Phytochemical profile and in vitro evaluation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) foliage as ruminant feed with/without green banana flour.

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a crucial crop in tropics and subtropics, primarily cultivated for its tuber. However, its foliage is rich in protein and can supply essential elements for ruminants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical compounds by Gas chromatography-MS (GC-MS) and the main phenolic by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) present in cassava foliage, along with the fermentation pattern using a semi-automated gas production (GP) system.

Challenges for Animal Health and Production in the Tropics and Mediterranean for the next 55 years.

Tropical Animal Health and Production is a journal founded 55 years ago. It is dedicated to the publication of results of original research, investigation, and observation in all fields of animal health, welfare and production which may lead to improved health and productivity of livestock and better utilization of animal resources in tropical, subtropical and similar environments. Research is in strong alignment with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, particularly No Poverty, Zero Hunger, and Good Health and Well-being.

Effects of Pichia manshurica yeast supplementation on ruminal fermentation, nutrient degradability, and greenhouse gas emissions in aflatoxin B1 contaminated diets.

Yeast feed additives present a natural approach for mitigating ruminal greenhouse gases (GHG) in an environmentally sustainable manner. This study aimed to isolate yeast strains from ruminal fluids capable of reducing GHG from Aflatoxin (AFB1) contaminated diets. Two isolates of Pichia manchuria (FFNLYFC1 and FFNLYFC2) were isolated and identified from the ruminal contents of dairy Zaraibi goats.

Lactation Performance and Rumen Fermentation in Dairy Cows Fed a Diet Supplemented with Monensin or Gum Arabic-Nano Montmorillonite Compost.

The exploration of natural alternatives to antibiotics for enhancing productivity and performance in dairy cows is a crucial objective in farm animal management. This is the first study aimed at developing and evaluating the physicochemical properties and effects of Arabic gum-nano montmorillonite (AGNM) compost compared to ionophore monensin as feed additives on rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, and milk production of Holstein dairy cows. In a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design, four multiparous mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows with an average body weight of 520 ± 15 kg were enrolled.

Alginate Nanoencapsulated Synbiotic Composite of Pomegranate Peel Phytogenics and Multi-Probiotic Species as a Potential Feed Additive: Physicochemical, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities.

A synbiotic composed of alginate nanoencapsulated prebiotic (pomegranate peel phytogenics) and multi-species probiotics (, , , and ) has been developed as a potential eco-friendly alternative to antibiotics. The physicochemical properties of the encapsulated synbiotic were evaluated, and its gastric and storage tolerance, as well as its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, were tested and compared to that of the non-encapsulated synbiotic (free synbiotic). The results showed that the prebiotic pomegranate peel ethanolic extract contained seven phenolic compounds, with cinnamic being the most abundant (13.

Extracts of Apricot () and Peach () Kernels as Feed Additives: Nutrient Digestibility, Growth Performance, and Immunological Status of Growing Rabbits.

This study assessed the effects of the kernel extracts of apricot (AKE; ) and peach (PKE; ), and their mixture (Mix) on growth efficiency, feed utilization, cecum activity, and health status, of growing rabbits. Weaned male New Zealand White rabbits at six weeks old [n = 84, 736 ± 24 SE g body weight (BW)] were randomly allotted to four dietary groups. The first group received no feed additives (control), the second and third groups received 0.

Potential of montmorillonite modified by an organosulfur surfactant for reducing aflatoxin B1 toxicity and ruminal methanogenesis in vitro.

Background: Montmorillonite clay modified by organosulfur surfactants possesses high cation exchange capacity (CEC) and adsorption capacity than their unmodified form (UM), therefore they may elevate the adverse impact of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on ruminal fermentation and methanogenesis. Chemical and mechanical modifications were used to innovate the organically modified nano montmorillonite (MNM). The UM was modified using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and grounded to obtain the nanoscale particle size form.

Growth performance, nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, blood biochemistry, and carcass traits of lambs fed L. hay-based diet supplemented with yeast or bacterial direct- fed microbial.

