Publications by authors named "Yosuke Nishihata"

Background: The optimal timing for the initiation of oral beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains unclear within the context of current primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) practice.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 412 consecutive patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute MI between January 2007 and August 2016 who underwent successful primary PCI and were given oral carvedilol during hospitalization. Early and late carvedilol groups were based on initiation within the first 24 h or after.

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Article Synopsis
  • ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (STEMI-CS) has high mortality rates, especially for patients admitted during off-hours, known as the "off-hours effect."
  • This study analyzed registry data of 1,207 patients treated with Impella, revealing that 42.1% of off-hours admissions resulted in death compared to 30.3% during on-hours.
  • The research concluded that off-hours admissions were linked to a 60% increased risk of 30-day mortality, emphasizing the need for improved cardiovascular care and timely treatment during off-hours.
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Unlabelled: In schizophrenia, layer 3 pyramidal neurons (L3PNs) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are thought to receive fewer excitatory synaptic inputs and to have lower expression levels of activity-dependent genes and of genes involved in mitochondrial energy production. In concert, these findings from previous studies suggest that DLPFC L3PNs are hypoactive in schizophrenia, disrupting the patterns of activity that are crucial for working memory, which is impaired in the illness. However, whether lower PN activity produces alterations in inhibitory and/or excitatory synaptic strength has not been tested in the primate DLPFC.

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  • The study explores how social isolation during critical development stages affects behavior and neuronal activity, focusing on the expression of specific proteins in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of mice.
  • Researchers compared socially isolated mice with those kept in groups, observing changes in neuronal firing patterns and social behavior.
  • Results indicated that isolated mice struggled with social memory, and decreased NARP expression was found in humans with autism compared to typically developing individuals, suggesting a link between social isolation and behavioral outcomes.
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Background: Vessel-level physiological data derived from pressure wire measurements are one of the important determinant factors in the optimal revascularisation strategy for patients with multivessel disease (MVD). However, these may result in complications and a prolonged procedure time.

Aims: The feasibility of using the quantitative flow ratio (QFR), an angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR), in Heart Team discussions to determine the optimal revascularisation strategy for patients with MVD was investigated.

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Background: Severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are risk factors of hemodynamic instability in heart failure (HF) management due to low cardiac output, respectively. Therefore, the treatment of HF due to severe AS complicated with AF is anticipated to be difficult. Tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2 receptor inhibitor, is effective in controlling acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) with hemodynamic stability.

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Background: In schizophrenia, layer 3 pyramidal neurons (L3PNs) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex exhibit deficits in markers of excitatory synaptic inputs that are thought to disrupt the patterns of neural network activity essential for cognitive function. These deficits are usually interpreted under Irwin Feinberg's hypothesis of altered synaptic pruning, which postulates that normal periadolescent pruning, thought to preferentially eliminate weak/immature synapses, is altered in schizophrenia. However, it remains unknown whether periadolescent pruning on L3PNs in the primate dorsolateral prefrontal cortex selectively eliminates weak excitatory synapses or uniformly eliminates excitatory synapses across the full distribution of synaptic strengths.

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Background: Aggressive lipid lowering by high-dose statin treatment has been established for the secondary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD). Regarding the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, however, the "The lower is the better" concept has been controversial to date. We hypothesized that there is an optimal LDL-C level, i.

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Background: The relationship between very low on-treatment low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and cardiovascular event risk is still unclear in patients receiving the same doses of statins.

Methods and results: From the REAL-CAD study comparing high-dose (4 mg/day) with low-dose (1 mg/day) pitavastatin therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease, 11,105 patients with acceptable statin adherence were divided into 3 groups according to the on-treatment LDL-C level at 6 months (<70 mg/dL, 70-100 mg/dL, and ≥100 mg/dL). The primary outcome measure was a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischemic stroke, or unstable angina requiring emergent admission.

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Unlabelled: In patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) due to thrombus sometimes causes hemodynamic instability, requiring reperfusion therapy with drugs, surgery, or catheterization. In particular, patients with Fontan circulation, which is strongly affected by PVR, are prone to hemodynamic instability. Moreover, these patients sometimes have bleeding complications such as hemoptysis and intrathoracic adhesions, following multiple prior thoracotomies, making it difficult to choose pharmacotherapy.

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A lack of juvenile social experience causes various behavioral impairments and brain dysfunction, especially in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Our previous studies revealed that juvenile social isolation for 2 weeks immediately after weaning affects the synaptic inputs and intrinsic excitability of fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing (FSPV) interneurons as well as a specific type of layer 5 (L5) pyramidal cells, which we termed prominent h-current (PH) cells, in the mPFC. However, since these changes were observed at the adult age of postnatal day 65 (P65), the primary cause of these changes to neurons immediately after juvenile social isolation (postnatal day 35) remains unknown.

