Increased TET1 Expression in Inflammatory Microenvironment of Hyperinsulinemia Enhances the Response of Endometrial Cancer to Estrogen by Epigenetic Modulation of GPER.

Insulin resistance (IR) has been well studied in the initiation and development of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC). As yet, it has been largely neglected for estrogen sensitivity in local endometrium in hyperinsulinemia-induced systemic microenvironment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of insulin in regulating estrogen sensitivity and explore the potential mechanisms in insulin-driven inflammatory microenvironment.

TET1-GPER-PI3K/AKT pathway is involved in insulin-driven endometrial cancer cell proliferation.

Large amount of clinical evidence has demonstrated that insulin resistance is closely related to oncogenesis of endometrial cancer (EC). Despite recent studies showed the up-regulatory role of insulin in G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) expression, GPER expression was not decreased compared to control when insulin receptor was blocked even in insulin treatment. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible mechanism by which insulin up-regulates GPER that drives EC cell proliferation.

Management of type II unruptured cesarean scar pregnancy: Comparison of gestational mass excision and uterine artery embolization combined with methotrexate.

Objective: This research was carried out to investigate the effectiveness, rationality, and safety of laparotomy management compared with uterine artery embolization (UAE) combined with methotrexate (MTX) for the treatment of deep implantation cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP II).

Materials And Methods: Data from 29 patients seen between June 2008 and February 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the surgery group and the UAE combined with MTX group according to the treatment they received.

Network motifs in the transcriptional regulation network of cervical carcinoma cells respond to EGF.

Purpose: Cervical carcinoma is the second most prevalent and the fifth most deadly malignancy seen in women worldwide. Dysregulated activation of EGF ErbB system has been implicated in diverse types of human cancer; however, it is elusive how it is regulated in human cervical cancer cells. We herein aimed to explore the mechanisms of cervical carcinoma response to epidermal growth factor (EGF), with a view of the pathways activated by EGF.

Oestrogen receptor α mediates 17β-estradiol enhancement of ovarian cancer cell motility through up-regulation of survivin expression.

Objective: To determine the role of oestrogen receptor α (ERα) in the regulation of survivin expression by 17β-estradiol (E(2)) in ovarian cancer cells and to evaluate the mechanism of E(2) action on ovarian cancer cell migration.

Methods: We performed RT-PCR and Western blot analysis to assess the expression of ERα in the ovarian cancer cell lines NIH:OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3. Full-length ERα cDNA was reintroduced into SKOV-3 cells through stable transfection.

Regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by homeobox gene DLX4 in JEG-3 trophoblast cells: a role in preeclampsia.

The pathogenesis of preeclampsia is unclear but is thought to be related to shallow trophoblast invasion. An invasive phenotype is acquired by trophoblasts through the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We proposed that EMT in trophoblasts is deregulated in preeclampsia.

[Expression of glyoxalase I and its effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis in endometrial carcinoma].

Objective: To examine the expressions of glyoxalase I (GLO-I) in endometrial cancer tissues and cell lines and to investigate the roles of GLO-I on proliferation and apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry, western blot and RT-PCR were used to investigate the expressions of GLO-I protein and mRNA in endometrial cancer tissues and Ishikawa cell lines;enzyme activity of GLO-I in normal endometrium, endometrial cancer and paraneoplastic tissue samples was detected with spectrophotometer;proliferation and apoptosis of Ishikawa cell before and after RNA interference (RNAi) procedure were detected by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and flow cytometry, respectively.

Results: (1) There were significant differences of GLO-I expression between normal endometrium (0/19) and endometrial cancer tissues (76%, 22/29); these were also significant differences of enzyme activity of GLO-I among normal endometrium, paraneoplastic and endometrial cancer tissues (1.

[Survey on menopausal age and menstruation span in women in Pudong district of Shanghai].

Objective: To investigate natural spontaneous menopausal age, menstruation span and their relationship with menarche age and parity in Pudong district of Shanghai.

