Toxic epidermal necrolysis caused by viral hepatitis A: a case report and literature review.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare but serious immune-mediated life-threatening skin and mucous membrane reaction that is mainly caused by drugs, infections, vaccines, and malignant tumors. A 74-year-old woman presented with a moderate fever of unknown cause, which was relieved after 2 days, but with weakness and decreased appetite. Red maculopapules appeared successively on the neck, trunk, and limbs, expanding gradually, forming herpes and fusion, containing a yellow turbidous liquid and rupturing to reveal a bright red erosive surface spreading around the eyes and mouth.

Double plasma molecular adsorption system for Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis: A case report.

Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are very serious skin allergies, with an etiology related to infections and medication. Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has also been considered to cause SJS/TEN.

Case Summary: We report the case of a woman in her thirties who took acetaminophen after contracting COVID-19.

Hemocholecyst caused by accidental injury associated with radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective and safe treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma that features a lower incidence of serious complications than surgical resection. Hemocholecyst caused by RFA is a rare complication of secondary damage to the intrahepatic bile duct that results in hemobilia.

Case Summary: Here we report on a case of a hemocholecyst caused by accidental injury during RFA that induced hematemesis and melena.

Clinicopathological features of 11 cases of chronic hepatitis B infection complicated with primary biliary cholangitis.

Background: Only a few cases of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) have been reported based on histological evidence from liver biopsies.

Aim: To observe the clinicopathological features and outcomes of 11 patients with CHB infection complicated by PBC.

Methods: Eleven patients with CHB and PBC who underwent liver biopsy at the Zhenjiang Third Hospital, affiliated with Jiangsu University, and Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital, from January 2005 to September 2020, were selected.

Baseline hepatocyte ballooning is a risk factor for adverse events in patients with chronic hepatitis B complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Although many studies have investigated the impact of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on liver disease, few have investigated the relationship between nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) defined by liver pathology and the prognosis of chronic HBV infection. Most patients were followed up for a short time. This study aimed to further explore the impact of NAFLD and the pathological changes confirmed by liver pathology in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Early diagnostic value of liver stiffness measurement in hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome induced by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)-sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), also known as veno-occlusive disease, is a clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms, such as right upper quadrant pain, jaundice, fluid retention, and hepatomegaly, and is caused by pre-treatment-related hepatotoxicity during the early stages after HSCT. Clinical diagnosis of HSCT-SOS is based on the revised Seattle or Baltimore standards. The revised standard by the European Society for Bone Marrow Transplantation in 2016 has good practicability and can be used in combination with these two standards.

Risk stratification of primary liver cancer.

The risk stratification of primary liver cancer (PLC) discussed in a review of viral hepatitis and PLC could lead to misunderstandings by readers. For example, a single study or a small number of studies cannot comprehensively summarize the risk factors of PLC, is not included in the family history of liver cancer, and chronic hepatitis D is listed as a medium risk factor for the development of PLC. Currently, PLC prediction models with good clinical validation values have been applied clinically, such as the Toronto hepatocellular carcinoma risk index, REACH-B model, and PAGE-B model.

Establishment of a risk assessment score for deep vein thrombosis after artificial liver support system treatment.

Background: The artificial liver support system (ALSS) is an effective treatment method for liver failure, but it requires deep venous intubation and long-term indwelling catheterization. However, the coagulation mechanism disorder of basic liver failure diseases, and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) often occur.

Aim: To evaluate the risk factors for DVT following use of an ALSS and establish a risk assessment score.

Is simultaneous presence of IgG4-positive plasma cells and giant-cell hepatitis a coincidence in autoimmune hepatitis? A case report.

Background: The immune-mediated invasion of IgG4-positive plasma cells in the liver is found in some autoimmune hepatitis. Giant-cell hepatitis (GCH) is a very rare pathological feature in adults, and the clinical characteristics of the simultaneous appearance of the two pathological phenomena are not clear.

Case Summary: A 68-year-old woman was hospitalized with fatigue, poor appetite, and yellow urine for 20 d.

Efficacy of artificial liver support system in severe immune-associated hepatitis caused by camrelizumab: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can lead to immune-related hepatitis (IRH) and severe liver damage, which is life-threatening in the absence of specific treatment.

Case Summary: A 75-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of loss of appetite, yellow urine, and abnormal liver function for the past 2 wk. Three months prior to admission, he was treated with two rounds of capecitabine in combination with camrelizumab for lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer.

Argon-helium cryoablation for thoracic vertebrae with metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma-related hepatitis B: A case report.

