Characteristics of after-discharges following compound muscle action potential or F-wave in primary peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndrome.

Introduction/aims: F-wave testing frequently reveals after-discharges of varied morphologies in patients with primary peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndrome (PNHS), although reports are scant. This study aimed to explore the morphological characteristics of the after-discharges during F-wave tests in PNHS, and to assess the association between after-discharges and the disease classification.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with PNHS between 2014 and 2022.

CXCL10 impairs synaptic plasticity and was modulated by cGAS-STING pathway after stroke in mice.

Sensorimotor deficits following stroke remain a major cause of disability, but little is known about the specific pathological mechanisms. Exploring the pathological mechanisms and identifying potential therapeutic targets to promote functional rehabilitation after stroke are essential. CXCL10, also known as interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), plays an important role in multiple brain disorders by mediating synaptic plasticity, yet its role in stroke is still unclear.

The combined effects of overweight/obesity and dietary antioxidant quality score on hypertension in children and adolescents.

Background: This study was to evaluate the combined effects of overweight/obesity and DAQS on the risk of hypertension in children and adolescents.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the data of 14,316 subjects were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the associations of obesity and DAQS with the risk of hypertension.

Treatment of primary progressive aphasia by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

To evaluate the efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA). In this randomized, double-blind trial in a single center, patients who were diagnosed with PPA were randomly assigned to receive either real rTMS or sham rTMS treatment. High-frequency rTMS was delivered to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).

MicroRNA-506 modulates insulin resistance in human adipocytes by targeting S6K1 and altering the IRS1/PI3K/AKT insulin signaling pathway.

The incidence of obesity has increased rapidly, becoming a worldwide public health issue that involves insulin resistance. A growing number of recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs play a significant role in controlling the insulin signaling network. For example, miR-506-3p expression has been demonstrated to correlate with insulin sensitivity; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown.

Nerve ultrasound studies in POEMS syndrome.

Introduction: The aim of our study was to assess the ultrasonographic features of peripheral nerves in patients with POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes) syndrome.

Method: 34 POEMS syndrome patients and 26 healthy control (HC) participants were recruited prospectively. Cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured in nerves of limbs, trunks of brachial plexus, and cervical nerve roots RESULTS: The CSAs were mildly enlarged at the arm segment of median nerve, elbow segment of ulnar nerve and upper trunk, moderately enlarged at the forearm segment of both median and ulnar nerve, upper trunk of brachial plexus, and C6, C7 cervical nerve roots, and markedly enlarged at the arm segment of ulnar nerve, middle and lower trunk of brachial plexus, as well as C5 cervical root.

Peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndrome: A clinical, electrophysiological, and immunological study.

Introduction: Peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndrome (PNHS) is characterized by muscle fasciculations and spasms. Nerve hyperexcitability and after-discharges can be observed in electrophysiological studies. Autoimmune mechanisms play a major role in the pathophysiology of primary PNHS.

Sensitivity and specificity of single and combined clouds analyses compared with quantitative motor unit potential analysis.

Introduction: Turns-amplitude, number of small segments (NSS)-activity, and envelope-activity clouds are three methods of electromyography (EMG) interference pattern analysis. Our objective was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of each individual cloud analysis and combined clouds analysis to compare with that of quantitative motor unit potential (QMUP) analysis.

Methods: A total of 379 muscles from 100 patients were analyzed by both QMUP and clouds analyses.

A prospective study on split-hand index as a biomarker for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

To determine the practical diagnostic utility of split-hand index (SI) values calculated from F-wave persistence (SI) and the F/M amplitude ratio (SI) for differentiating patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from other conditions. : This prospective study recruited consecutive patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China, between June 2019 and December 2019. Patients 18-80 years old who had clinical neuromuscular symptoms affecting the upper limbs and required electrophysiological examinations to aid diagnosis were eligible.

Split-hand index in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an F-wave study.

Split-hand sign is a useful clinical and electrophysiological feature in the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We proposed a novel split-hand index (SI) using F-wave persistence (FP) and assessed its diagnostic utility in ALS. Eighty-three consecutive ALS patients were recruited, and 50 healthy, age-, and height-matched volunteers were used as a control group.

Reassessment of Split-Leg Signs in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Differential Involvement of the Extensor Digitorum Brevis and Abductor Hallucis Muscles.

The muscle patterns involved in the "split-leg" syndrome of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains controversial. We sought to evaluate and reassess the pattern of the extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) and the abductor hallucis (AH) muscles' involvement in split-leg syndrome in ALS. We recruited 60 consecutive patients with ALS and 25 healthy controls (HCs).