Methods: From Jan 2007 to Jul 2008, 15 083 spontaneous menopause women undergoing cervical cancer screening were enrolled in this study. The questionnaire included menarche age, parity, spontaneous menopausal age and menstruation span.

Detection of TERC amplification in cervical epithelial cells for the diagnosis of high-grade cervical lesions and invasive cancer: a multicenter study in China.

Because the activation of telomerase is a relatively early event in the progression of cervical carcinogenesis, the expression of the human telomerase RNA gene, TERC, has the potential to serve as a biomarker for both the diagnosis and prognosis of cervical neoplasias. In total, 83 research centers participated in the study, and 7786 patients were enrolled. TERC amplification was detected using a dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probe set, and these results were compared with cytological and histological results, testing for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA (n = 2316 for the HPV DNA test), as well as patient age.

Angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and vasculogenic mimicry in ovarian cancer.

Neovascularization is essential for tumor growth and metastasis. An adequate vasculature feeds tumor growth and enhances the potential of metastasis. For many years, tumor vessels were thought to be lined exclusively by endothelial cells (ECs).

[Establishment of sprouting embryoid body model mimicking early embryonic vasculogenesis in human embryo].

Objective: To establish a sprouting embryoid body model mimicking early embryonic vasculogenesis in human embryo.

Methods: Human embryonic stem were (hESCs) were cultured on the mouse embryo fibroblasts and then were induced to differentiate to form three-dimensional EB. The hEBs were cultured in media containing various angiogenesis-related factors: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), endostatin, angiostatin, and platelet factor (PF)-4 of different concentrations for 3 days to observe the sprouting of the hEBs.

Silencing of IQGAP1 by shRNA inhibits the invasion of ovarian carcinoma HO-8910PM cells in vitro.

Background: IQGAP1 is a scaffolding protein and overexpressed in many human tumors, including ovarian cancer. However, the contribution of IQGAP1 to invasive properties of ovarian cancer cells remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of IQGAP1-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expressing plasmids on metastatic potential of ovarian cancer HO-8910PM cells.

[Effects of follicle stimulating hormone on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of ovarian carcinoma cells: an in vitro experiment].

Objective: To investigate the effects of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells.

Methods: Ovarian cancer cells of the lines SKOV-3 and ES-2 were cultured, and treated by FSH of the concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 mU/ml for 48 h or 24 h respectively. The cells without FSH treatment were used as control cells.

[Influence of long-term treatment with MPA on the biological character of endometrial carcinoma Ishikawa cell].

The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of long-term treatment with MPA on the growth and invasiveness of endometrial carcinoma Ishikawa cells and the expression of the subtype of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor. The human endometrial carcinoma Ishikawa cells were continually exposed to 2.5 micromol/L step-wise increase of MPA.

[Intermediate-conductance-Ca2+-activated K+ channels are overexpressed in endometrial cancer and involved in regulating proliferation of endometrial cancer cells].

Objective: To study the expression of intermediate-conductance-Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (IKCa1) channels in endometrial cancer and its role in regulating proliferation of endometrial cancer cells.

Methods: Western blot and RT-PCR were used to examine the expression of IKCa1 channels in 13 normal endometrial specimens and 25 endometrial cancer specimens; and RNA interference (RNAi), [(3)H] thymidine incorporation, and inhibitor of IKCa1 channel were used to explore the role of IKCa1 channels in regulation of proliferation of endometrial cancer cells HEC-1A.

Results: The expression rate and level of IKCa1 mRNA in endometrial carcinoma (84%, 0.

[Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) promotes proliferation of ovarian cancer cells in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the effect of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) on the proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells.

Methods: Two human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and ES-2 were analysed for the expression of GSK-3beta and phosphorylated GSK-3beta (pGSK-3beta) by Western blot analysis. Cell growth curve analysis done by cell count was used to investigate the effect of GSK-3beta inhibitors on the growth of SKOV3 and ES-2 cells.