Background: Spinal metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare, with an extremely poor prognosis and results in severe pain. Argon-helium cryotherapy is a local ablation method for HCC.

Case Summary: A 54-year-old man was diagnosed with HCC related to hepatitis B one year ago and underwent surgical tumor resection and tenofovir antiviral treatment.

Rare spontaneous intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in hepatitis B-induced cirrhosis: A case report.

Background: The portosystemic shunt is the pathway between the portal vein (PV) and systemic circulation. A spontaneous intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (SPISS) is a rare portosystemic shunt type. Here we report an extremely rare type of SPISS, a spontaneous intrahepatic PV-inferior vena cava shunt (SPIVCS).

Therapeutic plasma exchange and a double plasma molecular absorption system in the treatment of thyroid storm with severe liver injury: A case report.

Background: Thyroid storm is resistant to conventional treatments including antithyroid drugs and I therapeutic means. Plasma exchange (PE) and double plasma molecular absorption system (DPMAS) can be used as an effective treatment for thyroid storm with severe liver injury.

Case Summary: A 52-year-old woman presented with a 10-day history of nausea and vomiting accompanied by yellowing of the skin and mucosa.

Ductopenia and cirrhosis in a 32-year-old woman with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3: A case report and review of the literature.

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 is caused by a mutation in the ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B, member 4 () gene encoding multidrug resistance protein 3. A 32-year-old woman with a history of acute hepatitis at age 9 years was found to have jaundice during pregnancy in 2008, and was diagnosed as having intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. In 2009, she underwent cholecystectomy for gallstones and chronic cholecystitis.

Epidemiological features of chronic hepatitis C infection caused by remunerated blood donors: A nearly 27-year period survey.

Aim: To understand the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in blood donors over a nearly 27-year interval and to explore the factors that affect the outcome of HCV infection.

Methods: A retrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted. The participants, mostly plasma donors, were selected from three administrative villages in the Jiangsu province in Eastern China.

Diagnostic value of FIB-4, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index and liver stiffness measurement in hepatitis B virus-infected patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase.

Aim: To assess the diagnostic value of FIB-4, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in patients with hepatitis B virus infection who have persistently normal alanine transaminase (PNALT).

Methods: We enrolled 245 patients with chronic hepatitis B: 95 in PNALT group, 86 in intermittently elevated alanine transaminase (PIALT1) group [alanine transaminase (ALT) within 1-2 × upper limit of normal value (ULN)], and 64 in PIALT2 group (ALT > 2 × ULN). All the patients received a percutaneous liver biopsy guided by ultrasonography.

Hepatitis B surface antigen levels of cessation of nucleos(t)ide analogs associated with virological relapse in hepatitis B surface antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients.

Aim: To investigate the virological relapse rate in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative patients after antiviral therapy discontinuation and analyze the factors associated with virological relapse.

Methods: Among patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B infection between May 2005 and July 2010, 204 were eligible for analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to calculate the cumulative rate of relapse and compare cumulative relapse rates between groups.

Natural YMDD-motif mutants affect clinical course of lamivudine in chronic hepatitis B.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of nature tyrosine-methionine-aspartic acid-aspartic acid motif mutations in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and to evaluate the efficacy of lamivudine.

Methods: A total of 1268 CHB patients were recruited from the outpatient and inpatient departments of six centers. Tyrosine-methionine-aspartic acid-aspartic acid (YMDD) mutations were analyzed using the hepatitis B virus (HBV) drug resistance line probe assay.

[Relationship between metastasis or recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus DNA or double mutation at 1762/1764 in the basic core promoter].

Objective: To study the relationship between metastasis or recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA load or the presence of double mutation at 1762/1764 in the basic core promoter (BCP).

Methods: One-hundred-and-fifty-seven patients with HCC were included in the study. Events of tumor metastasis or recurrence were recorded during 120 weeks of clinical follow-up after treatment by surgery or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

YMDD motif mutations in chronic hepatitis B antiviral treatment naïve patients: a multi-center study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the natural prevalence of variants of tyrosine-methionine-aspartic acid-aspartic acid (YMDD) motif in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and to explore its relation with demographic and clinical features, hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes, and HBV DNA levels.

Methods: A total of 1,042 antiviral treatment naïve CHB patients (including with lamivudine [LAM]) in the past year were recruited from outpatient and inpatient departments of six centers from December 2008 to June 2010. YMDD variants were analyzed using the HBV drug resistance line probe assay (Inno-Lipa HBV-DR).