Correlation between expression of 1 α -hydroxylase and hypocalcaemia in rats with severe pancreatitis.

Objective: To investigate the essential biochemical indices like 1 -hydroxylase and hypocalcaemia in the rats with severe acute pancreatitis and explore the correlation between them.

Methods: A total of 120 SPF grade Wistar male rats which were in similar physiological status were selected and randomly divided into two groups: sham group (SO group) and severe acute pancreatitis group (SAP group). Then they were divided into 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h subgroups according to the killing time.

Femoral venous oxygen saturation and central venous oxygen saturation in critically ill patients.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO(2)) and femoral venous oxygen saturation (SfvO(2)) in a large group of critically ill patients.

Design: Observational study.

Patients: A group of unselected critically ill patients with central line placed into superior vena cava were included.

[Role of 6% hydroxyethylstarch 130/0.4 and furosemide in the treatment of acute pancreatitis].

This study was conducted to observe the effects of intravenously administered 6% hydroxyethylstarch 130/ 0.4 solution and furosemide on the outcome of acute pancreatitis patients. Patients admitted to our center from October 16, 2007 through August 31, 2009 were given intravenous infusions of 6% hydroxyethylstarch 130/0.

[A sharp rise in portal vein pressure, not arterial constriction, initiates bile salt-induced pancreatic microcirculatory disturbance].

It was reported that pancreatic arteries constricted during the early phase of bile salt-induced acute pancreatitis (AP), leading to pancreatic microcirculatory disturbance. We conducted this experiment to verify whether the above-mentioned finding was true. AP was induced with intraductal injection of taurodeoxyholate.

[Association between toll like receptor 4 (896A>G) mutations and pancreatic necrotic infection in severe acute pancreatitis].

Objective: To determine the relationship between Toll like receptor (TLR) 4 (896A>G) mutations and pancreatic necrotic infection in acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods: TLR4 (896A>G) mutations were detected by mispairing PCR-RFLP analysis technique in the patients with pancreatic necrosis and healthy volunteers.

Results: (1) All of the TLR4 mutations were heterozygotes; (2) The G allele frequencies of TLR4 genes were significantly higher in the patients with pancreatic infection than in the healthy volunteers; (3) The incidence of gram-negative infection was significantly higher in the patients with the TLR4 mutations [15 (44.

[Distribution of micrometastatic nodules of low rectal cancer in mesorectum: a pathological study using whole-mount sections].

Objective: To investigate the regional spread of micrometastatic nodules in the mesorectum from low rectal cancer, and provide further pathological evidence to optimize radical resection procedure for rectal cancer.

Methods: A total of 62 patients with low rectal cancer underwent low anterior resection and total mesorectal excision (TME) was included in this study. Surgical specimens were sliced transversely and serial embedded blocks were made at 2.

[Effects of analogs of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide on acute pancreatitis in rats].

Objective: To examine the effects of analogs of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP)--PACAP6-27 (10, 100 microg/kg) and (4-Cl-D-Phe6, Leu17)VIP (10, 100 microg/kg) on the pancreata of normal rats and on the development of experimental acute pancreatitis.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were allocated into normal control groups, experimental acute pancreatitis groups and PACAP analog intervention groups. Acute pancreatitis was induced with s.

[On PACAP-aggravated experimental acute pancreatitis].

The role of PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide), a peptidergic transmitter, in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis is not yet clear. This experiment was conducted to examine the action of exogenous PACAP on rat pancreas and on the course of experimental acute pancreatitis. The results showed that 5-30 microg/kg of PACAP slightly raised the serum amylase level, induced pancreatic edema (23.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating-peptide and its receptor antagonists in development of acute pancreatitis in rats.

Aim: Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating-peptide (PACAP) is a late member of the secretin/glucagon/vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) family of brain-gut peptides. It is unknown whether PACAP takes part in the development of acute pancreatitis and whether PACAP or its antagonists can be used to suppress the progression of acute pancreatitis. We investigated the actions of PACAP and its receptor antagonists in acute pancreatitis on rats.

Microscopic spread of low rectal cancer in regions of the mesorectum: detailed pathological assessment with whole-mount sections.

Background And Aims: The aim was to investigate the regional spread of microscopic tumor nodules in the mesorectum of patients with low rectal cancer, and to provide further pathological evidence for optimal procedure selection of radical resection for rectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-two patients with low rectal cancer underwent low anterior resection and total mesorectal excision (TME). Surgical specimens were sliced transversely on serial embedded blocks at 2.

Microscopic spread of low rectal cancer in regions of mesorectum: pathologic assessment with whole-mount sections.

Aim: To assess the microscopic spread of low rectal cancer in mesorectum regions to provide pathological evidence for the necessity of total mesorectal excision (TME).

Methods: A total of 62 patients with low rectal cancer underwent low anterior resection and TME, surgical specimens were sliced transversely on the serial embedded blocks at 2.5 mm interval, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE).

Role of COX-2 in microcirculatory disturbance in experimental pancreatitis.

Aim: To elucidate the role of COX-2 in the development of capillary leakage in rats with acute interstitial pancreatitis.

Methods: Rats with acute interstitial pancreatitis were induced by caerulein subcutaneous injection. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the gene expression of COX-2 in pancreatic tissues, spectrophotometry was used to assay the parameters of acute pancreatitis such as the serum amylase and plasma myeloperoxidase, and determination of capillary permeability in the pancreas by quantifying the permeability index (PI) assisted response of pancreatic microvascular via intravital fluorescence microscope video image analysis system.

Effect of inducible cyclooxygenase expression on local microvessel blood flow in acute interstitial pancreatitis.

Objective: To investigate the role of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) mRNA expression in local microvessels in rats with acute interstitial pancreatitis (AIP) induced by caerulein injection.

Methods: The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect COX-2 gene expression in pancreatic tissue. Parameters of acute pancreatitis, such as serum amylase (AMS) and plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, were assayed using spectrophotometry.

Pancreatic microcirculatory impairment in experimental acute pancreatitis in rats.

Aim: To study the feature of pancreatic microcirculatory impairment, especially the initial changes, in caerulein-induced experimental acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods: The pancreatic microcirculation of caerulein-induced AP model was studied by intravital fluorescence microscopy with FITC-labeled erythrocytes (FITC-RBC), scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts, and light microscopy of Chinese ink-injected/cleared tissues.

Results: Animals in caerulein-treated group showed hyperamylemia (X2), pancreatic oedema, infiltration of inflammatory cells in pancreas.

Influencing factors of pancreatic microcirculatory impairment in acute panceatitis.

Pancreatic microcirculatory disturbance plays an important role in th e pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis, and it involves a series of changes including vasoconstriction, ischaemia, increased vascular permeability, impairment of nutritive tissue perfusion, ischaemia/reperfusion, leukocyte adherence, hemorrheological changes and impaired lymphatic drainage. Ischaemia possibly acts as an initiating factor of pancreatic microcirculatory injury in acute pancreatitis, or as an aggravating/continuing mechanism. The end-artery feature of the intralobular arterioles suggests that the pancreatic microcirculation is highly susceptible to ischaemia.