Characteristics and differentiated mechanism of vascular endothelial cells-like derived from epithelial ovarian cancer cells induced by hypoxia.

A few highly aggressive and malignant tumor cells could acquire identities by turning on genes expressed by endothelial cells and recruit blood vessels to sustain tumor growth. Hypoxia was reported recently to play an essential role in these events. These 'plastic' tumor-cell phenotypes and the exact mechanism driving transendothelial differentiation by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha is unclear.

[Influence of estrogen and progestin on nm23-H1 expression in epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines via activation of phosphorylation signaling].

Objective: To assess the estrogen and progestin's effect on protein expression of metastasis repression gene nm23-H1 via regulation of phosphorylation signaling in epithelial ovarian cancer cell line ES-2.

Methods: Ovarian clear cell adenocarcinom cell line ES-2 was treated by different doses of 17beta-estradiol (estrogen), medroxyprogestogen (progestin) and dimethyl sulfoxide (control group), and then the following experiments were conducted. (1) Change of the cell migration capacity after treatment with estrogen and progestin for 24 and 48 hours was measured by in vitro wound healing assay.

[Effects of estrogen receptor beta on proliferation of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma ES-2 in vitro and in vivo].

Objective: To investigate the involvement of estrogen receptor (ER) beta in the proliferation of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma by restoring ERbeta expression in a cell line ES-2.

Methods: A plasmid with full length ERbeta cDNA, pRSV-ERbeta and its negative vector control pRSV were introduced into ES-2. The cells transfected were named according to the plasmids: ES-pRSV, ES-pRSV-ERbeta.

The reinforcement of invasion in epithelial ovarian cancer cells by 17 beta-Estradiol is associated with up-regulation of Snail.

Objective: The transcription factor Snail, which is implicated in the triggering of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMT), plays an important role in adhesion, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. In the present study, we assessed 17beta-Estradiol (E2)'s effect on Snail, E-cadherin and MMP-2 expression of epithelial ovarian cancer cell line ES-2 and SKOV3. Then we induced Snail gene silencing by RNA interference to explore the effect of E2 on E-cadherin and MMP-2 expression when Snail gene expression was blocked.

Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta positively regulates the proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells.

Although glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) might act as a tumor suppressor since its inhibition is expected to mimic the activation of Wnt-signaling pathway, GSK-3beta may contribute to NF-kappaB activation in cancer cells leading to increased cancer cell proliferation and survival. Here we report that GSK-3beta activity was involved in the proliferation of human ovarian cancer cell both in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of GSK-3 activity by pharmacological inhibitors suppressed proliferation of the ovarian cancer cells.

[Analysis of 16 patients with early cervical cancer treated by laparoscopic vaginal radical trachelectomy].

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacies of preserving fertility treatment in patients with early cervical cancer.

Methods: Sixteen patients with early cervical cancer treated by laparoscopic vaginal radical trachelectomy and pre- or postoperative chemotherapy were analyzed retrospectively, focusing on the treatment indication and management of high risk patients.

Results: The median age was 29 years (range 26 to 34 years).

[Study on mRNA expression of the human novel gene NM23-H1B in ovarian tumor].

Objective: To study the expression of the human novel gene NM23-H1B in ovarian cancer.

Methods: Forty-eight samples from patients with ovarian tumor at different clinical stages and 8 from normal ovaries were examined for NM23-H1B mRNA expression by using RT-PCR, northern blot and in situ hybridization.

Results: All samples expressed NM23-H1B mRNA through RT-PCR, while the level of expression in ovarian tumor was higher than that of normal ovary.

[Antitumor effect of endothelial progenitor cells with TRAIL gene transfection on ovarian carcinoma xenografts in nude mice].

Background & Objective: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) can induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines with little toxicity toward normal cells. It offers a promising therapeutic method against ovarian cancer. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) could home to tumor lesion, and take part in angiogenesis.