Direct fed microbial may enhance the utilization of halophyte forages leading to improved animal growth and productivity. This study was conducted to evaluate Atriplex hay-based diet supplemented with yeast (; SC) or bacteria ( and ; BAC) on lamb growth performance, digestibility, rumen fermentation, and carcass characteristics. Fifteen Barki lambs (90 ± 7 days of age and 18.

Modified Nano-Montmorillonite and Monensin Modulate Ruminal Fermentation, Nutrient Degradability, and Methanogenesis Differently.

Two types of modified nano-montmorillonite (MNM) were developed by ion-exchange reactions using two different surfactants; sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CETAB), to prepare MNM and MNM, respectively. Both MNM types were on the nano-scale and had higher cation-exchange capacity values than NM clay. The MNM had the highest zeta potential (-27 mV) compared with the other clays.

and Assessment of Dietary Supplementation of Both Natural or Nano-Zeolite in Goat Diets: Effects on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrients Digestibility.

This study aimed to evaluate and dietary supplementation with different levels of natural or nano-zeolite forms on rumen fermentation patterns and nutrient digestibility. In the experiment, a basal diet (50% concentrate: 50% forage) was incubated without additives (control) and with natural zeolite (10, 20, 30 g/kg DM) or nano-zeolite (0.2, 0.

Impact of specific essential oils blend on milk production, serum biochemical parameters and kid performance of goats.

Effects of cinnamon, thyme, and peppermint essential oils blend (EOB) on milk production, serum constituents, and energy balance of early lactating does and performance of their kids were investigated. Twenty-seven late pregnant Damascus goats were grouped into two treatments: EOB ( = 14) received orally 1.5 ml EOB/d and control ( = 13) received orally 1.

Effect of replacing corn grains with date palm kernels on ruminal fermentation, feed degradability, and methane production under different initial pH conditions.

Date kernels (DK) are cheap by-products rich in energy and phenolic compounds. It can be used as an alternative to the conventional sources of energy in ruminant diets while reducing methane (CH) production. Using a semi-automated gas production (GP) system, the initial pH of buffered rumen liquor was adjusted to 5.

Agronomic and qualitative characterization of multi-cut berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) cultivars.

Background: Berseem clover is the main forage crop grown in Mediterranean regions. There are plenty of cultivars that possess variability in their productivity and quality among the different cuts. Therefore, accurate agronomic and qualitative characterization is crucial for selecting the most promising cultivars for breeding and feeding purposes.

Impact of Brazilian red propolis extract on blood metabolites, milk production, and lamb performance of Santa Inês ewes.

Twenty Santa Inês ewes used to evaluate effects of oral administration of Brazilian red propolis extract on blood metabolites, milk production, and lamb performance were randomly grouped (n = 10 ewes/group) to control without propolis administration and propolis treated (3 g red propolis extract/ewe/day) 21 days before expected lambing date. Blood samples were collected weekly, and daily milk yield was recorded twice weekly until 7 weeks postpartum. Propolis administration increased (P < 0.

Contribution of condensed tannins and mimosine to the methane mitigation caused by feeding Leucaena leucocephala.

Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala), a leguminous shrub promising to cope with feed scarcity in the tropics, may help in mitigating ruminal methane (CH4) emission in the tropics as well. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of Leucaena and major secondary compounds of this plant in ruminants. At first, effects of Leucaena tannins and mimosine on ruminal CH4 and nutrient degradability were tested in vitro.

Effect of Brazilian red propolis administration on hematological, biochemical variables and parasitic response of Santa Inês ewes during and after flushing period.

Brazilian red propolis was administered orally to Santa Inês ewes, and evaluation was made of general health and hematological, biochemical, and parasitic responses during and after flushing. Thirty mature, nonlactating, nonpregnant Santa Inês ewes (40 ± 2 kg and 2.5 years old) were grazing tropical pasture (Brachiaria decumbens and Pennisetum purpureum) and, as flushing after synchronization, were supplemented with a concentrate-roughage mixture at a rate of 4 % body weight (BW).