Comparative quantitative phosphoproteomic and parallel reaction monitoring analysis of soybean roots under aluminum stress identify candidate phosphoproteins involved in aluminum resistance capacity.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity adversely impacts soybean (Glycine max) growth in acidic soil. Reversible protein phosphorylation plays an important role in adapting to adverse environmental conditions by regulating multiple physiological processes including signal transduction, energy coupling and metabolism adjustment in higher plant. This study aimed to reveal the Al-responsive phosphoproteins to understand their putative function and involvement in the regulation of Al resistance in soybean root.

The transcription factor SbHY5 mediates light to promote aluminum tolerance by activating SbMATE and SbSTOP1s expression.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major factor limiting crop yields in acid soils. Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is a high-efficient energy crop widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, where acid soil is common and Al toxicity is widespread.

Two Sweet Sorghum ( L.) WRKY Transcription Factors Promote Aluminum Tolerance via the Reduction in Callose Deposition.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a primary limiting factor for crop production in acidic soils. The WRKY transcription factors play important roles in regulating plant growth and stress resistance. In this study, we identified and characterized two WRKY transcription factors, SbWRKY22 and SbWRKY65, in sweet sorghum ( L.

Characterization of GmMATE13 in its contribution of citrate efflux and aluminum resistance in soybeans.

Citrate exudation mediated by a citrate transporter of the MATE protein family is critical for resisting aluminum (Al) toxicity in soybeans. However, the expression patterns of citrate transporter genes differ under Al stress. Thus, exploring the responsive pattern of GmMATEs in response to Al stress is of great importance to understand the Al resistance mechanism in soybeans.

SPP1 overexpression is associated with poor outcomes in ALK fusion lung cancer patients without receiving targeted therapy.

The screening of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors for anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements is important because of the dramatically favorable therapy response to ALK inhibitor. However, the exact mechanism of poor survival in ALK fusion lung cancer patients without receiving targeted therapy is unclear. In this study, total of 521 tumor specimens from Chinese patients with lung cancer were screened for ALK fusion by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Phosphorylated LASS2 inhibits prostate carcinogenesis via negative regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

LASS2 is a novel tumor-suppressor gene and has been characterized as a ceramide synthase, which synthesizes very-long acyl chain ceramides. However, LASS2 function and pathway-related activity in prostate carcinogenesis are still largely unexplored. Here, we firstly report that LASS2 promotes β-catenin degradation through physical interaction with STK38, SCYL2, and ATP6V0C via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, phosphorylation of LASS2 is essential for β-catenin degradation, and serine residue 248 of LASS2 is illustrated to be a key phosphorylation site.

Assessing How the Aluminum-Resistance Traits in Wheat and Rye Transfer to Hexaploid and Octoploid Triticale.

The mechanisms of aluminum (Al) resistance in wheat and rye involve the release of citrate and malate anions from the root apices. Many of the genes controlling these processes have been identified and their responses to Al treatment described in detail. This study investigated how the major Al resistance traits of wheat and rye are transferred to triticale (x Wittmack) which is a hybrid between wheat and rye.

A novel case of endometrial dedifferentiated adenocarcinoma associated with MLH1 promotor hypermethylation and microsatellite instability.

Endometrial dedifferentiated carcinoma is a rare, malignant tumor whose molecular alterations have not been clarified yet. We report a novel case of a 61-year old woman who presented with irregular vaginal bleeding after menopause and a 3 cm uterus mass. Histology revealed endometrial dedifferentiated adenocarcinoma, a rare subtype comprised of undifferentiated adenocarcinoma.

Identification of STOP1-Like Proteins Associated With Aluminum Tolerance in Sweet Sorghum ( L.).

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soils affects crop production worldwide. CH-type zinc finger transcription factor STOP1/ART1-mediated expression of Al tolerance genes has been shown to be important for Al resistance in , rice and other crop plants. Here, we identified and characterized four STOP1-like proteins (SbSTOP1a, SbSTOP1b, SbSTOP1c, and SbSTOP1d) in sweet sorghum, a variant of grain sorghum ( L.

