soybean Protein Hydrolysates.

In this study, soybeans during different germination stages were described and compared with regard to morphology, water content, protein, amino acids, and isoflavones. The optimal conditions for the hydrolysis of proteins obtained from germinated soybeans were determined using the response surface methodology. Gel filtration chromatography was used to separate germinated soybean protein hydrolysates after ultrafiltration, whereas 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ABTS, and FRAP assays were used to assess the antioxidant activity of different fractions.

Access to 3-Sulfonamidoquinolines by Gold-Catalyzed Cyclization of 1-(2'-Azidoaryl)propargylsulfonamides through 1,2- Migration.

We describe a gold-catalyzed cyclization of 1-(2'-azidoaryl)propargylsulfonamides for the synthesis of 3-sulfonamidoquinolines, featuring a rare and highly selective 1,2- migration. The key α-imino gold carbene intermediate is generated through an intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the azide group to the Au-activated triple bonds in a 6-endo-dig manner.

Homochiral Dodecanuclear Lanthanide "Cage in Cage" for Enantioselective Separation.

It is extremely difficult to anticipate the structure and the stereochemistry of a complex, particularly when the ligand is flexible and the metal node adopts diverse coordination numbers. When trivalent lanthanides (Ln) and enantiopure amino acid ligands are utilized as building blocks, self-assembly sometimes yields rare chiral polynuclear structures. In this study, an enantiopure carboxyl-functionalized amino acid-based ligand with symmetry reacts with lanthanum cations to give a homochiral porous coordination cage, (Δ/Λ)-.

Aqueous extracts of induce S-phase arrest and apoptosis in human melanoma A375 cells.

, also called 'Sanghuang' mushroom in Chinese, has various medicinal uses, but its effects on human melanoma cells have not been reported. The present study investigated the inhibitory ability and potential anticancer mechanism of the aqueous extracts of (SH). The results revealed that SH inhibited the proliferation of A375 human melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, and flow cytometry analysis suggested that SH induced A375 cell cycle arrest at S phase and apoptosis.

Chemical structure and anti-inflammatory activity of a branched polysaccharide isolated from Phellinus baumii.

Phellinus baumii is used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gastroenteritis. In this study, a 46 kDa heteropolysaccharide SHPS-1 was isolated from fruiting bodies of P. baumii.

Anti-Inflammatory Properties In Vitro and Hypoglycaemic Effects of Phenolics from Cultivated Fruit Body of in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Dietary intervention in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a hotspot in international research because of potential threats to human health. , a wild fungus traditionally used as a food and medicine source, is now cultivated in certain East Asian countries, and is rich in polyphenols, which are effective anti-inflammatory ingredients useful in treatment of T2DM, with fewer side effects than drugs. To examine the hypoglycaemic effects of phenolics (PPE), the metabolite profiles of T2DM mice induced by streptozotocin after PPE intervention were systematically analyzed.

The Gut Microbiota-Produced Indole-3-Propionic Acid Confers the Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Mulberry-Derived 1-Deoxynojirimycin.

Hyperlipidemia is a worldwide epidemic with an obvious gender disparity in incidence. Modulations on gut microbiota by traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are emerging as a potential rationale governing the profitable effects of drugs on hyperlipidemia. However, it is unclear how gut microbes regulate the progression of hyperlipidemia.