Identification of cytochrome P450 gene family and functional analysis of from .

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes of nematode play a crucial role in the metabolic detoxification of xenobiotics including pesticides. , also known as the soybean cyst nematode, is a sedentary endoparasite that infests plant roots, causing high annual economic losses in soybean production regions globally. In this study, we identified 36 CYP genes at a genome-wide level of the isolate TN10 using all CYPs from as queries.

Riemerella anatipestifer GldG is necessary for secretion of effectors by type IX secretion system.

Riemerella anatipestifer secretes proteins through the type IX secretion system (T9SS). Recent studies have shown that the R. anatipestifer T9SS component proteins GldM and GldK also act as crucial virulence factors.

Early-life vitamin B12 orchestrates lipid peroxidation to ensure reproductive success via SBP-1/SREBP1 in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency is a critical problem worldwide. Such deficiency in infants has long been known to increase the propensity to develop obesity and diabetes later in life through unclear mechanisms. Here, we establish a Caenorhabditis elegans model to study how early-life B12 impacts adult health.

Riemerella anatipestifer AS87_RS02955 Acts as a Virulence Factor and Displays Endonuclease Activity.

Riemerella anatipestifer is an important bacterial pathogen in the global duck industry and causes heavy economic losses. In our previous study, we demonstrated that R. anatipestifer type IX secretion system components GldK and GldM, and the secretion protein metallophosphoesterase, acted as virulence factors.

Glutamine synthetase licenses APC/C-mediated mitotic progression to drive cell growth.

Tumors can reprogram the functions of metabolic enzymes to fuel malignant growth; however, beyond their conventional functions, key metabolic enzymes have not been found to directly govern cell mitosis. Here, we report that glutamine synthetase (GS) promotes cell proliferation by licensing mitotic progression independently of its metabolic function. GS depletion, but not impairment of its enzymatic activity, results in mitotic arrest and multinucleation across multiple lung and liver cancer cell lines, patient-derived organoids and xenografted tumors.

Gold nanoclusters-poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) dots@zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanohybrid based probe for ratiometric analysis of dopamine.

Ratiometric analysis of dopamine (DA) in complex biological system is urgently desired. In this work, a novel dual-emission fluorescence probe was fabricated by embedding both gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO) dots into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) (abbreviated as ZIF-8@AuNCs-PFO) and applied to ratiometric analysis of DA. Remarkably, encapsulating AuNCs and PFO dots into ZIF-8 not only achieved an excellent aggregation induced emission (AIE) enhancement effect on AuNCs (5 times increase), but also brought about an unique DA-triggered asynchronous fluorescence changes of AuNCs and PFO dots.

Revealing a retinal facilitatory effect with the multifocal ERG.

Purpose: We have previously shown that the amplitude of the mfERG response obtained to a single (large) hexagon is significantly smaller than that obtained when summating all the mfERG responses evoked to an array of 7-61 hexagons covering the same retinal area. The purpose of this study was to confirm our initial findings in normal subjects of different ages and in selected patients.

Methods: Binocular mfERGs (1, 7, 19, 37 and 61 hexagon arrays; Espion V6.

Macranthoidin B Modulates Key Metabolic Pathways to Enhance ROS Generation and Induce Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aims: Induction of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated-apoptosis have been utilized as effective strategies in anticancer therapy. Macranthoidin B (MB) is a potent inducer of ROS-mediated apoptosis in cancer, but its mechanism of action is poorly understood.

Method: Superoxide production with MB exposure in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells was measured using lucigenin chemiluminescence and real-time PCR.

Nanocrystals of a new camptothecin derivative WCN-21 enhance its solubility and efficacy.

WCN-21 is a new camptothecin derivative we synthesized and has desirable anti-tumor efficacy, but its aqueous solubility is very low and hurdles the further evaluation and development. In this study, we prepared nanocrystals of WCN-21 through a bottom-up approach to enhance its solubility and obtained WCN-21 nanorods (WND) and nanospheres (WNP). We investigated the crystallization of WND and WNP in different temperature and solvents and found that both temperature and solvents affect the crystal shapes and sizes.

Aptamer-Directed Specific Drug Delivery and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Renal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high spatial resolution has been widely used in clinics as a noninvasive diagnostic technology, and MRI diagnosis-based theranostic nanomaterials have attracted increasing attention. Herein, we report on the fabrication of a GO/BSA-Gd2O3/AS1411-DOX theranostic nanocomplex with BSA-Gd2O3 nanoparticles for use as an MRI contrast agent (CA), with graphene oxide (GO) nanoplates as the CA and drug nanocarrier, as well as an aptamer, AS1411, as the targeting molecule. The proposed theranostic nanocomplex not only provided stronger MR contrast enhancement but also inhibited the growth of 786-0 human renal carcinoma cells with the help of the AS1411 aptamer, while sparing the normal cells from harm, thus demonstrating their specific drug delivery capability.

STAT3 Suppression Is Involved in the Protective Effect of SIRT6 Against Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy.

The activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is critical for the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) protects cardiomyocytes from hypertrophy. This study focused on the association between SIRT6 and STAT3 in the regulation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

PKCζ interacts with STAT3 and promotes its activation in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

This study was aimed to investigate the crosstalk between protein kinase C ζ (PKCζ) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In neonatal rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophic model induced by phenylephrine (PE), the levels of phosphorylated PKCζ and phosphorylated STAT3 were significantly increased, suggesting the activation of both PKCζ and STAT3 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Overexpression of PKCζ by adenovirus infection elevated the expressions of hypertrophic markers atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and brains natriuretic polypeptide (BNP), as well as the cell surface area; while genetic silencing of PKCζ inhibited PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

SIRT6 suppresses phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy though inhibiting p300.

SIRT6 is a member of the sirtuin family of class III histone deacetylases. It plays important roles in regulating genomic stability, metabolism, stress response and aging. Our previous study has revealed that SIRT6 attenuates myocardial hypertrophy by inhibiting NF-κB activation, but the related molecular mechanisms remain to be clarified.