Relationships between thermal dose parameters and the efficacy of definitive chemoradiotherapy plus regional hyperthermia in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer: data from a multicentre randomised clinical trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the contribution of the thermal dose parameters during regional hyperthermia (HT) treatment to the clinical outcomes in patients with cervical carcinoma (CC) who received chemoradiotherapy (CRT) plus HT.

Materials And Methods: Data from a multicentre randomised clinical trial of concurrent CRT + HT vs. CRT alone were used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this combination therapy in the CC patients.

A multicentre randomised clinical trial of chemoradiotherapy plus hyperthermia versus chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of whole-pelvic hyperthermia (HT) added to standard chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced cervical cancer (CC), by investigating the clinical response and survival of patients treated with cisplatin-based CRT vs. CRT with HT (CRT + HT).

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted at five hospitals in Japan between September 2001 and March 2015 in patients with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB (bulky)-IVA CC undergoing definitive CRT.

Investigation of whether in-room CT-based adaptive intracavitary brachytherapy for uterine cervical cancer is robust against interfractional location variations of organs and/or applicators.

This study investigates whether in-room computed tomography (CT)-based adaptive treatment planning (ATP) is robust against interfractional location variations, namely, interfractional organ motions and/or applicator displacements, in 3D intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) for uterine cervical cancer. In ATP, the radiation treatment plans, which have been designed based on planning CT images (and/or MR images) acquired just before the treatments, are adaptively applied for each fraction, taking into account the interfractional location variations. 2D and 3D plans with ATP for 14 patients were simulated for 56 fractions at a prescribed dose of 600 cGy per fraction.

Improvement in treatment results of glioblastoma over the last three decades and beneficial factors.

Background: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the trend of glioblastoma outcome and scrutinize the factors contributing to better outcome over three decades.

Methods: Survival time and the influencing factors were retrospectively analyzed in 223 newly diagnosed primary glioblastoma patients during 1980-2010. Appraised factors included age, sex, tumor site, year of surgery, extent of resections, use of surgery supporting system, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), chemotherapy, conventional external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), and CyberKnife stereotactic radiotherapy (CK-SRT) use.

The usefulness of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer with multiple lymph-node metastases.

Background: The prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous-cell cancer (ESCC) and multiple lymph-node metastases is quite poor. We examined whether neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) has a beneficial effect in such patients.

Methods: A total of 50 consecutive patients with T3-4 tumors and without organ metastases were prospectively enrolled.

[A case of pancreatic cancer with liver metastasis controlled effectively by chemotherapy based on chemosensitivity test and stereotactic body radiotherapy].

A 5 5-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for pancreatic cancer with liver metastasis. We performed pancreatoduodenectomy, D2 dissection, and partial liver resection. Tissue from a resected liver metastasis was submitted to a chemosensitivity test.

Prognostic factors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.

Background: Definitive evaluation of surgical specimens obtained after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is important for assessing additional treatment or prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we examined the histological prognostic factors for ESCC patients treated with CRT and determined an appropriate strategy for their evaluation.

Patients And Methods: The present study involved 38 consecutive ESCC patients who underwent CRT followed by curative operation.

A phase II study of oral S-1 with concurrent radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy with S-1 alone for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Background/purpose: S-1 is a new oral fluoropyrimidine anticancer agent shown to be effective for pancreatic cancer. In a previous phase I trial, we evaluated the safety of S-1 combined with radiotherapy to determine the maximum tolerated dose and dose-limiting toxicity in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. The recommended dose of S-1 for phase II trials of chemoradiotherapy was determined as 80 mg/m(2)/day given on days 1-21 of a 28-day cycle.

Comparison of hyper-fractionated accelerated and standard fractionated radiotherapy with concomitant low-dose gemcitabine for unresectable pancreatic cancer.

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with gemcitabine improves median survival for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. Recently, hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (HART) has been used to treat these patients; however, the safety and efficacy are not well defined.

Patients And Methods: The standard-fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT) group (n=17) received 50.

Variation of clinical target volume definition among Japanese radiation oncologists in external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Background: We investigated the interobserver variation in the prostate target volume and the trend toward the use of diagnostic computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) images for treatment planning.

Methods: Twenty-five radiation oncologists were asked to draw the external contour of the prostate on CT images (0.3 cm spacing) of a patient with localized prostate cancer.

[An effective treatment by chemoradiation therapy after stent insertion for advanced esophageal cancer with esophago-pulmonary fistula--report of a case].

We report the case of a 56-year-old male who was diagnosed as advanced esophageal cancer with esophago-pulmonary fistula and lung abscess. He received radiation therapy in combination with chemotherapy using cisplatin and 5-FU after insertion of a self-expanding metallic stent. He had sufficient food intake during the chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

External-beam radiation therapy for age-related macular degeneration: two years' follow-up results at a total dose of 20 Gy in 10 fractions.

Purpose: The efficacy of external-beam radiation therapy (RT) was evaluated in the treatment of eyes with subfoveal or juxtafoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one eyes of 18 patients with occult or mixed-type ARMD received a total dose of 20 Gy of 6 MV X-rays in 10 fractions. The follow-up time was 24 months.