Response to EGFR/NTRK/MET Co-Inhibition Guided by Paired NGS in Advanced NSCLC With Acquired EGFR L858R/T790M/C797S Mutations.

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have significantly improved clinical outcomes for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring EGFR-activating mutations. However, resistance to TKI therapy often develops due to secondary EGFR mutations or the activation of bypass signalling pathways. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can efficiently identify actionable genetic alterations throughout treatment.

Nervous system contributions to small cell lung cancer: Lessons from diverse oncological studies.

The nervous system plays a vital role throughout the entire lifecycle and it may regulate the formation, development and metastasis of tumors. Small cell lung cancer is a typical neuroendocrine tumor, and it is naturally equipped with neurotropism. In this review, we firstly summarize current preclinical and clinical evidence to demonstrate the reciprocal crosstalk among the nervous system, tumor, and tumor microenvironment in various ways, including neurotransmitter-receptor pathways, innervations of nerve fibers, different types of synapse formation by neurons, astrocytes, and cancer cells, neoneurogenesis.

Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy Scenes.

LiDAR and cameras, often regarded as the "eyes" of intelligent driving vehicles, are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions like haze, rain, and snow, compromising driving safety. In order to solve this problem and enhance the environmental sensing capability under severe weather conditions, this paper proposes a multimodal back-end fusion object detection method, Sec-CLOCs, which is specifically optimized for vehicle detection under heavy snow. This method achieves object detection by integrating an improved YOLOv8s 2D detector with a SECOND 3D detector.

Weakly supervised label learning flows.

Supervised learning usually requires a large amount of labeled data. However, attaining ground-truth labels is costly for many tasks. Alternatively, weakly supervised methods learn with cheap weak signals that only approximately label some data.

The relationship between small for gestational age infants and maternal health: a meta-analysis.

Background: Fetal growth restriction, commonly referred to as small for gestational age (SGA) in academic contexts, is associated with increased mortality rates and significant health risks. Fetal development is influenced by a complex interplay of maternal factors, fetal characteristics, and placenta fiction. This meta-analysis explored the relationship between the prevalence of SGA infants and various maternal conditions, such as overall health, lifestyle choices, and underlying medical conditions.

Leveraging deep single-soma RNA sequencing to explore the neural basis of human somatosensation.

The versatility of somatosensation arises from heterogeneous dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. However, soma transcriptomes of individual human (h)DRG neurons-critical information to decipher their functions-are lacking due to technical difficulties. In this study, we isolated somata from individual hDRG neurons and conducted deep RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to detect, on average, over 9,000 unique genes per neuron, and we identified 16 neuronal types.

Longitudinal Piezoelectricity and Polarization-Insensitive Oxidation in Janus vdWs NbSeI.

As a newly discovered Janus van der Waals (vdW) material, semiconducting NbSeI offers several notable advantages, including spontaneous out-of-plane polarization, facile exfoliation to the monolayer limit, and significant out-of-plane emission dipole in second harmonic generation. These properties make it a promising candidate for piezoelectric and piezophototronic applications in highly efficient energy conversion. However, NbSeI is prone to oxidation when exposed to oxygen, which can severely limit the exploration and utilization of these intriguing physical properties.

Unveiling the Power of Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion: A Five-Gene Signature for Personalized Prognosis in Gastric Cancer.

Background: Mitochondrial fission and fusion play important roles in tumorigenesis, progression and therapy. Dysregulation of these processes may lead to tumor progression, and regulation of these processes may provide novel strategies for cancer therapy. The involvement of genes related to mitochondrial fission and fusion (MD) in gastric cancer (GC) remains poorly understood.

Enhanced interaction between genome-edited mesenchymal stem cells and platelets improves wound healing in mice.

Impaired wound healing poses a significant burden on the healthcare system and patients. Stem cell therapy has demonstrated promising potential in the treatment of wounds. However, its clinical application is hindered by the low efficiency of cell homing.

Reinforced Metapath Optimization in Heterogeneous Information Networks for Drug-Target Interaction Prediction.

Graph neural networks offer an effective avenue for predicting drug-target interactions. In this domain, researchers have found that constructing heterogeneous information networks based on metapaths using diverse biological datasets enhances prediction performance. However, the performance of such methods is closely tied to the selection of metapaths and the compatibility between metapath subgraphs and graph neural networks.

Alectinib Versus Crizotinib in Asian Patients With Treatment-Naïve Advanced -Positive NSCLC: Five-Year Update From the Phase 3 ALESIA Study.