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Article Synopsis
  • The REAL-CAD study evaluated the effects of high-dose (4 mg) versus low-dose (1 mg) pitavastatin on cardiovascular events in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), categorizing participants based on their thrombotic risk using the CREDO-Kyoto score.
  • Results showed that high-risk patients had a significantly higher incidence of major cardiovascular events over four years compared to low and intermediate-risk patients.
  • Although high-dose therapy showed a trend toward reduced risk of events in all risk categories, the difference was not statistically significant, indicating that both doses may have similar benefits across varying levels of thrombotic risk.
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Background: The prognostic implication of elevated or decreased blood glucose (BG) level in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) has been still controversial. Indices of stress hyperglycemia, expressed by the ratio of BG and chronic BG control, has been reported to be associated with poor outcome in different disease population. We sought to assess BG at admission and %ΔBG, an index of BG deviation from estimated average BG calculated from glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), on the long-term outcome in ADHF patients.

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  • - Malnutrition is prevalent in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), impacting their long-term outcomes and treatment options based on a study of 1231 hospitalized patients in Japan.
  • - The study utilized the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) to evaluate nutritional status, revealing that 42.6% of patients were malnourished, which correlated with lower use of effective combination therapies.
  • - Malnourished patients faced a higher risk of adverse events, but those receiving two or three medication agents had significantly better outcomes regardless of their nutritional status, suggesting that combination therapy can improve prognosis even in malnourished individuals.
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Aims: Multimorbidity is common among heart failure (HF) patients and may attenuate guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). Multimorbid patients are under-represented in clinical trials; therefore, the effect of multimorbidity clustering on the prognosis of HF patients remains unknown. We evaluated the prevalence of multimorbidity clusters among consecutively registered hospitalized HF patients and assessed whether GDMT attenuated outcomes.

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In patients with multivessel disease (MVD), functional information on lesions improves the prognostic capability of the SYNTAX score. Quantitative flow ratio (QFR®) is an angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) that does not require a pressure wire or pharmacological hyperemia. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of QFR-based patient information in Heart Teams' discussions to determine the optimal revascularization strategy for patients with MVD.

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Although heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has a highly variable phenotype, heterogeneity in left ventricular chamber size (LVCS) and its association with long-term outcome have not been thoroughly investigated. The present study sought to determine the impact of LVCS on clinical outcome in HFpEF.A total of 1505 consecutive HFpEF patients admitted to hospitals in the multicenter WET-HF Registry for acute decompensated HF (ADHF) between 2006 and 2017 were analyzed.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the significance of a newly proposed target heart rate (THR) formula for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), focusing on the prevention of hospital readmissions and all-cause death.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 647 patients with HFrEF who were hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure, comparing outcomes based on THR versus a standard heart rate of 70 bpm.
  • Findings indicate that using THR to assess heart rates at discharge can better predict long-term health outcomes, suggesting it may be beneficial for personalized heart rate management strategies in HFrEF patients.
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The real-world evidence has been sparse on the impact of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) on the outcomes in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients. We aim to explore this issue in the prospective multicenter WET-HF registry. Among 3927 patients (77 (67-84) years, male 60%), the NPPV was used in 775 patients (19.

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Aims: The impact of worsening renal function (WRF) on the prognosis of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) remains controversial. We aimed to identify phenotypically distinct subgroups among individuals with both AHF and WRF using cluster analysis.

Methods And Results: Overall, the data of 483 patients with both AHF and WRF enrolled in the West Tokyo Heart Failure Registry were analysed.

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Aims: Heart failure (HF) patients have a high risk of mortality due to sudden cardiac death (SCD) and non-SCD, including pump failure death (PFD). Anaemia predicts more severe symptomatic burden and higher morbidity, as noted by markedly increased hospitalizations and readmission rates, and mortality, underscoring its importance in HF management. Herein, we aimed to determine whether haemoglobin (Hb) level at discharge affects the mode of death and influences SCD risk prediction.

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The unique fast spiking (FS) phenotype of cortical parvalbumin-positive (PV) neurons depends on the expression of multiple subtypes of voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv). PV neurons selectively express Kcns3, the gene encoding Kv9.3 subunits, suggesting that Kcns3 expression is critical for the FS phenotype.

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Abnormal liver function tests (LFTs) are known to be associated with impaired clinical outcomes in heart failure (HF) patients. However, this implication varies with each single LFT panel. We aim to evaluate the long-term outcomes of acute HF (AHF) patients by assessing multiple LFT panels in combination.

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Early and rapid risk stratification of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) is crucial for appropriate patient triage and outcome improvements. We aimed to develop an easy-to-use, in-hospital mortality risk prediction tool based on data collected from AHF patients at their initial presentation. Consecutive patients' data pertaining to 2006-2017 were extracted from the West Tokyo Heart Failure (WET-HF) and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (NaDEF) registries ( = 4351).

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During brain development, the design of primary neural networks is primarily determined by environmental stimuli after their formation. In particular, the juvenile period is critical, during which neuronal circuits that consist of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons are remodeled by experience. Social isolation during the juvenile period profoundly affects brain development and contributes to the development of psychiatric disorders.

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