Mutation analysis of KIF5A in Chinese amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an age-related fatal neurodegenerative orphan disorder that is characterized by progressive injury of both the upper and lower motor neurons. Recently, loss-of-function mutations predominately disrupting the C-terminal amino acid sequence of KIF5A via aberrant exon 27 splicing have been reported in European ALS cohorts. However, the contributions of KIF5A mutations in Asian patients with ALS remain unclear.

miRNA profiling in the hippocampus of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder rats.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by attention  deficit, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and learning and memory impairment. Although the pathogenesis of learning and memory impairment is still unknown, some studies have suggested an association with hippocampus dysfunction. We aimed to explore the role of miRNAs in the learning and memory impairments observed in ADHD.

Serum levels of trace elements in children born after assisted reproductive technology.

Introduction: The health and development of newborn children born via assisted reproductive technology (ART), as well as their health in adulthood, have raised great concern. This study was designed to investigate whether ART children have differences in the levels of trace elements compared with naturally conceived children.

Methods: This study included those ART children and controls aged 1 to 12 years assessed with a follow-up protocol.

Creatine kinase level and its relationship with quantitative electromyographic characteristics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: To explore the relationship between serum creatine kinase (CK) level and electromyographic characteristics in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Methods: Two hundred thirty-eight consecutive ALS patients were enrolled. All patients underwent electrophysiological study with a consistent approach.

MicroRNA-1 inhibits tumorigenicity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and enhances sensitivity to gefitinib.

Dysregulation of microRNAs in various types of human cancer promote or suppress oncogenesis. MicroRNA (miR)-1 was previously revealed to function as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer cells, and its expression was associated with reduced metastatic potential in lung cancer. The present study investigated the role of miR-1 and its association with phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA) in the pathophysiology of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and analyzed the effects of miR-1 inhibitor or mimics on sensitivity to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the alterations of cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in ESCC cells.

Mechanism hypotheses for the electrophysiological manifestations of two cases of endplate acetylcholinesterase deficiency related congenital myasthenic syndrome.

Objective: To summarize the electrophysiological characteristics of two cases of endplate acetylcholinesterase deficiency (EAD) related congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) caused by COLQ mutation and to discuss the possible mechanism of these electrophysiological phenomena.

Methods: Electrophysiological examinations were conducted including nerve conduction studies, routine electromyography (EMG), repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) and single fiber EMG (SFEMG). The ulnar nerve was also stimulated at 50 Hz followed by 0.

Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status with bone mineral density in 0-7 year old children.

Objective: To describe the status of serum 25-hydoxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and identify the relationship between 25(OH)D and bone mineral density (BMD). In an effort to explore the appropriate definition of vitamin D (VD) deficiency in 0-7 year old children.

Results: The median serum 25(OH)D concentrations was 62.

Associations between polymorphisms of long non-coding RNA MEG3 and risk of colorectal cancer in Chinese.

Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), is involved in cancer development and metastasis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MEG3 could be related with colorectal cancer risk in Chinese. We genotyped six tagSNPs of MEG3 in a colorectal cancer case-control study including 518 cases and 527 control subjects.

Design Procedure and Fabrication of Reproducible Silicon Vernier Devices for High-Performance Refractive Index Sensing.

In this paper, we propose a generalized procedure for the design of integrated Vernier devices for high performance chemical and biochemical sensing. In particular, we demonstrate the accurate control of the most critical design and fabrication parameters of silicon-on-insulator cascade-coupled racetrack resonators operating in the second regime of the Vernier effect, around 1.55 μm.

Liquorrhoea associated with intrapelvic meningocele resection successfully treated by conservative therapy: a case report.

Asymptomatic intrapelvic meningocele is rare. Here, we report the case of a 30-year-old Chinese man who underwent sigmoidectomy due to megacolon. During the operation, an intrapelvic cyst was found and resected.

Laser erasable implanted gratings for integrated silicon photonics.

In this work we experimentally demonstrate laser erasable germanium implanted Bragg gratings in SOI. Bragg gratings are formed in a silicon waveguide by ion implantation induced amorphization, and are subsequently erased by a contained laser thermal treatment process. An extinction ratio up to 24dB has been demonstrated in transmission for the fabricated implanted Bragg gratings with lengths up to 1000µm.

Low loss silicon waveguides for the mid-infrared.

Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) has been used as a platform for near-infrared photonic devices for more than twenty years. Longer wavelengths, however, may be problematic for SOI due to higher absorption loss in silicon dioxide. In this paper we report propagation loss measurements for the longest wavelength used so far on SOI platform.

[Evaluation on intervening efficacy of health education on accidental suffocation and drowning of children aged 0 - 4 in countryside].

Objective: The main causes of death in children aged 0 - 4 were accidental suffocation and drowning which had a significant relation with parents' lack of prevention knowledge and effective measures. By comparing parents' acknowledge and behavior in preventing accidental suffocation and drowning and the mortality rate of accidental suffocation and drowning after intervening with those before the intervening, evaluation was made on intervening efficacy of health education.

Methods: Six counties in north Jiangsu were involved in the survey.