Combined Treatment with Two Water Extracts of Leaf and Rhizome of Enhances Cognitive Function: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind Study in Healthy Adults.

We previously found that the water extract of leaves (ES extract) enhanced cognitive function in normal mice. Our study also revealed that the water extract of rhizomes of (DR extract) enhanced memory function in Alzheimer's disease model mice. In addition, our previous experiments suggested that a combined treatment of ES and DR extracts synergistically improved memory and anti-stress response in mice.

(Schenk) Wight Extract Enhances Hindlimb Performance and Attenuates Myosin Heavy Chain IId/IIx Expression in Cast-Immobilized Mice.

Skeletal muscle atrophy is encountered in many clinical conditions, but a pharmacological treatment has not yet been established. (Schenk) Wight is an herbal medicine used in traditional Japanese and Chinese medicine. In the current study, we investigated the effect of extract (CTE) on atrophied muscle .

Recurrent Drug-induced Liver Injury Caused by the Incidental Readministration of a Kampo Formula Containing Scutellariae Radix.

A 67-year-old woman experiencing coughing visited a clinic and was prescribed drugs, including shosaikoto extract, for 4 days. She subsequently suffered from liver injury, but her condition improved after the discontinuation of all medications. Approximately 1 year later, she experienced fatigue, consulted another clinic, and received saikokeishikankyoto extract for 21 days.

Patient safety incident reports related to traditional Japanese Kampo medicines: medication errors and adverse drug events in a university hospital for a ten-year period.

Background: Kampo medicine is traditional Japanese medicine, which originated in ancient traditional Chinese medicine, but was introduced and developed uniquely in Japan. Today, Kampo medicines are integrated into the Japanese national health care system. Incident reporting systems are currently being widely used to collect information about patient safety incidents that occur in hospitals.

White Matter Hyperintensity in Elderly Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment, Functional Disability, and a High Glycoalbumin/Glycohemoglobin Ratio.

Although evidence has accumulated that white matter hyperintensity (WMH) is associated with the deterioration of cognitive function and impairment of activities of daily living (ADL), the clinical relevance of WMH in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is not still clear. The aim of this study was to examine whether WMH volume is associated with ADL and cognitive function and whether glucose control and glucose variability can affect WMH volume in these patients. This cross-sectional study investigated the associations of WMH with cognitive function and instrumental ADL (IADL), as well as metabolic and vascular risk factors in a total of 178 elderly patients with diabetes.

Telomere attrition in beta and alpha cells with age.

We have reported telomere attrition in β and α cells of the pancreas in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, but it has not been explored how the telomere lengths of these islet cells change according to age in normal subjects. To examine the telomere lengths of β and α cells in individuals without diabetes across a wide range of ages, we conducted measurement of the telomere lengths of human pancreatic β and α cells obtained from 104 autopsied subjects without diabetes ranging in age from 0 to 100 years. As an index of telomere lengths, the normalized telomere-centromere ratio (NTCR) was determined for β (NTCRβ) and α (NTCRα) cells by quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q-FISH).

Risk factors associated with falls in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: This study investigated risk factors of falls in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A total of 211 patients aged ≧60years (168 diabetic patients and 43 non-diabetic control subjects) were studied. Factors associated with falls in the past year were retrospectively examined using multiple logistic regression analysis.

β-cell telomere attrition in diabetes: inverse correlation between HbA1c and telomere length.

Context: Although accelerated β-cell telomere shortening may be associated with diabetes that shows a dramatically increased incidence with aging, β-cell telomere length in diabetes has never been explored.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to examine telomere length in the β-cells of patients with diabetes.

Design And Patients: We determined telomere length in β- and α-cells of pancreases obtained at autopsy from 47 patients with type 2 diabetes and 51 controls, all older than 60 years.

[A case of elderly-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: negative for antiglutamic acid dehydrogenase antibody and positive insulinoma-associated tyrosine phosphatase-like protein-2 antibody].

An 83-year-old Japanese woman given a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus 3 years previously was hospitalized for markedly elevated plasma glucose (386 mg/dl) and glycated hemoglobin (9.3%) levels. Laboratory study results showed urinary connecting peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) concentrations of 8.

[Community participation is associated with life satisfaction in elderly people with diabetes mellitus].

Methods: Comprehensive questionnaires encompassing physical, psychological, and social aspects were administered by interview to 56 elderly outpatients with diabetes mellitus. Life satisfaction was assessed using the Life Satisfaction Index K (LSIK) . We also assessed the emotional and instrumental social support provided by the families living along with the participants or living separately from the participants.

Hypoglycemia due to ectopic secretion of insulin-like growth factor-I in a patient with an isolated sarcoidosis of the spleen.

Hypoglycemia is reported to be one of the manifestations of a patient with hypothalamic sarcoid infiltrates due to impaired counter-regulation of glucose. But, without hypothalamic lesion, patients with sarcoidosis would not be expected to have hypoglycemia. We recently identified a patient with an isolated sarcoidosis of the spleen who had experienced frequent fasting hypoglycemia which completely disappeared after splenectomy.

Cooperative effect of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and a polymorphism of transforming growth factor-beta1 gene on the prevalence of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

A T869-->C polymorphism of the transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) gene is reported to be associated with genetic susceptibility to both osteoporosis and vertebral fractures. A low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level is known to be associated with a higher risk for hip fracture. This study aimed to assess a possible cooperative effect of the gene polymorphism and vitamin D status on vertebral fracture risk.

Severe hyponatremia due to inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone following pleurodesis.

A 69-year-old man was diagnosed as having syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) (serum sodium: 113 mEq/L) 13 days after a right upper lobectomy due to squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (pT1N0M0, stage IA) whereas the preoperative serum sodium level was nearly normal. He had undergone pleurodesis by instillation of OK432 at 2 and 5 days after surgery for prolonged air leakage. Since other possible causes of SIADH, such as residue of lung cancer, pulmonary infections, brain disorders, or known causative drugs were ruled out, the SIADH in this patient was likely associated with pleurodesis by the use of OK-432.