[Research progress on the mechanisms of Tau phosphorylation and its kinases in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage].

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is one of the main causes of disability in middle-aged and elderly people, as well as high mortality rates and long-term physical impairments in newborns. The pathological manifestations of HIBD include neuronal damage and loss of myelin sheaths. Tau protein is an important microtubule-associated protein in brain, exists in neurons and oligodendrocytes, and regulates various cellular activities such as cell differentiation and maturation, axonal transport, and maintenance of cellular cytoskeleton structure.

Machine learning analysis identified NNMT as a potential therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma based on PCD-related genes.

Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a critical role in cancer biology, influencing tumor progression and treatment response. This study aims to investigate the role of PCD-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), identifying potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets to enhance patient outcomes. Data from the GEO, TCGA, and ICGC databases were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes associated with PCD in HCC.

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for oxcarbazepine active metabolite to predict pharmacokinetics in paediatric patients with renal impairment and adjust dosages.

Aims: Oxcarbazepine (OXC) has been approved as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy for paediatric partial seizures. There are few reports on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of OXC in paediatric patients with renal impairment (RI), especially dosage studies of RI, which are rarely conducted on paediatric patients. This study aimed to predict the PK of OXC in children with RI and to provide recommendations for dose adjustment in this population.

Epidemiological investigation of sex hormones and their metabolism-related gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia complicated with late-onset hypogonadism: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly men, and its etiology is not completely clear. Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is a relatively common disease in the aging process of men. BPH is often accompanied by varying degrees of LOH, and the pathogenesis and progression of the two diseases are related.

Multi-miRNAs-Mediated Hepatic Lepr Axis Suppression: A Pparg-Dicer1 Pathway-Driven Mechanism in Spermatogenesis for the Intergenerational Transmission of Paternal Metabolic Syndrome.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an "environmental obesogen" and this study aims to investigate the intergenerational impacts of BPA-induced metabolic syndrome (MetS), specifically focusing on unraveling mechanisms. Exposure to BPA induces metabolic disorders in the paternal mice, which are then transmitted to offspring, leading to late-onset MetS. Mechanistically, BPA upregulates Srebf1, which in turn promotes the Pparg-dependent transcription of Dicer1 in spermatocytes, increasing the levels of multiple sperm microRNAs (miRNAs).

Stochastic resonance noise modified decision solution for binary hypothesis-testing under minimax criterion.

In this paper, on the premise that the prior probability is unknown, a noise enhanced binary hypothesis-testing is investigated under the Minimax criterion for a general nonlinear system. Firstly, for lowering the decision risk, an additive noise is intentionally injected to the input and a decision is made under Minimax criterion based on the noise modified output. Then an optimization problem for minimizing the maximum of Bayesian conditional risk under an equality constraint is formulated via analyzing the relationship between the additive noise and the optimal noise modified Minimax decision rule.

How online healthcare team evolve into organization: A social network analysis.

Objective: The rapid development of online healthcare has greatly promoted the transformation of healthcare service. The effectiveness of online healthcare is enhanced by the team that supports the doctor-patient connection. However, extant researches lack the comprehensive analysis of social networks within online healthcare team.

Single-Photon Interference over 8.4 km Urban Atmosphere: Toward Testing Quantum Effects in Curved Spacetime with Photons.

The emergence of quantum mechanics and general relativity has transformed our understanding of the natural world significantly. However, integrating these two theories presents immense challenges, and their interplay remains untested. Recent theoretical studies suggest that the single-photon interference covering huge space can effectively probe the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity.

The GG genotype of rs743572 in CYP17A1 gene regulating the decrease of T/E ratio can be an independent risk factor for MetS-BPH: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To confirm if the CYP17A1 gene regulates the ratio of T/E leading to MetS-BPH.

Methods: 824 men, aged 47-88 years, were recruited into this study through consecutive routine physical examination programs and long-term outpatient screening. Several parameters, including SNPs of CYP17A1 gene, total testosterone, estradiol, and the ratio of total testosterone to estradiol (T/E) were obtained for each participant.

Dual-Component Interlayer Enables Uniform Lithium Deposition and Dendrite Suppression for Solid-State Batteries.

β-Lithium thiophosphate (LPS) exhibits high Li conductivity and has been identified as a promising ceramic electrolyte for safe and high-energy-density all-solid-state batteries. Integrating LPS into solid-state lithium (Li) batteries would enable the use of a Li electrode with the highest deliverable capacity. However, LPS-based batteries operate at a limited current density before short-circuiting, posing a major challenge for the development of application-relevant batteries.

Probucol mitigates high-fat diet-induced cognitive and social impairments by regulating brain redox and insulin resistance.

Probucol has been utilized as a cholesterol-lowering drug with antioxidative properties. However, the impact and fundamental mechanisms of probucol in obesity-related cognitive decline are unclear. In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were allocated to a normal chow diet (NCD) group or a high-fat diet (HFD) group, followed by administration of probucol to half of the mice on the HFD regimen.

Comparison of the specific energies of sinusoidal VCS cutter rings and CCS cutter rings in breaking rock-like materials based on the FEM.

Disc cutters are essential for full-section hard-rock tunnel boring machines. The performance of these devices directly affects tunnel engineering costs and duration. This paper proposes a sinusoidal variable cross-section (VCS) cutter ring and design method and establishes a digital model.

Nanoplastic propels diet-induced NAFL to NASH via ER-mitochondrial tether-controlled redox switch.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is multifactorial that lifestyle, genetic, and environmental factors contribute to its onset and progression, thereby posing a challenge for therapeutic intervention. Nanoplastic (NP) is emerged as a novel environmental metabolism disruptor but the etiopathogenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, C57BL/6 J mice were fed with normal chow diet (NCD) and high-fat diet (HFD) containing 70 nm polystyrene microspheres (NP).

