Mapping medication selling practices at nonpharmacy outlets during the COVID-19 pandemic: an example of Indonesia.

Objectives: Nonpharmacy outlets are common medication suppliers in Indonesia, yet little is known regarding their practices. This study aimed to evaluate the medication selling practices occurring in kiosks and minimarkets during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included all minimarkets (N = 101) and a convenience sample of kiosks (a minimum sample size, N = 67) in District X, Indonesia.

Pharmacists' clinical decision making when responding to a self-medication request for a cough in a developing country.

Background: Some studies have reported that community pharmacies in developing countries, including Indonesia, provided sub-optimal advice when handling patient's self-medication request for cough. The reasons behind such advice, therefore, need to be investigated.

Objectives: To describe Indonesian pharmacists' clinical decision making when handling self-medication cases for a cough.

Potential drug-drug interactions and their associated factors in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with comorbidities.

Background: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with comorbidities receive more complex drug therapy. This increases the probability of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs). Studies on pDDIs in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in countries with limited resources like Indonesia during the later period of the disease are still limited.

Potential roles of community-based pharmacists in assisting home-quarantined patients with COVID-19 in a resource-challenged setting.

Objectives: To present the experiences of community-based drug information centre (DIC) pharmacists assisting home-quarantined patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia.

Methods: A prospective case study included home-quarantined patients with suspected/confirmed COVID-19 contacting pharmacists at a DIC in Indonesia in July 2021. Patient characteristics, pharmacist interventions and outcomes were reported.

Knowing the gap: medication use, adherence and blood pressure control among patients with hypertension in Indonesian primary care settings.

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for global disease burden, however, little is known regarding the profiles of patients with hypertension in Indonesian primary care settings.

Objective: This study aimed to profile medication use, adherence to medications and lifestyle modifications as well as blood pressure control among patients with hypertension in Indonesian primary health centres (PHCs).

Methods: A cross-sectional study design used a structured data collection tool (questionnaire and checklist).

A cross-sectional assessment of Indonesian female health cadres' knowledge and attitude towards antibiotics.

Introduction: Health cadres have a key role in building awareness related to irrational antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in Indonesia. Cadres help to bridge the gap between the shortage of health professionals and the need to reach the broader population. This study aimed to identify cadres' background, antibiotic knowledge and attitudes in an Indonesian setting.

The competency of Indonesian pharmacy students in handling a self-medication request for a cough: a simulated patient study.

Background: Cough is a common symptom for which people frequently present to community pharmacies. Previous articles from developing countries have shown that the provision of self-medication consultation for cough in community pharmacies were suboptimal, with knowledge deficiency being a contributing factor. However, little is known regarding the ability of pharmacy students in handling self-medication consultations in developing countries.

Information on antibiotics in an Indonesian hospital outpatient setting: What is provided by pharmacy staff and recalled by patients?

Background: The provision of information by pharmacy staff is a key factor to ensure patients' understanding and quality use of medications, including antibiotics. However, little is known regarding the transmission of information between pharmacy staff and patients in Indonesia.

Objective: This study aimed to identify information on antibiotics provided by pharmacy staff and recalled by patients in an Indonesian outpatient setting.

Knowledge of stroke and medication adherence among patients with recurrent stroke or transient ischemic attack in Indonesia: a multi-center, cross-sectional study.

BackgroundThere is a limited data in Indonesia regarding the stroke knowledge and medication adherence among stroke survivors.ObjectiveTo assess the level of stroke knowledge and medication adherence along with their relationship among stroke survivors.SettingTwo tertiary-care hospitals in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Strategies to implement community training to promote responsible self-medication in Indonesia: a qualitative study of trainers.

Background: A community-based approach has been identified as one key strategy to improve the health of Indonesians. In 2015, the government initiated the 'Smart Use of Medications Movement' (GeMa CerMat) to promote responsible self-medication. This study aims to explore pharmacist/pharmacy staff trainers' views on strategies to implement GeMa CerMat community training.

Profile of sociodemographics, sources of infection, antiretrovirals and CD4 counts on HIV/AIDS outpatients in Turen Primary Health Centre, Indonesia.

Background The profile of patients with HIV/AIDS is required to develop appropriate HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment programs in Indonesia. Turen is one of the four sub-districts with the highest number of patients with HIV/AIDS in Malang District, Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to determine the sociodemographic profile, sources of infection, use of antiretrovirals and CD4 counts on HIV/AIDS outpatients in Turen Primary Health Centre (PHC).