Introduction: Previous results from the phase 3 ALESIA study (NCT02838420) revealed that alectinib (a central nervous system [CNS]-active, ALK inhibitor) had clinical benefits in treatment-naïve Asian patients with advanced -positive NSCLC, consistent with the global ALEX study. We present updated data after more than or equal to 5 years of follow-up from the "last patient in" date.

Methods: Adult patients with treatment-naïve, advanced -positive NSCLC from mainland China, South Korea, and Thailand were randomized 2:1 to receive twice-daily 600 mg alectinib (n = 125) or 250 mg crizotinib (n = 62).

JOINT MODELING OF MULTISTATE AND NONPARAMETRIC MULTIVARIATE LONGITUDINAL DATA.

It is oftentimes the case in studies of disease progression that subjects can move into one of several disease states of interest. Multistate models are an indispensable tool to analyze data from such studies. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) is an observational study of at-risk children from birth to onset of type-1 diabetes (T1D) up through the age of 15.

Intrinsic Ferroelectric Switching in Two-Dimensional α-InSe.

Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric semiconductors present opportunities for integrating ferroelectrics into high-density ultrathin nanoelectronics. Among the few synthesized 2D ferroelectrics, α-InSe, known for its electrically addressable vertical polarization, has attracted significant interest. However, the understanding of many fundamental characteristics of this material, such as the existence of spontaneous in-plane polarization and switching mechanisms, remains controversial, marked by conflicting experimental and theoretical results.

KRAS Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review.

Rat sarcoma virus () GTPase is one of the most important drivers of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). has three different isoforms (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog [, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog [ and Neuroblastoma ras viral oncogene homolog []), of which is most commonly mutated in NSCLC. The mutated KRAS protein was historically thought to be "undruggable" until the development of KRAS inhibitors.

The effect of iron supplementation in preterm infants at different gestational ages.

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency disease in preterm infants, significantly affecting their growth and development. For preterm infants to flourish physically and neurologically, timely iron supplementation is essential. The main goals of this study were to determine whether the present iron supplementation regimen results in iron overload in late preterm infants and whether it can meet the growth requirements of early preterm infants for catch-up.

Growth pattern, growth deceleration, and relevant predictors in girls treated with GnRHa: a retrospective longitudinal study.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the height growth pattern and the incidence of significant growth deceleration in girls with CPP and EFP on GnRHa treatment, and thereby identify relevant predictors of growth deceleration.

Methods: The data of 99 girls diagnosed with CPP and 47 girls with EFP were included in this retrospective analysis. The incidence of growth deceleration was calculated in both the first and second years.

Identification of type 1 diabetes risk phenotypes using an outcome-guided clustering analysis.

Aims/hypothesis: Although statistical models for predicting type 1 diabetes risk have been developed, approaches that reveal the heterogeneity of the at-risk population by identifying clinically meaningful clusters are lacking. We aimed to identify and characterise clusters of islet autoantibody-positive individuals who share similar characteristics and type 1 diabetes risk.

Methods: We tested a novel outcome-guided clustering method in initially non-diabetic autoantibody-positive relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes, using the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study data (n=1123).

Novel hypoxia-induced HIF-1αactivation in asthma pathogenesis.

Background: Asthma's complexity, marked by airway inflammation and remodeling, is influenced by hypoxic conditions. This study focuses on the role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1α) and P53 ubiquitination in asthma exacerbation.

Methods: High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics were used to identify genes associated with asthma progression, with an emphasis on GO and KEGG pathway analyses.

mRNA vaccine development and applications: A special focus on tumors (Review).

Cancer is characterized by unlimited proliferation and metastasis, and traditional therapeutic strategies usually result in the acquisition of drug resistance, thus highlighting the need for more personalized treatment. mRNA vaccines transfer the gene sequences of exogenous target antigens into human cells through transcription and translation to stimulate the body to produce specific immune responses against the encoded proteins, so as to enable the body to obtain immune protection against said antigens; this approach may be adopted for personalized cancer therapy. Since the recent coronavirus pandemic, the development of mRNA vaccines has seen substantial progress and widespread adoption.

Preclinical study and phase II trial of adapting low-dose radiotherapy to immunotherapy in small cell lung cancer.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) provide modest but unsatisfactory benefits for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Developing strategies for treating ES-SCLC is critical.

Methods: We preliminarily explored the outcomes of salvage low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) plus ICI on refractory SCLC patients.

Metformin prevents the onset and progression of intervertebral disc degeneration: New insights and potential mechanisms (Review).

Metformin has been the go‑to medical treatment for addressing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as a frontline oral antidiabetic. Obesity, cancer and bone deterioration are linked to T2DM, which is considered a metabolic illness. Numerous diseases associated with T2DM, such as tumours, cardiovascular disease and bone deterioration, may be treated with metformin.