Application of respiratory sensing technique in CT-guided radiofrequency ablation of liver malignancies.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness and safety of respiratory sensing methods in nonvascular interventional therapy of liver tumors.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 64 patients with primary liver cancer or liver metastasis were retrospectively analyzed. According to two widely used clinical techniques to limit respiratory movement-breath holding and respiratory sensing technology-they were randomly allocated into two groups: respiratory gated and respiratory training.

Mechanochemistry in Sodium Thioantimonate Solid Electrolytes: Effects on Structure, Morphology, and Electrochemical Performance.

Sodium thioantimonate (NaSbS) and its W-substituted analogue NaSbWS have been identified as potential electrolyte materials for all-solid-state sodium batteries due to their high Na conductivity. Ball milling mechanochemistry is a frequently employed synthetic approach to produce such Na-conductive solid solutions; however, changes in the structure and morphology introduced in these systems via the mechanochemistry process are poorly understood. Herein, we combined X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy characterization techniques to provide an in-depth analysis of these solid electrolytes.

Investigation on Flexural Fracture Behaviour of Bolted Spherical Joints with Crack Propagation in Screw Threads.

Bolted spherical joints, due to their prominent merits in installation, have been widely used in modern spatial structures. Despite significant research, there is a lack of understanding of their flexural fracture behaviour, which is important for the catastrophe prevention of the whole structure. Given the recent development to fill this knowledge gap, it is the objective of this paper to experimentally investigate the flexural bending capacity of the overall fracture section featured by a heightened neutral axis and fracture behaviour related to variable crack depth in screw threads.

Generation of Herbicide-Resistant Soybean by Base Editing.

Weeds cause the largest yield loss in soybean production. The development of herbicide-resistant soybean germplasm is of great significance for weed control and yield improvement. In this study, we used the cytosine base editor (BE3) to develop novel herbicide-resistant soybean.

Nomogram model for the risk of insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents based on anthropomorphology and lipid derived indicators.

Objective: This study aims to screen for measures and lipid-derived indicators associated with insulin resistance (IR) in obese children and adolescents and develop a nomogram model for predicting the risk of insulin resistance.

Methods: A total of 404 eligible obese children and adolescents aged 10-17 years were recruited for this study from a summer camp between 2019 and 2021. The risk factors were screened using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-logistic regression model, and a nomogram model was developed.

Application of PBPK modeling in predicting maternal and fetal pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam during pregnancy.

Levetiracetam is currently being used to treat epilepsy in pregnant women. The plasma concentration of levetiracetam drops sharply during pregnancy, and the inability of pregnant women to maintain therapeutic concentrations can lead to seizures. This study aimed to predict the changes in fetal and maternal plasma exposure to levetiracetam during pregnancy and provide advice on dose adjustment.

Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Omalizumab to Predict the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Pediatric Patients.

Omalizumab is widely used in clinical practice; however, knowledge gaps in the dosage of omalizumab for children aged 2-6 years with moderate-to-severe persistent allergic asthma have been identified. The aim of this study was to explore dosing regimens for moderately-to-severely allergic pediatric patients aged 2-6 years. The physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of omalizumab was developed and verified in adult patients, extrapolated to pediatric patients, and simulated for omalizumab by adding two observation chambers (free IgE and total IgE).

Can Patients Co-Create Value in an Online Healthcare Platform? An Examination of Value Co-Creation.

With the development of online healthcare services, patients could receive support and create value with other users on online healthcare platforms. However, little research has been conducted on the internal mechanisms of patient value co-creation from the perspective of online healthcare platforms. To analyze patient value co-creation in online healthcare platforms, this study explores the underlying mechanisms of patient value co-creation among patients.

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of daptomycin dose optimization in pediatric patients with renal impairment.

Daptomycin is used to treat Gram-positive infections in adults and children and its dosing varies among different age groups. We focused on the pharmacokinetics of daptomycin in children with renal impairment, which has not been evaluated. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of daptomycin was established and validated to simulate its disposition in healthy populations and adults with renal impairment, along with a daptomycin exposure simulated in pediatric patients with renal impairment.

N -SSPP fusion gene improves salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean through ROS scavenging.

Considerable signal crosstalk exists in the regulatory network of senescence and stress response. Numerous senescence-associated genes are also involved in plant stress tolerance. However, the underlying mechanisms and application potential of these genes in stress-tolerant crop breeding remain poorly explored.

NMR spectroscopy of wastewater: A review, case study, and future potential.

NMR spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful tool for the study of molecular structures and interactions, and is increasingly being applied to environmental research, such as the study of wastewater. With over 97% of the planet's water being saltwater, and two thirds of freshwater being frozen in the ice caps and glaciers, there is a significant need to maintain and reuse the remaining 1%, which is a precious resource, critical to the sustainability of most life on Earth. Sanitation and reutilization of wastewater is an important method of water conservation, especially in arid regions, making the understanding of wastewater itself, and of its treatment processes, a highly relevant area of environmental research.

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Dose Adjustment of Teicoplanin in Pediatric Patients With Renal Impairment.

The pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin differs in children as compared with adults, and especially in renally impaired pediatric patients. Inappropriate empirical antibacterial therapy may lead to treatment-related antibacterial resistance and increased toxicity, making adjustment of the dosage regimen essential. In the present study, physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models were developed to define the appropriate dosage regimen for pediatric patients with differing renal function.