MLN4924 Suppresses head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by inactivating the mTOR signaling pathway via the NEDD8/CUL4/TSC2 axis.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive cancer with a five-year survival rate below 50 %. Standard treatments for HNSCC include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, but they still have significant limitations. Neddylation, a post-translational modification involving the attachment of NEDD8 (neural precursor cells expressed developmentally down-regulated 8) to proteins, is frequently dysregulated in HNSCC, thereby promoting tumor growth.

[Correlation between offspring congenital heart disease and MTHFR 677C/T polymorphism and general status of pregnant women].

Objective: To understand the relationship between MTHFR 677C/T polymorphism and general status of pregnant women and offspring congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: A case-control study was conducted among the biological mothers of 100 infants with CHD and 100 healthy controls to collect the information about their demographic characteristics, general status during pregnancy and awareness of eugenics. Their MTHFR 677C/T polymorphism and serum homocysteine (HCY), folic acid, vitamin B12 levels were detected.

Heat shock protein 90 has roles in intracellular calcium homeostasis, protein tyrosine phosphorylation regulation, and progesterone-responsive sperm function in human sperm.

Heat shock protein 90 plays critical roles in client protein maturation, signal transduction, protein folding and degradation, and morphological evolution; however, its function in human sperm is not fully understood. Therefore, our objective in this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which heat shock protein 90 exerts its effects on human sperm function. By performing indirect immunofluorescence staining, we found that heat shock protein 90 was localized primarily in the neck, midpiece, and tail regions of human sperm, and that its expression increased with increasing incubation time under capacitation conditions.