Continuous Positive-Pressure Oxygen Supply Improves Fiberoptic Intubation Efficacy and Safety in Patients With Simulated Cervical Spinal Injury: A Prospective Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: Fiberoptic intubation is an important method for tracheal intubation in patients with cervical spine injury. How to effectively and safely complete fiberoptic intubation while maintaining the stability of the cervical spine is very important. This study compared the efficiency and safety of fiberoptic intubation after anesthesia induction under different types of air pressure in patients with simulated cervical spinal injury.

Inhibitory artificial synapses based on photoelectric co-modulation of graphene/WSevan der Waals heterojunctions.

Optical artificial synapses possess several advantages, including high bandwidth, strong interference immunity, and ultra-fast signal transmission, overcoming the limitations of electrically stimulated synapses. Among various functional materials, 2D materials exhibit exceptional optical and electrical properties. By utilizing van der Waals heterostructures formed by these materials through rational design, synaptic devices can mimic the information perception ability of biological systems.

The effect of intravenous granisetron on prophylactic ephedrine for preventing hypotension after general anaesthesia induction in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Serotonin 3 receptor antagonists, a commonly used drug for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting, have recently been reported to decrease the incidence of hypotension and the need for vasoactive drugs after spinal anaesthesia in obstetric surgery. However, it remains unknown whether they could also prevent hypotension after induction of general anaesthesia. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of intravenous granisetron on prophylactic ephedrine for preventing hypotension after general anaesthesia induction in elderly patients.

Lipocalin 2 in the Paraventricular Thalamic Nucleus Contributes to DSS-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors.

The incidence rate of anxiety and depression is significantly higher in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) than in the general population. The mechanisms underlying dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced depressive-like behaviors are still unclear. We clarified that IBD mice induced by repeated administration of DSS presented depressive-like behaviors.

Microglial pyroptosis in hippocampus mediates sevolfurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged mice via ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication with its pathophysiological mechanisms not been fully elucidated. Pyroptosis is a novel type of pro-inflammatory cell death and considered to be associated with cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the effect of pyroptosis on sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged mice as well as its underlying mechanism.

Ac-YVAD-cmk ameliorated sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction and revised mitophagy impairment.

It is common for elderly patients to develop postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), but the pathophysiological mechanisms have not yet been fully explored. NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitophagy impairment was involved in neurodegenerative disease. This study investigated the interaction of NLRP3 inflammasome and mitophagy in sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction.

Unexpected difficult airway due to severe upper tracheal distortion: A case report.

Background: Difficult airway is a significant cause of anesthesia-associated death and disability. Currently, physical examinations of thyromental distance, mouth opening, Mafampaii classification, combined with X-ray, computed tomography (CT), and other imaging technologies are mainly used to evaluate difficult airways. However, in many special cases, , emergency surgery, imaging examinations cannot be completed preoperatively.

Egr2 contributes to age-dependent vulnerability to sevoflurane-induced cognitive deficits in mice.

Sevoflurane inhalation is prone to initiate cognitive deficits in infants. The early growth response-2 (Egr-2) gene is DNA-binding transcription factor, involving in cognitive function. In this study we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the vulnerability to cognitive deficits after sevoflurane administration.

Comparison of Metaraminol, Phenylephrine, and Norepinephrine Infusion for Prevention of Hypotension During Combined Spinal-Epidural Anaesthesia for Elective Caesarean Section: A Three-Arm, Randomized, Double-Blind, Non-Inferiority Trial.

Background: A direct comparison of phenylephrine, metaraminol, and norepinephrine in preventing hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for elective caesarean section has never been made.

Patients And Methods: Seventy-five parturients scheduled for elective caesarean section were randomly assigned into the three groups. After spinal anaesthesia induction, patients received a bonus dose of vasopressor (norepinephrine 4ug, phenylephrine 50ug, or metaraminol 250ug) combined with continuous infusion (norepinephrine 8ug/mL, phenylephrine 100ug/mL, or metaraminol 500ug/mL) at a rate of 30 mL/h to prevent hypotension.

Quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia after cesarean section: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis.

The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic efficacy of QLB versus controls in women undergoing cesarean section (CS). We systematically searched Cochrane Library, PUBMED, EMBASE, VIP, WANFANG, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Trials were eligible if parturients received QLB during CS.

Analgesic efficacy and safety of erector spinae plane block in breast cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Surgical resection is considered to be the primary and most effective therapy for breast cancer, postoperative pain is an issue gaining significant attention. In recent years, erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has attracted much attention in postoperative analgesia, but its effectiveness is still controversial. This meta-analysis was implemented to verify the clinical analgesic efficacy and safety of erector spinae plane block in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery.

Mitophagy impairment is involved in sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged rats.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is frequently observed in elderly patients following anesthesia, but its pathophysiological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Sevoflurane was reported to repress autophagy in aged rat neurons; however, the role of mitophagy, which is crucial for the control of mitochondrial quality and neuronal health, in sevoflurane-induced POCD in aged rats remains undetermined. Therefore, this study investigated whether mitophagy impairment is involved in sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction.

Correlation between acromiohumeral distance and the severity of supraspinatus tendon tear by ultrasound imaging in a Chinese population.

Background: The aim of this study was twofold: (i) to investigate the intrarater reliability of acromiohumeral distance measurement; (ii) to assess the level of association between acromiohumeral distance measured by ultrasonography, and the degree of supraspinatus tendon tear, in patients suffering from chronic shoulder pain.

Methods: A cross-sectional, case-control study was carried out. A convenience sample comprising 59 patients with a unilateral supraspinatus tendon tear was assessed.

The potential mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older people.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common disorder following surgery, which seriously threatens the quality of patients' life, especially the older people. Accumulating attention has been paid to POCD worldwide in pace with the popularization of anesthesia/surgery. The development of medical humanities and rehabilitation medicine sets higher demands on accurate diagnosis and safe treatment system of POCD.

Ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block versus transversus abdominis plane block for pain management following inguinal hernia repair surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Controversy still exists regarding the efficiency and safety of ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve (II/IH) block versus transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for pain management after inguinal hernia repair. The purpose of the current meta-analysis was to perform a relatively credible and comprehensive assessment to compare the efficiency and safety of II/IH versus TAP for pain management after inguinal hernia repair.

Methods: The PUBMED, CENTRAL, and EMBASE were systematically searched.

The safety and efficiency of intravenous administration of tranexamic acid in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG): a meta-analysis of 28 randomized controlled trials.

Background: The safety and efficiency of intravenous administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains unconfirmed. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis on this topic.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PUBMED and EMBASE for randomized controlled trials on the topic.

Autophagy Is Involved in the Sevoflurane Anesthesia-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction of Aged Rats.

Autophagy is associated with regulation of both the survival and death of neurons, and has been linked to many neurodegenerative diseases. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is commonly observed in elderly patients following anesthesia, but the pathophysiological mechanisms are largely unexplored. Similar effects have been found in aged rats under sevoflurane anesthesia; however, the role of autophagy in sevoflurane anesthesia-induced hippocampal neuron apoptosis of older rats remains elusive.

Autophagy activation prevents sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in H4 human neuroglioma cells.

Aim: The inhaled anesthetic sevoflurane may induce cognitive impairment in both animals and humans. Previous study has shown that sevoflurane triggers ER stress and may lead to apoptosis in rat hippocampal neurons. In this study, we examined whether sevoflurane caused autophagy and its contributions to sevoflurane induced neuronal cell injury.

Comparison of early recovery and cognitive function after desflurane and sevoflurane anaesthesia in elderly patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: A meta-analysis to compare postoperative cognitive function and the time to specific recovery events in elderly patients (aged >65 years) anaesthetized with sevoflurane or desflurane.

Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed(®), Embase(®), Cochrane Library and Chinese Biomedical databases was performed using the keywords 'sevoflurane' and 'desflurane'. Data and characteristics of appropriate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were extracted.