Aflatoxin B1 affects porcine alveolar macrophage growth through the calcium signaling pathway mediated by the ceRNA regulatory network.

Background: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), one of the most prevalent contaminants in human and animal food, impairs the immune system, but information on the mechanisms of AFB1-mediated macrophage toxicity is still lacking.

Methods And Results: In this study, for the first time, we employed whole transcriptome sequencing technology to explore the molecular mechanism by which AFB1 affects the growth of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM). We found that AFB1 exposure reduced the proliferative capacity of PAM and prevented cell cycle progression.

Gut microbiota of skywalker hoolock gibbons (Hoolock tianxing) from different habitats and in captivity: Implications for gibbon health.

The gut microbiota plays an integral role in the metabolism and immunity of animal hosts, and provides insights into the health and habitat assessment of threatened animals. The skywalker hoolock gibbon (Hoolock tianxing) is a newly described gibbon species, and is considered an endangered species. Here, we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to describe the fecal bacterial community of skywalker hoolock gibbons from different habitats and in captivity.

The gut microbiota of gibbons across host genus and captive site in China.

Gut microbiota influences nutrient metabolism and immunity of animal hosts. Better understanding of the composition and diversity of gut microbiota contributes to conservation and management of threatened animals both in situ and ex situ. In this study, we applied 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to evaluate the composition and diversity of the fecal bacterial community of four gibbon genera (Family Hylobatidae) at four Chinese zoos.

Structural modification and biological activities of carboxymethyl .

Polysaccharides are good chelating agents for metal ions, which are often used to synthesize polysaccharide metal ion complexes. With carboxymethyl (CMP) as the substrate, carboxymethyl iron (CMPF), carboxymethyl selenium (CMPS), and carboxymethyl zinc (CMPZ) were synthesized by response surface methodology, and their biological characteristics were studied. The results showed that the CMP was a β-polysaccharide, and the degree of carboxymethylation was 0.

Extraction of polysaccharides from by fermentation with response surface methodology.

is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine used to treat weak spleens, stomach problems, anemia, and fatigue. Polysaccharide is one of main components of . In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction parameters of polysaccharides (CPP) by fermentation.

Polysaccharides from Pyracantha fortuneana and its biological activity.

This study used response surface methodology to determine the optimal conditions for extraction of polysaccharides from Pyracantha. fortuneana (PSPF), and studied the mechanism of PSPF-inducing apoptosis in human ovarian carcinoma Skov3 cells. Response surface methodology (RSM) were adopted to extract PSPF.

[A long distance colonization event of Chinese endemic bat Myotis davidii].

In order to reveal the population phylogenetic relationships and colonization history of Chinese endemic bat species Myotis davidii, a total of 126 samples from 14 populations in nationwide were collected in 2001-2009, taking the mitochondrial control region as the molecular marker. Based on the TCS network diagram of the mitochondrial DNA control region sequences, the 14 geographical populations were divided into three geographical regions, i.e.