Interventions for expectant and new parents designed to prevent child abuse and neglect in at-risk families: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Early intervention may prevent maltreatment during infancy. This study examined the effectiveness of interventions initiated during the perinatal period to prevent child abuse and neglect.

Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases for articles published before February 2023.

CRISIS AFAR: an international collaborative study of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and service access in youth with autism and neurodevelopmental conditions.

Background: Heterogeneous mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic are documented in the general population. Such heterogeneity has not been systematically assessed in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). To identify distinct patterns of the pandemic impact and their predictors in ASD/NDD youth, we focused on pandemic-related changes in symptoms and access to services.

Interventions for expectant and new parents who are at increased risk for perpetrating child abuse and neglect: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The prevention of child abuse and neglect is an urgent matter given the serious effects persisting into adulthood, and the increased risk of the offspring of abused children being abusive themselves. Intervening as early as possible may prevent abuse that can begin in infancy. Although several systematic reviews have investigated the effects of interventions on populations who are at increased risk for perpetrating child abuse and neglect, few studies have focused on women or interventions that start during perinatal periods.

Transfer of Zolpidem to Cord Blood and Breast Milk: A Case Series Evaluating Zolpidem Serum Levels and Outcomes in Birth and Suckling Infants.

Zolpidem is used for insomnia in pregnant and lactating women. Although zolpidem has been shown to cross the placenta and to be secreted into breast milk, it would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in newborn and breastfed infants. However, there is no relevant information on serum zolpidem levels in the newborn and breastfed infant from zolpidem-treated mother.

Autistic children and adolescents with frequent restricted interest and repetitive behavior showed more difficulty in social cognition during mask-wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multisite survey.

Background: The public health measures enacted in order to control the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have caused considerable changes to daily life. For autistic children and adolescents, adapting to the "new normal," including mask-wearing, may be difficult because of their restricted interest and repetitive behavior (RRB) characteristics. We aimed to examine the relationships between RRB characteristics and the impact of mask-wearing on their social communications during the pandemic.

The characteristics of children referred to a child protection team in Japan and factors associated with decision-making: A retrospective study using a medical database.

Background: Despite the potential efficacy of hospital-based multidisciplinary child protection team (CPTs), research analyzing Japanese CPT databases is scarce.

Objective: We aimed to describe the characteristics of children and families reported to a CPT in Japan and investigate factors associated with the substantiation of maltreatment.

Participants And Setting: This retrospective, cross-sectional study took place in a national children's hospital in Japan and included 350 children who were reported to CPTs between April 2014 and March 2018.

Transfer of brotizolam, periciazine, and sulpiride in cord blood and breast milk, and alprazolam in breast milk: a case report.

Background: A high prevalence of mental disorders including depression, anxiety, somatoform, and dissociative disorder is reported during pregnancy, however, information on the transfer of antipsychotics across the placenta and into breast milk is limited. We evaluated brotizolam, periciazine and sulpiride in cord blood, maternal serum, and breast milk, and alprazolam in breast milk.

Case Presentation: A 38-year-old woman with dissociative disorder was treated with brotizolam, propericiazine, and sulpiride during pregnancy and lactation, and alprazolam during lactation.

Presence of Hypnotics in the Cord Blood and Breast Milk, with No Adverse Effects in the Infant: A Case Report.

Hypnotics are frequently used for insomnia in pregnant and lactating women. This case study assessed zolpidem concentrations in the cord blood and breast milk and ramelteon concentrations in the breast milk of a woman who was treated with zolpidem and ramelteon for insomnia. Zolpidem concentrations were measured in maternal serum, breast milk, and cord blood.

Clinical guide for women with mental health problems during the perinatal period.

Pregnancy and childbirth have various effects on the physical as well as mental aspects of women. Therefore, appropriate considerations must be given to the mental health of pregnant women. The Guideline Review Committee of the Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology launched a liaison meeting for the Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology and the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, with a view to creating a "Clinical guide for women with mental health problems during the perinatal period" by cooperation of these two fields.

Trazodone Levels in Maternal Serum, Cord Blood, Breast Milk, and Neonatal Serum.