Soybean NADP-Malic Enzyme Functions in Malate and Citrate Metabolism and Contributes to Their Efflux under Al Stress.

Malate accumulation has been suggested to balance Al-induced citrate synthesis and efflux in soybean roots. To test this hypothesis, characteristics of Al-induced accumulation and efflux of citrate and malate were compared between two soybean genotypes combining a functional analysis of putatively encode a cytosolic NADP-malic enzyme. Similar amounts of citrate were released, and root elongation was equally inhibited before 8 h of Al treatment of Jiyu 70 and Jiyu 62 cultivars.

Salicylic Acid Alleviates Aluminum Toxicity in Soybean Roots through Modulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism.

As an important signal molecule, salicylic acid (SA) improves plant tolerance to aluminum (Al) stress. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exogenous SA application on the dynamics of endogenous SA and reactive oxygen species in soybean ( L.) exposed to Al stress.

Silencing of vacuolar ATPase c subunit ATP6V0C inhibits the invasion of prostate cancer cells through a LASS2/TMSG1-independent manner.

Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), widespread in eukaryotic cells, is extensively expressed in many highly metastatic tumors, of which the V-ATPase c subunit ATP6V0C is particularly associated with the invasion and metastasis of cancer. ATP6V0C was directly found to interact with LASS2/TMSG1 which is a new tumor metastasis inhibitory gene identified by our laboratory in 1999. In order to study the role of ATP6V0C, we generated small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting ATP6V0C and investigated its function on the invasion of human prostate cancer cell line PC-3M-1E8 with high metastatic potential and its interplay with LASS2/TMSG1.

Changes in element accumulation, phenolic metabolism, and antioxidative enzyme activities in the red-skin roots of .

Background: Red-skin root disease has seriously decreased the quality and production of (ginseng).

Methods: To explore the disease's origin, comparative analysis was performed in different parts of the plant, particularly the epidermis, cortex, and/or fibrous roots of 5-yr-old healthy and diseased red-skin ginseng. The inorganic element composition, phenolic compound concentration, reactive oxidation system, antioxidant concentrations such as ascorbate and glutathione, activities of enzymes related to phenolic metabolism and oxidation, and antioxidative system particularly the ascorbate-glutathione cycle were examined using conventional methods.

Correction: Molecular Heterogeneity of Ewing Sarcoma as Detected by Ion Torrent Sequencing.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Molecular Heterogeneity of Ewing Sarcoma as Detected by Ion Torrent Sequencing.

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is the second most common malignant bone and soft tissue tumor in children and adolescents. Despite advances in comprehensive treatment, patients with ES metastases still suffer poor outcomes, thus, emphasizing the need for detailed genetic profiles of ES patients to identify suitable molecular biomarkers for improved prognosis and development of effective and targeted therapies. In this study, the next generation sequencing Ion AmpliSeq™ Cancer Hotspot Panel v2 was used to identify cancer-related gene mutations in the tissue samples from 20 ES patients.

The interaction of salicylic acid and Ca(2+) alleviates aluminum toxicity in soybean (Glycine max L.).

Both calcium ion (Ca(2+)) and salicylic acid (SA) influence various stress responses in plants. In acidic soils, aluminum (Al) toxicity adversely affects crop yield. In this study, we determined the influences of Ca(2+) and SA on root elongation, Al accumulation, and citrate secretion in soybean plant.

[Fluorescence in-situ hybridization as a diagnostic tool for cutaneous melanoma].

Objective: To explore the utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization as a diagnostic tool for cutaneous melanoma.

Methods: Twenty cutaneous melanomas and 20 cutaneous nevi from pathology files were selected and analyzed by Vysis melanoma FISH probe kit targeting 3 loci on chromosome 6 (MYB, CEP6 and RREB1) and 1 locus on 11q (CCND1) and data were interpreted based on the Abbott criteria provided by the kit.

Results: Informative FISH results were obtained in 16 melanomas and 18 nevi.