Trazodone is used to treat anxiety disorder, insomnia, and sleep disorders, which occur in ∼15% of pregnant and lactating women. However, pharmacokinetic information on the transfer of trazodone and its active metabolite, 1--chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), across the placenta or into breast milk is limited. In this study, we describe the pharmacokinetic profile of trazodone and mCPP concentrations in maternal and neonatal blood and breast milk.

Brotizolam During Pregnancy and Lactation: Brotizolam Levels in Maternal Serum, Cord Blood, Breast Milk, and Neonatal Serum.

Brotizolam is a sedative-hypnotic thienotriazolodiazepine that is a benzodiazepine analog used for debilitating insomnia. Anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders occur in about 15% of pregnant and lactating women; however, no studies have examined brotizolam transfer across the placenta or its excretion into breast milk. In this case report, we assessed brotizolam concentrations in maternal and neonatal blood, cord blood, and breast milk.

The burden of disease and the cost of illness attributable to child maltreatment in Japan: long-term health consequences largely matter.

Background: Child maltreatment leads to enormous adverse short- and long-term health outcomes. The aim of this study is to estimate the burden of disease and the cost of illness attributable to child maltreatment in Japan.

Methods: An incidence-based top-down cost of illness analysis was conducted to estimate medical costs and burden of disease attributable to child maltreatment based on a societal perspective.

Transdiagnostic subtyping of males with developmental disorders using cortical characteristics.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are biologically heterogeneous and often co-occur. As within-diagnosis heterogeneity and overlapping diagnoses are challenging for researchers and clinicians, identifying biologically homogenous subgroups, independent of diagnosis, is an urgent need.

Methods: MRI data from 148 adult males with developmental disorders (99 primary ASD, mean age = 31.

Association between perinatal anemia and postpartum depression: A prospective cohort study of Japanese women.

Objective: To clarify the association between postpartum depression (PPD) and anemia in each stage of pregnancy as well as in the postpartum period.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted between May 2010 and November 2013 at a tertiary hospital in Japan. In total, 1128 women were assessed using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) at postpartum week 4 and a blood test was performed in the second trimester (24-28 weeks of gestation), third trimester (35-36 weeks of gestation), and postpartum week 1.

Plasma estradiol levels and antidepressant effects of omega-3 fatty acids in pregnant women.

Background: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduce depressive symptoms through an anti-inflammatory effect, and injection of both omega-3 PUFAs and estradiol (E2) induces antidepressant-like effects in rats by regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines. The aims of this study were to examine the association of increased E2 during pregnancy with depressive symptoms and with inflammatory cytokines in women who were and were not supplemented with omega-3 PUFAs.

Methods: Pregnant women with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores ≥9 were recruited at 12-24 weeks of gestation.

Integrated mental health care in a multidisciplinary maternal and child health service in the community: the findings from the Suzaka trial.

Background: Perinatal mental health problems such as mood disorders are common. We propose a new multidisciplinary health service intervention program providing continuous support to women and their children from the start of pregnancy till after childbirth. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the program with respect to making women's mental health better in the postpartum period and improving the state of care for women and their children in the perinatal period.

Meta-analyses of individual versus group interventions for pre-school children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Unlabelled: There is little evidence regarding the effects of individual and group intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on important outcomes. We performed meta-analyses using a random effects model to investigate the effectiveness of the individual and group intervention studies and to compare the effectiveness of these two types if possible. The main analysis which excluded studies at a high risk of bias (Analysis I) included 14 randomised controlled trials targeting children with ASD≤6 years of age (594 children).

A systematic review and meta-analysis of comprehensive interventions for pre-school children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Background: There has an increasing number of published trials on psychosocial intervention programmes for pre-school children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To achieve better quality of unbiased evidence for the effectiveness of ASD interventions, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive review that covers studies with adequate quality standards, such as randomised controlled trials (RCTs), and different types of intervention In this study, we categorize interventions for ASD as behavioural, social-communication focused, and multimodal developmental based on Howlin's classification of early interventions for children with ASD. The aim of this study was to compare these three models and investigate the strengths and weaknesses of each type of intervention and to identify the approaches that contribute to a successful outcome for children with autism.