Overexpression of a Novel Tumor Metastasis Suppressor Gene TMSG1/LASS2 Induces Apoptosis via a Caspase-dependent Mitochondrial Pathway.

The tumor metastasis suppressor gene 1 (TMSG1), also designated homo sapiens longevity assurance homologue 2 of yeast LAG1 (LASS2), is a novel tumor metastatic suppressor gene. Although its effects on metastasis have been reported, its biological functions remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TMSG1/LASS2 protein on apoptosis and proliferation in human embryonic kidney cell lines HEK293 and 293 T and explore the potential mechanisms.

Seasonal changes in soil acidity and related properties in ginseng artificial bed soils under a plastic shade.

Background: In Changbai Mountains, Panax ginseng (ginseng) was cultivated in a mixture of the humus and albic horizons of albic luvisol in a raised garden with plastic shade. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ginseng planting on soil characteristics.

Methods: The mixed-bed soils were seasonally collected at intervals of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-15 cm for different-aged ginsengs.

LASS2/TMSG1 inhibits growth and invasion of breast cancer cell in vitro through regulation of vacuolar ATPase activity.

Homo sapiens longevity assurance homologue 2 of yeast LAG1 (LASS2)/tumor metastasis suppressor gene 1 (TMSG1) was a novel tumor metastasis-related gene identified using messenger RNA differential display from non-metastatic human prostate cancer cell variants. The mechanism of LASS2/TMSG1 inhibiting tumor invasion metastasis in breast cancer cells had not been well investigated. In the present study, a full length of 1.

[Anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion gene expression, clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis in 95 Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer].

Objective: To examine the prevalence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion gene in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: In this study, 95 patients with NSCLC and corresponding clinical information and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks were included. Hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining, conventional ALK immunochemistry (IHC) staining and intercalated antibody-enhanced polymer (iAEP) IHC staining, and dual-color split fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for ALK fusion gene were performed.

The barley anion channel, HvALMT1, has multiple roles in guard cell physiology and grain metabolism.

The barley (Hordeum vulgare) gene HvALMT1 encodes an anion channel in guard cells and in certain root tissues indicating that it may perform multiple roles. The protein localizes to the plasma membrane and facilitates malate efflux from cells when constitutively expressed in barley plants and Xenopus oocytes. This study investigated the function of HvALMT1 further by identifying its tissue-specific expression and by generating and characterizing RNAi lines with reduced HvALMT1 expression.

[LASS2/TMSG1 gene silencing promotes the invasiveness and metastatic of human prostatic carcinoma cells through increase in vacuolar ATPase activity].

Objective: To explore the effects of LASS2/TMSG1 silencing on the growth, invasion and metastasis of prostate carcinoma cells and to investigate the related molecular mechanisms.

Methods: LASS2/TMSG1 expression of human prostate carcinoma cell line with low metastatic potentiality (PC-3M-2B4 cells) was knocked down using DNA vector-based small interfering RNA (shRNA), followed by evaluations of tumor cell invasion and metastasis.

Results: A stable PC-3M-2B4 cell line with expression of LASS2/TMSG1-shRNA was successfully established.

[The research of clinical pathological features of ALK positive lung cancer in 525 patients and the discussion of detection methods].

Background: The fusion (rearrangement) of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene has been identified as an import factor to the tumorigenesis and development of lung cancer. ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) have been proved to have good effects to ALK positive lung cancers. The increasement of the relevance ratio of ALK will be very important to patients.

Silencing of LASS2/TMSG1 enhances invasion and metastasis capacity of prostate cancer cell.

Homo sapiens longevity assurance homolog 2 of yeast LAG1 (LASS2), also known as tumor metastasis suppressor gene 1 (TMSG1), was firstly cloned by our laboratory in 1999. However, its antitumor molecular mechanisms are still unclear. LASS2/TMSG-1 could directly interact with the C subunit of Vacuolar H(+) ATPase (V-ATPase), which suggested that LASS2/TMSG1 might inhibit the invasion and metastasis through regulating the function of V-ATPase.